citizen diplomacy summit 2010 final report

8/12/2019 Citizen Diplomacy Summit 2010 Final Report

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U.S. SUMMIT & INITIATIVEFOR GLOBAL CITIZEN DIPLOMACY

U.S. CENTER

FOR

CITIZEN

DIPL MACY IN PARTNERSHIP WITHU.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE | OFFICE OF DIPLOMACY & PUBLIC AFFAIRS

A TEN-YEAR CAMPAIGN TOENSURE AMERICAN CITIZENS ARE:

Aware of global issues,

Able to identify effective methods and partners to address them, and

Have the resources and opportunities to put these ideas and

methods into practice.

AMERICAN CITIZENSPARTNERING WITH THE WORLD TO ADDRESS

GLOBAL CHALLENGES OF THE 21ST CENTURY

PARTNERING WITH THE WORLD TO ADDRESSGLOBAL CHALLENGES OF THE 21ST CENTURY

PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT

REDUCING POVERTY AND DISEASEINCREASING RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS

CREATING A GLOBALLY COMPETENT SOCIETY

ENCOURAGING CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT

ACHIEVING FOOD SECURITY

SECURING U.S. & GLOBAL FINANCIAL SECURITY

20102020 EVERY CITIZEN A DIPLOMAT


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Published in conjunction with the U.S. Center for Citizen DiplomacysU.S. Summit & Initiative for Global Citizen Diplomacy

November 16 19, 2010, Washington DC.

No material in this document may be reproduced without the permission

of the U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy.

November 2010 | U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy

Cover, left to right: Gultori school children in Pakistan read with Greg Mortenson, 2008 National Awards for Citizen

Diplomacy honoree. k-12, ECamp participants. GCY founding fellow Gaya Morris with first graders in Sibbikotane, Senegal.


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Dear Fellow Citizen Diplomats,

This final report has been prepared for the U.S. Summit & Initiative for Global Citizen Diplomacy and sets forth major

steps for a ten-year campaign and agenda for action that, if achieved, will have a lasting impact on the nature of

American society, and most importantly for the next generations of leaders in our country and for our children and

grandchildren. In order to accomplish this, every American needs to be a responsible citizen not only to their local

communities and country, but to the world as well. The ten-year Initiative for Global Citizen Diplomacy will work toensure American citizens are aware of global issues, able to identify effective methods and partners to address them,

and have the resources and opportunities to put these ideas and methods into practice.

No single country or person can solve todays problems alone. Collaboration and cooperation with others

throughout the globe is needed to ensure we are able to preserve the environment, reduce poverty and disease,

increase respect for human rights, create a globally competent society, encourage cultural engagement, achieve food

security, and secure U.S. & global financial security. As citizens of the United States, it is time to create a culture of

global citizen responsibility and take it upon ourselves to make the world a better place.

The 2020 Initiative for Global Citizen Diplomacy Agenda has been developed by over 150 volunteer experts in

international affairs and provides a baseline to measure progress. The agenda is ambitious. However, the Summit

demonstrated there is national and international commitment to work with fellow partners throughout the world to get

the job done.

The agenda would never have been developed without the dedication, leadership, support and hours of volunteer

time provided by the Task Force and Roundtable co-chairs and all their members. These groups exemplify citizen

diplomacy at its very core and provide a model for other citizen diplomacy initiatives in the U.S. and elsewhere. Their

ability to step outside the comfort zone of their own organizations and collaborate with individuals and organizations

they were unfamiliar with or, in some case, compete with for scarce funds, is a testament to their vision and knowledge

that citizen diplomacy has collective power to change the world. The U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy is forever

grateful to these outstanding leaders for the agenda they have put forth and their partnership with us in this yearlong

journey. We also thank our colleagues at the U.S Department of State, who have partnered with us in the planning ofthe Summit and share the belief that government cannot do this alone.

In the coming decade, we welcome opportunities to collaborate together in order to advance the importance of

citizen diplomacy and expand opportunities for more Americans to become citizen diplomats, develop partnerships

with fellow global citizens, and change the world one interaction at a time.

In partnership,

Ann Olsen Schodde David H. Roe, PhD.

President & CEO Chair, Board of Directors

U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy

Derek Forsythe

Summit Task Force & Roundtable Coordinator

U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy


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4 U.S. Summit and Initiative for Global Citizen Diplomacy

TABLE OF CONTENTS

5 Introduction

SECTION 1

7 Task Force Outcomes

11 Roundtable Recommendations

22 Americas Footprint Abroad

SECTION 2

24 Beyond the Summit:

Putting the Ten -Year Initiative into Practice


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5 Every Citizen A Diplomat

INTRODUCTION

U.S. SUMMIT TASK FORCE MEASURABLE OUTCOMES

During the last nine months, ten Task Force groups developed portfolios for the U.S. Summit for Global Citizen

Diplomacy. These groups were comprised of leaders in international affairs with specific expertise in ten areas ofinternational activity in which citizens can be engaged primarily as volunteer citizen diplomats. These areas are:

Business, Community-based Organizations, Development Assistance, Faith-based Organizations, Global Health,

Higher Education, International Cultural Engagement, International Voluntary Service, K-12 Education,

and Youth Service.

