civil rights movement 1950/1960 lauren lee youjin kwon
TRANSCRIPT
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Civil rights movement1950/1960
Lauren LeeYoujin Kwon
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the question
Q: Compare and contrast the civil rights movement in the 1950s and the 1960s
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1950s
Civil Rights Movement is getting started
I am a Man
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victory in supreme court
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
unanimous decision by the Supreme Court ,that declared “separate but equal” (Plessy v. Ferguson) was unconstitutional in public schools
meant desegregation in U.S. public schools
The National Association for Advancement of Colored People argued this case led by thurgood Marshall who later became the first black Supreme Court justice
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Little ChangeEven after the court case, Jim Crow Laws continued to exist. Desegregation of public schools were slow to change.
only 1% of schools in Deep South desegregated in 10 years
People were still very much against desegregation
The Little Rock Central High school incident forced Eisenhower to send troops to Little Rock, Arkansas to enforce integration
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Rosa ParksThe most famous incident of civil rights movement in 1950s was Rosa Parks protest on the public pus
1955, Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat to a white and move her seat to the back of the bus
Leads to a year-long Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Park’s courage influences many other civil rights movements in the 1960s
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Emmett Till
He was an African American boy who was murdered at the age of 14 in Mississippi by the white racists.
One of the leading events along with Rosa Parks that motivated the Civil Rights Movement
Emmett’s mother did a open casket funeral to show people how brutal the racists were. Till had been beaten and his eye had been gouged out, before he was shot through the head and thrown into the Tallahatchie River with a 70-pound cotton gin fan tied to his body with barbed wire.
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civil rights org.
SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference)-MLK’s organization where adults peacefully protested with boycotts
SNCC (Student Nonviolence Coordinating Committee)- college students performed “sit-ins” in white part of the restaurant
CORE (congress of Racial equality) and Freedom Rides- bus boycotts from city to city
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1960s
Actual legislation on civil rights passed by the federal government
and the movement fractures
Black power
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Birmingham MLK and peaceful protestors were attacked by the police with dogs and hoses
broadcasted to an international audience
shocked the whole world and negative image of the U.S. (similar effect as Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
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Freedom summer
organized by the CORE, SNCC, and the NAACP, encouraged African Americans to register to VOTE
James Meredith- first black to attend University of
Mississippi (all white) had to attend classes with
federal troops 8 million dollars spent to
get him to school
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March on washington
Video: March on Washington
“I have a dream”
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JFK and LBJ
1960-63 JFK- Birmingham made JFK fully supportive as well as his brother that urged him to support
JFK assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald
Medger Evers (civil rights leader) killed (precursor to MLK and Malcom X’s assassination)
1963- 68 LBJ’s Great Society
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LBJ’s accomplishment
24th amendment- ended the poll tax
Selma- MLK and demonstrators also violently attacked here after Birmingham
Civil Rights Act of 1964- prohibited segregation in ALL PUBLIC AREAS
Voting Rights Act of 1965- ensured black suffrage (re-established the 15th amendment)
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black powerMovement fractured into 2: MLK’s nonviolent resistance vs. Black power
means black pride, black is beautiful, more militant but still emphasized “self-defense” more than attack
Black Panthers- organization of young black men which addressed police brutality
carried shotguns “pick up the gun”
but also set up medical clinics, afterschool programs
leaders such as Huey Newton even invited to China by Mao
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Black Power
Malcom X- “white man is the devil” “separation than integration” “MLK is weak Uncle Tom” “put him in the cemetery if touched first”
Stokely Carmichael- leader of SNCC converted to black power from non-violence
Long Hot Summers- seires of race riots in LA, Ny, etc
“I could vote, but I still don’t have a job”
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quiz!
Question: Who set precedent of the civil rights movement in the 1950s?
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quiz!
Answer: Rosa Parks or Emmett Till
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quiz!
Question: Name two incidents when black protestors were brutally suppressed by the police.
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quiz!
Answer: Birmingham and Selma
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quiz!
Question: Name any two of the African American civil rights movement leaders
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quiz!
Answer: MLK, Malcom X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton, Medger Evers
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quiz!
Question: Name this person who was one of the leaders of the NAACP and later the first black Supreme Court Justice. He also led the case of Brown v. Board of Education
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quiz!
Answer: Thurgood Marshall