Cite-It-Right

Section 1: Elisa SzeSection 2: Kathleen Scheaffer

Section 3: Seamus Ross

September 2012

Adapted by Elisa Sze & Kathleen Scheaffer, from an earlier workshop designed by Joe Cox

For more Information Services workshops, visit:

www.ischool.utoronto.ca/workshops

Figure 1. The Inforum. Image source: T. Caswell, n.d. Retrieved from: http://www.ischool.utoronto.ca/services/inforum-is. Copyright by Faculty of Information.

Agenda

• Why Cite?• Code of Behaviour on Academic

Matters• How to Avoid Plagiarism• Standard Documentation Formats• Citation Management Tools• Help with Citations• Questions & Workshop Evaluation

Why Cite?

• Not punitive• Knowledge

development• Scholarly

communication• Professional

obligationFigure 2. Replica of Sir Isaac Newton’s telescope of 1672. Image source: “Newton’s Telescope Replica”, A. Dunn, 2004. Retrieved from: http://commons. wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NewtonsTelescopeReplica.jpg. Copyright by A. Dunn. Use permitted under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic license.

What is Plagiarism?Plagiarism is “the action or practice of taking someone else's work, idea, etc., and passing it off as one's own; literary theft” (OED Online, 2012 June).

Figure 3. “An illustrative example of plagiarism,” by durova, 2008. Retrieved from: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Plagiarism.jpg. Public domain image.

Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters

University of Toronto, Governing Council, 1995

www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/policies/behaveac.htm

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on Academic

Matters

“The University and its members have a responsibility to ensure that a climate which might encourage, or conditions which might enable, cheating, misrepresentation or unfairness not be tolerated” (University of Toronto, Governing Council, 1995, § B).

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on Academic

Matters“To this end, all must acknowledge that seeking credit or other advantages by fraud or misrepresentation, or seeking to disadvantage others by disruptive behaviour is unacceptable, as is any dishonesty or unfairness in dealing with the work or record of a student” (University of Toronto, Governing Council, 1995, § B).

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on

Academic Matters“Wherever in this Code an offence is described as depending on ‘knowing’, the offence shall likewise be deemed to have been committed if the person ought reasonably to have known” (University of Toronto, Governing Council, 1995, § B).

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on

Academic Matters§ B.i.1.

“It shall be an offence for a student knowingly ….

“(d) to represent as one’s own any idea or expression of an idea or work of another in any academic examination or term test or in connection with any other form of academic work, i.e. to commit plagiarism”

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on

Academic Matters§ B.i.1.

“(e) to submit, without the knowledge and approval of the instructor to whom it is submitted, any academic work for which credit has previously been obtained or is being sought in another course or program of study in the University or elsewhere”

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on

Academic Matters

§ B.i.1. “(f) to submit any academic

work containing a purported statement of fact or reference to a source which has been concocted.”

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on

Academic Matters

§ B.i.2.“It shall be an offence for a

faculty member knowingly: “(a) to approve any of the

previously described offences”

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on

Academic Matters§ B.i.4.

“A graduate of the University may be charged with any of the above offences committed knowingly while he or she was an active student, when, in the opinion of the Provost, the offence, if detected, would have resulted in a sanction sufficiently severe that the degree would not have been granted at the time that it was.”

University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on

Academic Matters

Sanctions are outlined in § C and Appendix C. They may include:

0 on the assignment(for assignments worth 10% or

less of the final grade)

Reduction of the final grade

0 as the final grade in the course

Denial of privileges to use University facilities

Record of offence on academic transcript

Suspension

Expulsion

Cancellation of degree

Pál Schmitt, President of Hungary, 2010-2012 (Resigned)Figure 4. Portrait of the former President of Hungary. Adapted from “Pál Schmitt, Hungarian politician in a meeting with José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero,” by La Moncloa, 2011. Retrieved from: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:P%C3%A1l_Schmitt_%282011%29.jpg. Public domain image.

