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Civil Rights1960’s
Unit 9 Contemporary U.S.
Lecture #1
Updated by SMHS Staff 03-26-10
AZ State Sdn S1C9PO2A-F
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Objectives
• Describe the aspects of America on
post WWII domestic policy
–Civil Rights
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Timeline:
• 1954 Brown v.
Board of Education
• 1955 Montgomery
Bus boycott
• 1957 Desegregation
at Little Rock
• 1960 Sit-in
Campaign
• 1961 Freedom
Rides
• 1962 Mississippi
Riot
• 1963 Birmingham
• 1963 March on
Washington
• 1965 Selma
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I. Sit-in Campaign
• Sit-ins at lunch counters to
protest segregation
• 1960-Greensboro NC
• Formed SNCC (Students Non-
violent Coordinating Committee)
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In Harlem and many other northern communities, Movement supporters
picket Woolworths and other chain stores to support the southern sit-ins.
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II. Freedom Riders-1961
• CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)
• Rode buses into South to integrate bus
terminals
• After Montgomery AL-Pres. Kennedy
sends U.S. Marshalls to protect them.
• Result-integrated interstate bus/train
terminals
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III. Mississippi 1962
• Oct. -James Meredith –first black to enter University of Miss.
• Riots
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IV. Birmingham, AL 1963
• Mass demonstration/beaten
• Sherriff Bull Connor.
• On TV
• Kennedy ordered civil rights bill
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V. Gov. George Wallace
• Believed in segregation.
• U.S. Marshalls sent to Univ. of AL
“I draw the line in the
dust and toss the gauntlet
before the feet of tyranny,
and I say segregation
now, segregation
tomorrow, segregation
forever.”
18Attempting to block integration at University of Alabama
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VI. Medgar Evers
• June 11, 1963 murdered in
Mississippi.
• Bryon De La Beckwith – shot him
• Two trials 1963/1964 all-white
juries not decide.
• Free 30 years, 1994 convicted.
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Medgar
Evers
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VII. Washington D.C.
• Aug. 1963-- Greatest civil rights
demonstration.
• Lincoln Memorial.
• ―I Have a Dream‖
• High point in peaceful interracial
civil rights movement
• Pres. Kennedy pledges support.
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VIII. Freedom Summer
• Jan 1964 -24th Amendment-poll
tax banned.
• Summer 1964 - white & black
civil rights workers traveled in
South to register voters.
• Student workers murdered in
Miss.
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IX. Freedom March Selma, AL
• March 1965—registration drive-
Blacks blocked/beaten.
• King leads group in peaceful 54
mile march-were attacked.
• Aug. - Voting Rights Act 1965- put
registration process in federal
hands.
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X. Militant Movement
• Nation of Islam –Black Muslims-
• Believed- power over other races
and black nationalism -create
own republic
• 1952 Malcolm Little converts–
Malcolm X.
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MLK and
Malcolm X
met only
once, at the
U.S. Capitol
during a
Senate
meeting
about civil
rights in
March 1964
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• 1964 rejected separatist ideas.
• February 1965 assassinated by
Nation of Islam.
• Aug-Watts, CA Riots.
• Black Panthers
Cont Militant Movement
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XI. Martin L. King Jr.
• Went TN support black sanitation
workers strike.
• Tells followers, “I’ve seen the
Promised Land. I may not get there
with you. But I want you to know
that we as a people will get to the
Promised Land.”
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Cont Martin L. King Jr.
• Assassinated April 4, 1968.
• James Earl Ray convicted.
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Corretta King & Kids
•Remembered for-peaceful protest against
segregation and voting restrictions.
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XII. Expectations
• Social and political equality.
• Share in economic prosperity.
• Peaceful movement early 1960’s,
was evolving into racial crisis.
38Cesar Chavez
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XIII. Hispanic Movement
• 1962--Cesar Chavez.
• Unionize grape pickers.
• Demands -wages/working
conditions.
• Organized United Farm
Workers-benefits all migratory
workers.