Throughout 2010, the Task Forces met to solicit proposals from organizations in these ten areas that

demonstrated best program ideas to be showcased at the Summit. From those submitted, each group selected

ten. In addition, each Task Force created three measurable outcomes in their respective areas, which, over

the next ten years, the U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy will collaboratively monitor, with each group to

assess progress.

U.S. SUMMIT ROUNDTABLE REPORTS

In addition to the Task Force groups, seven Roundtable reports were presented at the U.S. Summit on critical

issues that affect and impact all aspects of citizen diplomacy activity. Leaders in international affairs and citizen

diplomacy compiled these reports, which were determined in several meetings including recommendations

from staff members at the U.S. Department of State. The critical issues are: Citizen Diplomacy Organizations

Throughout the World: Opportunities for Cooperation; Evaluating & Measuring the Impact of Citizen Diplomacy;

The Role of New Media in Advancing Citizen Diplomacy; Citizen Diplomacy on Global Womens Issues; The Role

of States in Global Citizen Diplomacy; Policy Issues for Citizen Diplomacy; and The Role of Citizen Diplomacy inDeveloping Partnerships with Predominantly Muslim Nations.

All reports concluded with a series of recommendations for change and action, which are summarized in this

report. If these changes are to be achieved, they will require large-scale grassroots advocacy efforts and

collaboration with numerous organizations. The USCCD is ready to work with them to achieve the desired

change and success.

Based on the work of both the Task Force groups and the Roundtable reports, the USCCD will work to lead and

convene collaborative efforts that form the major components of a ten-year Initiative for Global Citizen Diplomacy

from 2010-2020. The Task Force outcomes, Roundtable recommendations and other baseline data collected by

the U.S. Center will be used to accomplish the ultimate goal of the ten-year campaign, which is to:

Double the number of Americans engaged in international

activities that address global challenges of the 21st century to

120 million Americans by 2020.


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Global problems require global solutions

that even governments and international

organizations cannot implement on theirown. But great goals can be accomplished

by people, worldwide, joining hands.HER EXCELLENCY MADAME SUZANNE MUBARAK | FIRST LADY OF THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT

YVC volunteers from Hands On Miami help to plant native vegetation.


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TASK FORCE OUTCOMES

BUSINESS

Co-chairs: Keith Reinhard, President & CEO, Business for Diplomatic Action

Peter Tichansky, President, Business Council for International Understanding

Increase the number of American business people involved in mentoring foreign students and business people, in

programs led by the private and public sectors

Examples: Education for Employment Foundation mentoring programs, U.S. Department of State

E-Mentor Corps

Increase the number of American businesses offering their employees some form of corporate service corps

opportunity for engagement

Examples: IBM Corporate Service Corps, Opportunity International Walk a Mile in Her Shoes

Increase the number of opportunities for American business school students to study and learn directly from

business schools and businesses in other countries

Examples: Messiah College International Business Institute, VCU Partnership with India, US-Northern Ireland

Victory Scholarship program

COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS

Co-chairs: Patrick Madden, President & CEO, Sister Cities International

Sherry Mueller, President, National Council for International Visitors

Encourage and recognize those who convene community summits on citizen diplomacy

Conduct survey that will count number of volunteers affiliated with each of the major citizen diplomacy networks

Compile bibliography and list of relevant resources on citizen diplomacy

DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE

Co-chairs: Henrietta Fore, Chairman & CEO, Holsman International

Charles MacCormack, President & CEO, Save the Children

Samuel Worthington, President & CEO, InterAction

Showcase the diversity of ways U.S. citizens can meaningfully engage in development assistance to strengthen

the capacity of individual global development assistance organizations.

Promote programs that collaborate with organizations in the developing world and amplify existing country

efforts

Provide experience stories as told by individual citizen diplomats

Identify increases in successes as reported in annual reports by global development assistance

organizations


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Increase youth and adult engagement and private donor assistance in development assistance.

Format for age specific groups

Engage with social media

Engage with Diplomats in Residence on U.S. university and college campuses

Partner with celebrity ambassadors to elevate awareness and attract engagement

Introduce citizen diplomacy as part of the development assistance communitys approach and elevate the status

of international development assistance.

Introduce citizen diplomacy as a part of development assistance to the U.S. government and international

community

Showcase the professionalized nature of the international development community

Outreach and showcase hybrid organizations

FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATIONS

Co-chairs: Maha ElGenaidi, Founder, President & CEO, Islamic Networks Group

Dee Froeber, President & CEO, Global Institute for Religious & Cultural Diplomacy

Recruit and populate a working team of leaders from 5-10 faith-based/faith-focused global organizations charged

with the mission of recruiting and involving other organizations and individuals to become involved in faith-based

citizen diplomacy.

Recruit and populate a working team charged with building, maintaining, and expanding a national registry of

organizations involved in faith-based/faith-focused citizen diplomacy.

