ck2017: wastewater: the best hidden energy source in cities
TRANSCRIPT
WASTEWATER: THE BEST HIDDEN ENERGY SOURCE IN CITIES
A SLUDGE-TO-ENERGY CASE IN CHINA
Integrated Urban Water Management at #CK2017, IHC New Delhi, India, 6 Apr 2017DR. LIJIN ZHONG, CHINA WATER LEAD/SENIOR ASSOCIATEXIAOTIAN FU, ASSOCIATE, CHINA WATER
INTEGRATED
INNOVATED
INTERCONNECTED
WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN CITIES: Integrated, Innovated, Interconnected
34% 52% 82% 92%
2000 2005 2010 2015
• Boom in wastewater production, wastewater treatment and sludge production
Wastewater generation in cities
Sludge productionTreated
wastewater in cities
Percentage of treated
wastewater Note: wastewater generation and treated wastewater was measured by million cubic meter; sludge production was measured by 10,000 ton (with 80% water content)Source: WRI estimate; China Wastewater Statistic Database, MOHURD
WASTEWATER CHALLENGE IN CHINA: Boom in Wastewater/Sludge Production
SLUDGE CRISES: Illegal Dumping of Sludge Gets Noticed
• Sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants has long been ignored in China. Big cities in China such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hefei and etc. have all undergone pollution and crises caused by sludge being dumped at discretion
• Boom in production: 190 million tons municipal solid waste (MSW) and 40 million tons sludge produced in Chinese cities in 2015
• Inappropriate treatment: 70% MSW and sludge is still disposed at landfills or dumped directly in China
Waste or Resource?Incineration
Composting
Landfill
Thermal Hydrolysis
+Anaerobic Digestion
$$$
$$$
$$$
$$$
$$$
$$$
CNG Electricity
Biochar Planting trees
WASTE OR RESOURCES: A Choice
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY: A Case in China
• Capacity: 300tons/day (sludge and kitchen waste co-digestion)
• Method: thermal hydrolysis + anaerobic digestion
• Product: CNG (6000m3/day), biochar (55-60 tons/day) for seedling cultivation
• Operation mode: BOO with 23 years of concession period
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY IN XIANGYANG: Reducing GHG emissions
Incineration
237
Landfill (Baseline)
813
THP+AD in Xiangyang
13
-95%
-98%
GHG Emissions in 21 years of operationUnit: 1,000 ton CO2e
China intends to dispose 90% of WWTP sludge in cities in the 13th Five-Year-Plan, and also selected
100 pilots of kitchen waste-to-energy projects
By 2020, an estimate of 200 million metric ton CO2e emission can be avoided (2% of the total
methane emission in the year of 2010) if the waste-to-energy approach adopted
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY IN XIANGYANG: Adding Green Renewable Energy
0
Landfill(BAU)
0
THP+ADIn Xiangyang
91
Incineration
CH4 Captured in 21 year (million M3)
车用 CNG45 mil-lion m3
替代车用汽油排放
140,000 ton
CO2e
CNG销售收入
202 mil-lion
RMB
Revenue from CNG
Avoided GHG emission via
gasoline substitution
CNG as vehicle fuel
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY: Innovated and Integrated Consideration
Water cycle
Carbon cycle
Biochar
TreesEcological management
of landfill site
Energy cycle
CNG station
CNG buses
CNG
N/P
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY: Interconnected between SDGs
Technology
Construction
Utilization of resources
recovered from waste/sludge
MoHURD
NDRC
Supervision
Methane reduction from waste/sludge
treatment
MEP
MOA
Department of Urban Construction
Department of Urban Construction
Department of Urban Construction
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY: Interconnected between Governmental Agencies
•PPP•Price reform
• New policy development• Subsidy and incentives
• R&D• Energy
efficiency• Energy
production
• Share best/bad practices• Mind-set for market-oriented
design
Lack of technologies and information
Lack of financial mechanism
Lack of policies and regulations
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY: Challenges Learnt from the Pilot
Lack of understanding
COMING SOON
Supporters
Dr.Lijin ZhongChina Water Lead/Senior Associate, Water Program
China Office, World Resources Institute(86)10-6416 5697-55; [email protected]
www.wri.org; www.wri.org.cn
Contact
Xiaotian FuAssociate, China Water
China Office, World Resources Institute(86)10-6416 5697-59; [email protected]
www.wri.org; www.wri.org.cn