Sampling or Plagiarism?

Queen. (2011). Under pressure – ft. David Bowie [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/CnTFNsmToHg

Vanilla Ice. (2009). Ice ice baby [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/rog8ou-ZepE

How to Avoid Plagiarism

• References/Works Cited/Bibliography AND in-text citations

• Use quotations as appropriate• Paraphrase carefully• Be clear in distinguishing your ideas

from those you are citing

How to Avoid Plagiarism

• Take notes carefully and fully• Over cite rather than under cite• Use common knowledge judiciously

“Common knowledge” or not?

… is the Prime Minister of Canada.”

… is the greatest Prime Minister that Canada has ever had.”

… led the Conservative Party to win 166 of 308 House of Commons seats in the May 2, 2011 general election.”

Figure 5. Stephen Harper. Adapted from: “Stephen Harper – World Economic Forum Annual Meeting Davos 2010,” by R. Steinegger, 2010. Retrieved from www.flickr.com/photos/ 15237218@N00/4313730148. Copyright 2010 by the World Economic Forum. Use permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic licence.

“

What to Cite

• All published materials, regardless of format

• Quotations• Specific facts and statistics, tables

and figures• Paraphrases• Summaries

What to Cite

• Ideas or opinions• Photos, paintings, sculptures• Designs, logos, templates• Code, coding regimens, standards• Lectures• E-mails, letters, phone calls

How to Cite

• No single preferred style at the iSchool

• Find out from each of your instructors as to which style they prefer for assignments

• Be consistent in style use within a single work

Standard Documentation Formats

APA

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.

• Print: Inforum, Reference: 808.02 P976P6 2nd printing

• Unofficial guide by Purdue OWL: owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/

• Free “Cite in APA” workshop: www.ischool.utoronto.ca/workshops/2012/cite-apa

APA

In-text citation

One study found that numerous psychological factors protect athletes from the negative effects of stress (Fletcher & Sarkar, 2012).

APA

References

Fletcher, D. and Sarkar, M. (2012). A grounded theory of psychological resilience in Olympic champions. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 13(5), 669-678.

MLA

Modern Language Association of America. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 7th ed. New York: MLA, 2009. Print.

• Print: Inforum, Reference 808.02 G437M7

• Unofficial guide by Purdue OWL: owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/11/

MLA

In-text citation

One study found that numerous psychological factors protect athletes from the negative effects of stress (Fletcher and Sarkar 672).

MLA

Works Cited

Fletcher, David and Sarkar, Mustafa. “A Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic Champions.” Psychology of Sport & Exercise 13.5 (2012): 669-678. Print.

Chicago

Chicago Manual of Style. 16th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.

• Print: Inforum, Reference 808.02 U58M16 • Full online manual:

go.utlib.ca/cat/6662347 (Our Faculty contributes to this U of T subscription)

Chicago (Author-Date)

In-text citation

One study found that numerous psychological factors protect athletes from the negative effects of stress (Fletcher and Sarkar 2012, 672).

Chicago (Author-Date)

References or Works Cited

Fletcher, David and Mustafa Sarkar. 2012. “A Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic Champions.” Psychology of Sport & Exercise 13 (5): 669-678.

Chicago(Notes-Bibliography)

Footnote/endnote

One study found that numerous psychological factors protect athletes from the negative effects of stress.1

1 David Fletcher and Mustafa Sarkar, “A Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic Champions,” Psychology of Sport & Exercise 13, no. 5 (2012): 672.

Chicago(Notes-Bibliography)

Bibliography

Fletcher, David and Mustafa Sarkar. “A Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic Champions.” Psychology of Sport & Exercise 13, no. 5 (2012): 669-678.

Turabian

Turabian. Kate L. A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Chicago Style for Students and Researchers. 7th ed. Revised by Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams, and University of Chicago Press Editorial Staff. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.