Publicize and offer workshops, seminars, and modules in the art and practice of faith-based citizen diplomacy

designed to give participants the confidence and skills necessary to become effective citizen diplomats and

activists who will then recruit, teach, and lead others to do the same. Curriculum and design will focus on:

Training and education in the core practice of citizen diplomacy;

Training and education for general and context-specific faith-based citizen diplomacy.

GLOBAL HEALTH

Co-chairs: Jeffrey Heck, MD, Executive Director, Shoulder to Shoulder

Yogesh Shah, MD, Associate Dean, Global Health, Des Moines University

Increase impact and improve monitoring and evaluation of US health volunteers worldwide

Strengthen and leverage contributions of US citizens to meet the goals of the Global Health Initiative

Build sustainability through health system strengthening and increased country ownership


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HIGHER EDUCATION

Co-chairs: John Halder, former President, Community Colleges for International Development

Marlene Johnson, Executive Director & CEO, NAFSA

Renewed understanding of the critical role of U.S. higher education in global citizen diplomacy.

Increase support for the critical infrastructure that higher education provides in furthering what mustbe a national priority: supporting the creation of a globally competent and tolerant society.

Internationalization of education in the United States.

Ensure the global competency of U.S. college graduates, with particular emphasis on engaging a

diverse cross-section of students.

Promotion of the United States as a magnet for a diverse pool of international students and scholars, the next

generation of foreign leaders.

INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT

Co-chairs: The Hon. Frank Hodsoll, Principal, Hodsoll & Associates

Amb. Cynthia Schneider, Distinguished Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy, School of Foreign Service,

Georgetown University

Summit showcase of on the order of 10 or more exemplary existing and proposed new international cultural

engagements that demonstrate the importance and effectiveness of these activities in enhancing mutual

understanding, respect, and trust so as to strengthen peace, stability, and social equity, and reduce risks

of conflict.

Increased recognition and support for international cultural engagements that strengthen understanding between

people in different parts of the world.

Measured through media coverage and financial support data.

International and/or national annual awards for best practices under the auspices of the President, Secretary of

State, or a council of notables.

Measures need to be developed for judging best practices.


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INTERNATIONAL VOLUNTARY SERVICE

Co-chairs: Steven Rosenthal, Executive Director, Cross-Cultural Solutions

Steve Vetter, President & CEO, Partners of the Americas

David Caprara, Diecrtor Instiative on International Volunteering and Service, Brookings Institutution.

Foster and improve health, education, and community development in communities throughout the world whileincreasing civic engagement through meaningful, hands-on voluntary service.

Promote citizen diplomacy and global understanding through cultural exchange and relationship building between

individuals and communities throughout the world.

Increase the impact of international voluntary service through promoting research and building capacity for

international volunteer organizations.

K-12 EDUCATION

Co-chairs: Edwin Gragert, Executive Director, iEARN-USA

John Hishmeh, Executive Director, Council on Standards for International Educational Travel

Renee Shull, Director of Education, U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy

Increase the opportunities and number of K-12 students learning and applying World language skills

Promote global competency through the infusion of global perspectives in the majority of state education curricula

for k-12 classrooms.

Promote global understanding through increased participation of K-12 students in international exchanges, study

abroad programs, hosting international students, online educational interactions and other programs that connect

American students to students around the world

YOUTH SERVICE

Co-chairs: Steven Culbertson, President & CEO, Youth Service America

Jess Rimington, Founder & Executive Director, One World Youth Project

Position and empower the children and youth of the world as assets, resources, and partners in community

development, tapping into their amazing energy, commitment, idealism, and creativity.

Improve communities by increasing the scale and diversity of children and youth making substantive contributions

to the worlds health, education, human services, human rights, and the environment.

Imbed service into the educational process of every student, making service the common expectation and the


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EVALUATING AND MEASURING THE IMPACT OF CITIZEN DIPLOMACY

Co-chairs: Dr. Allan Goodman, President & CEO, Institute for International Education

Rick Ruth, Chief of Staff, Office of Policy & Evaluation, Bureau of Education and Cultural Affairs,

U.S. Department of State

Recommendations and Action Steps for the Future

Measuring the full impact of the range of citizen diplomacy programs continues to be a challenge, primarily

because the outcomes of such programs are intangible and difficult to measure. Furthermore, the long-term

impact of such programs typically manifests itself in the future and, in some cases, several years post-

participation in the program.

The impact of international exchanges can be underestimated because it is difficult to measure the far-reaching

effects of interpersonal interaction. This is why it is critical to continue to develop and conduct impact studies.

While some numerous efforts have been made to measure the impact of the range of citizen diplomacy programs,

Additionally, longstanding programs such as the Fulbright program have been evaluated overtime. Further

evaluation and documentation is needed to: identify what is working and what is not working; to leverage lessons

learned for program improvement; to replicate successful program strategies; and to also provide a rationale for

continued support for these types of programs. In-depth evaluation data on such programs can also help improve

programs and increase access for populations that have not traditionally engaged in such activities.

Documenting the impact of citizen diplomacy programs should not be the sole responsibility of a single group:

various stakeholders including program organizers, funders, third party evaluators, and the academic and research

community should collaborate to develop best practices for measuring the impact of citizen diplomacy programs.

In addition to well-established methods such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups, evaluators of citizen

diplomacy programs should also explore the use of newer approaches as the use of social media as a tool for

data collection, and the use of more qualitative approaches such as participatory and action research.

Foster and reinforce a culture of evaluation and accountability, funders of programs should require that evaluation

be a core component of the program from inception to conclusion and beyond, and that a portion of the budget be

devoted to evaluation activities. In the absence of such requirements, many programs carry out evaluations as an after-

thought, thereby missing critical opportunities during the course of the program to collect valuable evaluation data.

There needs to be increased emphasis on and funding for alumni programs to guarantee sustainability of

citizen diplomacy programs and assure lasting impact.

Alumni programs help to build networks that increase the multiplier effect of citizen diplomacy and promote

continued cross-national cultural and educational collaboration, and work exchanges and partnerships.

Alumni programs allow easier access to program participants, making longitudinal quantitative and

qualitative evaluation data easier to collect


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Historicallythe most effective public

diplomacy tool in our arsenal has been our

people-to-people exchanges.KAREN HUGHES | FORMER UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE FOR PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS

Tom Sleigh (USA) teaches students at Dadaab Camp, Kenya (June, 2009) - International Writing Program, University of Iowa.


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CITIZEN DIPLOMACY ON GLOBAL WOMENS ISSUES

Co-chairs: Kerri Kennedy, Executive Director, Womens Campaign International

Marjorie Margolies, President & CEO, Womens Campaign International

This Roundtable has developed a series of recommendations for possible techniques through which to achieve

increased citizen diplomacy in the realm of womens issues.

Continue to utilize social media

Social media has proven extremely effective in gaining large support systems in relatively short amounts of

time. The ability to make an impact by simply pushing a button carries enormous weight in our fast-paced

world. The case of Iranian woman Sakineh Mohammed Ashtiani, sentenced to death by stoning earlier this

year, has become a global media sensation that has utilized Facebook and Twitter to gain the support of

thousands, including many celebrities, continuously updating her supporters on the injustices suffered by

Sakineh and her loved ones. This has not only increased the visibil ity of one womans sufferings, but has

educated thousands on the state of women in Iran today.

Create straightforward, informative, and creative awareness campaigns.

The average citizen is not aware of the positive domino effect that the empowerment of women can trigger.

Awareness campaigns need to not just focus on the moral right of a woman to receive an education or have

access to prenatal care, but also on the influence that this educated and healthy woman has both on her own

community and, when combined with the forces of other such women, on the international community. It is

vital that citizens are aware that giving to an organization working to address womens issues does much

more than simply improve the lives of a small group of women. Awareness campaigns should stress the

longevity and far-reaching effects of empowering women.

Facilitate direct contact with women in need.

Connecting citizens with international women is the most powerful way to make an individual understand

the magnitude of womens issues. No one can tell someones story better than the subject themselves, and

videos that interview local women and display their families and homes are an unparalleled method for moving citizens

to action. Even more powerful are programs that directly connect local women with mentors in the United States.

Conferences and mentor programs that connect women around the world need to be more heavily broadcast so that

American citizens are aware of the direct impact that their fellow citizens are making.

Make fundraising efforts flexible and relatable to the average citizen.

Beyond educating citizens about the far-reaching effects of addressing womens issues, it is vital thatwomens organizations make their work relatable to American citizens. With the myriad of different causes

vying for peoples attention, one cannot count on individuals to devote time or funds to an effort that they do

not feel pertains to their busy lives. Today, with so many families sending their loved ones overseas, efforts in

Iraq and Afghanistan may be able to gain more support. Agriculturally oriented communities may be more apt

to give to programs addressing rural womens issues. Business students may feel particularly compassionate

towards budding women entrepreneurs. It is essential for organizations to recognize their target audience

and demonstrate that their work is relevant to the lives of those whose assistance they seek.


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Organizations should also use flexible fundraising options that allow for tiered levels of giving. Different

citizens will want to give different amounts of funds, and organizations should facilitate this whenever

possible. Fundraising events with different priced tickets and tiered amounts of giving allow individuals to

enter at a level that works for them, while also educating them about the issue.

Raise funds and spread awareness through the sale of tangible goods.

Many people are more likely to donate to a campaign if they are purchasing a good that relates to theirdonation. Many organizations have found success in selling jewelry or bags that were made by local

women or carry a message that represents the work that they are doing. This provides the opportunity for

organizations to not only raise funds, but also to spread awareness, as individuals who are wearing these

locally made goods will attract the attention of others and educate them about the cause. The facilitated sale

of locally made goods also acts as an incentive for local women who will be motivated by the knowledge that

the product of their hard work has found a place in the international market.

NEW MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY IN CITIZEN DIPLOMACY

Co-chairs: David Nassar, CEO & Founder, Hotspot Digital

Anoush Tatevossian, Director, Projects & Partnerships, MobileActive.org

Develop mobile phone-based citizen diplomacy programs to reach

wider audiences.

Even more than the web-enabled PC, the mobile phone allows people of the world to connect and has begun

to bridge the modern problem of the digital divide. Most recent statistics reveal that there are currently 5

billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide (as compared to 1.8 billion internet users worldwide), and two-

thirds of those are people living in the developing world bringing into reach some of the previously most

disconnected populations & communities on earth. The Ushahidi 4636 program in Haiti for example would not

have worked without the widespread use of mobile phones in that country. Increasingly, when creating citizen

diplomacy programs, phones need to be the platform of choice. However, barriers include the complex

pricing (mobile phone fees are extremely expensive in some countries) and technical disparities between

mobile platforms & operators in various countries. Government and business leaders should play an role in

advocating for more fair mobile practices with regard to pricing and taxes, and interoperability so to more

easily allow for social and humanitarian initiatives over mobile.

Governments, corporations and civil society should promote the importance of open

Internet access globally.An open accessible Internet helps people reach across borders to establish social, business and educational

relationships. Business and government stand to gain far more from the opportunities present in an open

environment than they do in a closed one. Advocacy efforts to develop global/regional policies that demand

a free and open Internet should be well funded by both business and government and where they dont exist,

should be created. Multinational corporations need to play a leading role in this regard, rather than sitting on

the sidelines or worse, assisting countries in shutting down or closing off access.


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Support global digital literacy.

There is still a great digital divide between communities with effective access to digital and information

technology, and those with very limited or no access at all. Programs that work to improve access, and

focus on training and teaching digital literacy and media skills should be supported (either through prioritizing

this area of work for governmental international aid funding, or through support of NGO initiatives such as

GeekCorps). If people around the world are well versed and comfortable using new technologies, then citizen

diplomacy initiatives can be easily implemented and more widely accessible.

Invest in facilitating on-line simultaneous or near-simultaneous translation.

The language barrier is one of the most significant technical obstacles to more connections between people

from different nations around the world. There are obvious business reasons to facilitate the development of

this technology, and President Obama has said that finding the solution for this is one of the big ideas needed

for the 21st century. Naturally, there are social and specifically citizen diplomacy benefits to be had as well.

The corporate world and the government world will have to drive the research, but organizations doing citizen

diplomacy could be helpful in testing software and possibly, such as in the case of LiveMocha even in playing a role

as human translators to support machine translation. Imagine a project whereby people used machine translation

but if they ran into a problem they could chat with a live person who would check the machine translation?

Make more strategic use of available video-conferencing technologies.

More strategic and nationwide attempts should be designed to more effectively utilize videoconferencing and

virtual exchanges for citizen diplomacy. For example, public schools could regularly schedule an hour once

a month to connect with a school abroad. These on-camera virtual exchanges would provide an opportunity

for students here and abroad to establish more solid linkages, as they allow simultaneous and personal/

visual communication. The same applies to building linkages virtually between professional networks here

and abroad. In addition to the many freely available desktop technologies (Skype, Google Voice, etc.), we

recommend that citizen diplomacy programs also explore forming partnerships with enterprise/private sectorcompanies (Cisco, etc.) to design programs which utilize their highly developed and robust videoconferencing

platforms during off-work hours.

New media tools should be incorporated more quickly into existing citizen

diplomacy programs.

Much of the work we discovered being done is being run by organizations that have developed in the last

one to three years. More established organizations with deeper resources could bring their weight to bear on

effective programming that utilizes new media. Several classic or analog citizen diplomacy efforts, such as

professional networks, could be greatly enhanced by adopting new media tools, if implemented strategically.

Program funders should demand new media fluency.

Until the primary funders of citizen diplomacy programs require that the organizations developing and

implementing these projects demonstrate fluency in new media, most efforts will remain with the young,

entrepreneurial organizations.

CREATE AN ONLINE MARKETPLACE OF OPPORTUNITIES.

Where people interested in participating in programs can search a program listing based on their interest or

can post what they are interested in doing and groups that are looking for volunteers can find them. USCCD

currently offers something like this but it needs more participants to be effective.


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Establish a working group to determine best practices.

Because this field is so new and most of the groups doing it effectively are less than five years old, it is

suggested that a working group be established made up of the new organizations and some of the older

organizations that have more experience in citizen diplomacy but much less in new media. The working

group should identify an academic to work with them to report on, analyze and evaluate the effectiveness

of their programs to determine best practices. This working group could also include representatives from

technology providers so that they can also learn how their tools are being used and how they might be

improved.

Identify common standards.

Given the limited use of new media for citizen diplomacy purposes, there are little to no standards for how it

should be used. Issues may include best practice for running or moderating online discussion groups, basic

standards and awareness of international telecommunications laws, appropriate use and dissemination or

endorsement of commercial or open-source technologies internationally, etc. We recommend developing a

document that outlines appropriate standards of behavior for the field.

THE ROLE OF THE STATES IN GLOBAL CITIZEN DIPLOMACY

Chair: The Honorable Barbara Lawton, Lieutenant Governor, State of Wisconsin

A Networking Model for States: Moving from Ad Hoc to Sustained Engagement

We recommend an innovative interactive web portal for international planning and networking statewide. It

will include a web-based map capable of displaying a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the states

global presence, international actors, and calendar of events. This network will be housed in the university

system, a stable institution that will lend continuity and stability to the project.

LEVERAGING THE NATIONAL GUARD STATE PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM: A STATE

PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK

This recommendation calls for expanding the current SPP to develop a framework, authorized and embraced

by federal and state governments, capable of connecting and integrating individual citizen and institutional

capacity for genuine diplomacy towards the ends of higher-level contributions to national security strategies.

This State Partnership Framework includes a broad spectrum of human endeavor that underwrites fulfilling

the aspirations of self-governed civil societies committed to sustainable peace and prosperity.

This framework will bridge interagency efforts with all fifty states through the revered National

Guard. With that wider frame, we can expand the corps of citizen diplomats beyond citizen-soldiers

to initiate and sustain commercial, civic and intellectual relationships in countries around the world.


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Continue to build language proficiency

All concerned parties higher education, the K-12 community, the Departments of State, Defense, and

Education, and federal and state legislatures must sustain and expand current efforts to increase U.S.

proficiency in critical languages. Elements of this effort should include a robust mechanism to draw public

attention to U.S. national needs and current opportunities and increased resources from all players, focusing

especially on expanding the pipeline of young learners and overseas immersion programs.

Visas and U.S. Arrival

Congress and the Department of State need to expand consular access by opening new posts, especially in

the highest volume countries: Brazil, India, China, and Russia. New posts should be located in cities with high

volumes of visa applicants, and where broad U.S. interests will be best served.

U.S. consular posts need to regain authority to waive personal appearance, under clear guidelines developed

in consultation with the State Departments leadership and the Bureau of Consular Affairs.

Frequent travelers those who have fulfilled the terms of their visas without status violations should be

issued visas without additional interviews for a period of three years, an expansion of the current one-year

grace period.

DHS should maintain and enforce high standards of courtesy by its officials at ports of entry, to ensure that

unpleasant arrival experiences do not diminish foreign impressions of the United States.

Consular Affairs should work with EducationUSA to promote study in the U.S. and to reinforce the fact that

more student visa applications are approved than denied. This collaboration has been successfully piloted in

China and India, where wait times and approval rates are provided to potential applicants and where numbers

of incoming students continue to increase.

Use of technology

The Department of State, NGOs, and academic institutions at all levels need to use technology to deepen

and enhance the impact of physical exchange, and to use technology to raise international awareness among

U.S. students.

The U.S. should set a goal of linking every American school with another somewhere in the world by 2016.

Enhanced Program Models

All those involved in citizen diplomacy the NGO, academic, and private sectors, and the U.S. government

need to incorporate the results of recent studies of learning in program design, considering new and/or

enhanced program models that include elements will that deepen impact and expand participation.


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THE ROLE OF U.S. CITIZEN DIPLOMACY IN DEVELOPING PARTNERSHIPSWITH PREDOMINANTLY MUSLIM NATIONS

Co-chairs: Stephen Grand, Director, US Relations with the Islamic World, Brookings Institution

Randa Fahmy Hudome, President, Fahmy Hudome International

Making partnerships with Muslim world a high priority

Given the strategic importance of improving Americas relationship with the Muslim world, building bridges

and partnerships between citizens of the United States and of predominantly Muslim societies should

be accorded the utmost policy priority. Just as U.S. leaders invested heavily following World War II in

building ties between emerging leaders in the United States and those in Europe and Japan, so today we

need an ambitious undertaking of similar scale and scope drawing on the energies of governments,

private corporations, philanthropic institutions, non-profit organizations and ordinary citizens focused on

predominantly Muslim societies.

Create foundational relationships

Citizen diplomacy efforts should be designed to create foundational relationships, especially among

emerging leaders, as a kind of social capital that should help temper the inevitable disinformation, tension

and even conflict that occur at the political level. Programs should be crafted with the recognition that the

best relationships tend to emerge when the stated goal is not to build a relationship per se, but to solve a

common problem or see the world through another persons eyes.

Base program design on identified best-practice principles

Some basic best-practice principles that should inform program design include:

Make sure relationships are developed on the basis of equality, with agendas for action

developed jointly:

Keep the focus on the depth of the experiences that participants have and the depth of the

relationships they forge;

Measure success in terms of the number of people who are afforded such in-depth experiences

and their ability to translate what they have learned into tangible changes in their own society; and

Ensure that from these programs enduring networks get formed of people working together,

irrespective of borders, to address shared problems.

Target key groups for engagement

Given scarce resources, some key groups to target through citizen diplomacy programs include: youth,

teachers, emerging leaders, civil society leaders, artists and media figures, religious leaders, scientists,business leaders, other professionals and, most crucially, the Muslim American community.

Craft citizen diplomacy programs to take advantage of existing networks

and influencers

In an era of globalization where there often already exist connections among citizens, the challenge is to

craft citizen diplomacy programs that take advantage of existing market forces, trade flows, travel patterns,

media penetration, and social networks to create more numerous and more meaningful interactions between

citizens from the United States and from predominantly Muslim societies.


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Utilize new technology and communication networks to increase engagement

New communications technologies from the Internet and text messaging to social networks and virtual

worlds open up new possibilities for engagement that are particularly promising for citizen diplomacy with

predominantly Muslim societies because they help overcome the barriers of distance, security, politics and

language that often place limits on physical exchanges.

Utilize virtual exchangesThe virtual exchanges that these new technologies enable are most promising and effective as a

complement to direct physical exchanges. They can open peoples eyes to new cultures and entice them to

pack their suitcases and experience for real what they have gotten a taste for on-line. They can also provide

the continued connectivity that makes the once-in-a-lifetime experience of a physical exchange more enduring

allowing acquaintances made across great distances to develop into enduring networks for cooperation.

Expand successful U.S. government programs to engage Muslim world

The U.S. government runs a number of valuable citizen diplomacy programs, like the Peace Corps, the

International Visitors Program, and the Fulbright Program, that should be expanded and updated for the

21st

century as important vehicles for engagement with predominantly Muslim societies. Particular attentionshould be paid to what comes after these exchanges on how robust alumni networks get created and for

what purposes they are deployed. At the same time, given the importance of the challenges we face, there

is also a need for greater experimentation and the development of a second-generation of citizen diplomacy

programs that reflect changed geopolitical realities, employ new technological tools, and are specifically

tailored to the requirements of predominantly Muslim societies.

Encourage a national effort by American citizens to increase

engagement and resources

To be successful, though, the United States efforts to engage with predominantly Muslim societies must

extend far beyond the work of a few well-intentioned U.S. government officials to become a truly national

effort. Like our earlier outreach to Europe and Japan, it must engage the imagination, creativity, and

financial and human resources of U.S. philanthropic organizations, corporations, and ordinary Americans.

The President should issue a call to service for Americans to engage in the kind of partnership building that

he spoke of so eloquently in his Cairo address, with the objective being nothing less than having a million

Americans travel on exchanges or participate in volunteer projects in predominantly Muslim societies over the

next decade. The U.S. government should commit $1 billion to this effort, which should be matched by an

equal $1 billion from the private sector.

Establish a private, not-for-profit organization to provide funding and coordination

of private sector efforts

Congress should consider establishing, with initial U.S. government funding, a private not-for-profit organization

designed to encourage, seed and coordinate private efforts in this area. This entity could become a

community foundation of sorts for advancing Americas relationship with predominantly Muslim societies.


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AMERICAS FOOTPRINT IN THE WORLD

As the U.S. Center strives to measure the impact of citizen diplomacy, one aspect of this is to compile data on the

number of Americans engaging in activities overseas and monitor the growth or decline of each category. This will

become one of many important facets of the ten-year initiative, as it will determine the overall success of the goal of

doubling the number of Americans involved in citizen diplomacy activities.

SECTION 1: AMERICAN POPULATION & PASSPORTS

Total U.S. Population: 304,059, 724 (2008 Census Bureau estimate)

Passports: Around 100 million total U.S. passport holders or 33% of total population

SOURCE: STATE DEPARTMENT, 2008

SECTION 2: INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES ABROAD

Volunteer service abroad: 1,032,780 volunteers | Volunteered 123,873,780 hours worth $2,508,428,399

SOURCE: CENTER FOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS, 2010

Government-sponsored exchanges: 55,298 American participants

Over 2.3 million international participants | SOURCE: IAWG, 2008

Peace Corps: 7,876 SOURCE: PEACE CORPS, 2008

Foreign Service: 12,782 SOURCE: STATE DEPARTMENT, 2008 (INCLUDES STATE DEPARTMENT & USAID)

Higher Education/studying abroad: 262,416 students - compared to 671,616 international students in the U.S.

SOURCE: IIE OPEN DOORS, 2008 ACADEMIC YEAR

High School Exchanges: 2,255 students

SOURCE: CSIET, 2008

Business/Convention: 7.389 million business travelers

SOURCE: OFFICE OF TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRIES, DEPT. OF COMMERCE, 2008

Tourists: 25.832 million

SOURCE: OFFICE OF TRAVEL & TOURISM INDUSTRIES, DEPT. OF COMMERCE, 2008

Faith-based missions: 149,179 congregations sent long-term missions abroad

107,403 congregations sent short-term missions abroad

SOURCE: THE HUDSON INSTITUTE, 2010

Expatriates: Estimated at 5.26 million SOURCE: ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN RESIDENTS OVERSEAS, 2008

Military: 510,539 active personnel are stationed overseas SOURCE: DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, 2008

Total travel outside US borders: 63.6 million Americans

Spending by US residents traveling abroad: $112.3 billion

SOURCE: OFFICE OF TRAVEL & TOURISM INDUSTRIES, INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, 2009


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SECTION 3: INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES AT HOME

Faith-based: A total of 242,000 congregations donated a total of $6.9 billion to US-based international relief

development organizations in 2008


Volunteers involved in an international organization at home: 462,979 volunteersVolunteered 55,770,450 hours | Value of Volunteer Time: $1,129,351,619


*Note: All figures are for 2008

Prepared by the U.S. Center for Citizen Diplomacy | does not account for duplicate data, for generalization purposes only

UPDATED: SEPTEMBER 2010

2010 National Award for Citizen Diplomacy honoree, Richard Webb, discusses stove installation with a Peruvian man.


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interest and commitment in each of these specific areas. The forums will convene Summit Task Force

leaders, organizations from the various top ten best practices, interested individuals, relevant federal officials

and other entities that engage in international affairs to continue to maintain progress, provide updates,

urgent needs, celebrate successes, address critical issues, and continue to advance citizen diplomacy in

their field of work.

Task Force Groups: Measurable Outcomes and Tracking of Ten Best Programs

The three specific and measurable outcomes developed by each of the Task Force groups form a basis upon

which to measure success on an annual basis. The USCCD will maintain contact with those organizations and

individuals involved in the ten top programs to assess how effective the program is at engaging more citizen

diplomats, and, if applicable, include recommendations for improvement from the specific Task Force leaders

and members. This process will allow other organizations in the same sector to utilize these models, learn

from other organizations successes or failures, and enable them to scale effective programs that produce

measurable results.

Documenting Increased Citizen Participation: Americas Footprint Around the World

The USCCD will continue to maintain updates from reliable public and private entities that provide statistics

that quantify how many Americans are engaged in a variety of ways in international activity both at home and

abroad. The USCCD will also engage the international non-profit sector to obtain data on the number of citizens

involved in their programs and activities to locate any growth or decline and the impacts recorded. These

statistics will be included in an annual report beginning in 2011 and each year thereafter. The report will use new

census data as an ongoing baseline data. See current document, Americas Footprint Around the World.

It is known how many Americans are leaving our borders, how many are going overseas, and where they are

going, but what is not available or currently underway is a coordinated effort to obtain data and information

on what actions citizen diplomats are engaging in. This research will become a key component of the ten-yea

initiative, so each area of citizen diplomacy can be effectively analyzed in order to determine where there is

an overabundance of volunteers or activity that may be more detrimental than positive, as well as areas that

dont have enough volunteers to have sustain long-term, constructive impacts. Based on this research and

data, the USCCD will then mobilize its established networks, Task Force and Roundtable members,

and other active participants to develop recommendations and provide methods and strategies to execute

these recommendations.

World Summit on Global Citizen

The USCCD has begun to hold preliminary meetings with similar counterpart organizations throughout the

world to explore the potential of holding a World Summit on Global Citizen Diplomacy sometime in 2012,

in collaboration with the British Council and other similar international organizations. The goal of such an

international meeting would be to bring together similar private and public organizations around the world

committed to the concept of citizen diplomacy to form an international network of global citizen diplomats

and resources. The potential these networks have to effectively address the global challenges of the

21st Century is unlimited with the resources that even one individual can bring to the discussion table.


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Utilizing Technology to Engage More Citizen Diplomats at Home and Abroad

The USCCD will continue to take advantage of new and innovative technology to increase engagement among

citizen diplomats, international organizations and other interested parties throughout the ten-year campaign.

A redesigned website, complete with various tools for engagement, has been created to provide citizen

diplomats a variety of avenues through which to connect with international opportunities that include: all

fields of citizen diplomacy, relevant organizations, current events, forums and conferences, and inspirational

stories from fellow citizen diplomats about their travels and encounters around the world. The USCCDs

website and communications strategy allows for two-way conversations with citizen diplomats and individuals

around the world, rather than telling them what is best for them to do. This allows citizen diplomats to share

their observations in the field, what they would like to see happen, and how to best accomplish overcoming

global challenges. This two-way engagement via new technology enhances open sharing of information, best

practices, research, collaboration, and methods of increasing the number and the impact of citizen diplomats

around the world and in the United States.

Non-profit Leadership Training and Best Practices Institute

The USCCD will assess the need and explore organizational partners to create a leadership training and

best practices institute to serve international non-profit organizations of all kinds with the goal of enabling

these organizations to provide long-term, cost-effective programs that enhance leadership capacity and

effectiveness and develop committed future leaders in the international, non-profit sector.


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The U.S. Summit for Global Citizen Diplomacy was made possible by the following

generous sponsors and contributors. We celebrate these gifts and express our gratitude

for the impact theyve had, now and long into the future.

IN KIND CONTRIBUTORS

The Honorable Charles T. Manatt

Saturation Productions

PRESIDENTIAL SPONSORS

In support of the USCCD Web site and the

2010 National Awards for Citizen Diplomacy honorees

CORPORATE DIPLOMAT SPONSOR

Anonymous Family Foundation

GLOBAL CITIZEN DIPLOMAT SPONSORS

In support of International Cultural Engagement Task Force

CITIZEN DIPLOMAT SPONSOR

DIPLOMAT SPONSORS

In support of International

Cultural Engagement Task Force

In support of International Cultural

Engagement Task Force in partnership with

the National Endowment for the Arts

In support of K-12 Education Task Force

FRIEND OF THE SUMMIT |NON-PROFIT SPONSOR

TH

ANKY

OU


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citizen diplomacy summit 2010 final report

Documents