• Print: Inforum Reference 808.02 T929M7• Online quick guide:

www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian/turabian_citationguide.html/

Turabian (Parenthetical References-Reference List)

In-text citationOne study found that numerous psychological

factors protect athletes from the negative effects of stress (Fletcher and Sarkar 2012, 672).

ReferencesFletcher, David and Mustafa Sarkar. 2012. A

Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic Champions. Psychology of Sport & Exercise 13, no. 5: 669-678.

Turabian (Notes-Bibliography)

Footnote/endnoteOne study found that numerous psychological factors protect athletes from the negative effects of stress.1

1 David Fletcher and Mustafa Sarkar, “A Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic Champions,” Psychology of Sport & Exercise 13, no. 5 (2012): 672.

BibliographyFletcher, David and Mustafa Sarkar. “A Grounded

Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic Champions.” Psychology of Sport & Exercise 13, no. 5 (2012): 669-678.

Citation Management Tools

RefWorks

• Account creation: refworks.scholarsportal.info OR www.library.utoronto.ca Research Tools & utilities RefWorks

• Group code: RWToronto• Free workshop:

resource.library.utoronto.ca/workshops/

Zotero

• Open source Firefox browser extension: www.zotero.org

• Free workshop: www.ischool.utoronto.ca/workshops/2012/citation-with-zotero

WizFolio

• Register at: wizfolio.com/Pages/Registration.aspx

• Free workshop: www.ischool.utoronto.ca/workshops/2012/citation-with-wizfolio

EndNote

• Free EndNote Web account: http://go.utlib.ca/cat/7912027 Go to My EndNote Web

• U of T LibGuide on how to use EndNote: http://guides.library.utoronto.ca/endnoteweb

Help with Citations

At the St. George Campus

• Writing Centre www.writing.utoronto.ca

• English Language and Writing Support (ELWS), School of Graduate Studieswww.sgs.utoronto.ca/informationfor/students/english

Online Help

• Purdue OWL: owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/

• LibGuides on citation: guides.library.utoronto.ca/cat.php?cid=27434 – Guides are created by librarians from

across the University of Toronto Libraries system

Information Services @ the iSchool

Visit the Inforum, or make an appointment with a librarian.

Inforum (4th floor)416.978.7060help.ischool@utoronto.cahttp://www.ischool.utoronto.ca/services/inforum-is

Figure 6. Inforum information desk. Image source: Information Services. Copyright: Faculty of Information

Writing workshops:• The Thesis Statement• Writing Clearly and Concisely

Writing workshops:• The Thesis Statement• Writing Clearly and Concisely

Quiz Solutions

Questions & Workshop Evaluation

References

Caswell, T. (n.d.). The Inforum [Photograph]. Retrieved from: http://www.ischool.utoronto.ca/services/inforum-is

De Voss, D. and Rosati, A. (2002). “It wasn’t me was it?” Plagiarism and the Web. Computers and Composition, 19: 191-203.

Dunn, A. (2004). Newton’s telescope replica [Photograph]. Retrieved from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NewtonsTelescopeReplica.jpg

Durova. (2008). An illustrative example of plagiarism [Photograph]. Retrieved from: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Plagiarism.jpg.

Information Services. (n.d.). Inforum information desk [Photograph]. Faculty of Information, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.

La Moncloa. (2011). Pal Schmitt, Hungarian politician in a meeting with José Luis Rodriguez Zapatero [Photograph]. Retrieved from: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:P%C3%A1l_Schmitt_%282011%29.jpg

OED Online. (2012 June). "plagiarism, n.". Oxford University Press. Retrieved from: www.oed.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/view/Entry/144939?redirectedFrom=plagiarism.

Prescott, S. (1999). “Communication of knowledge”. Retrieved from: http://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/mjm/v05n02/v05p067/v05p067main.htm#ref1

“President of Hungary Resigns Amid Allegations That He Plagiarized Doctoral Thesis”. (2012 April 2). The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from: http://chronicle.com/blogs/global/president-of-hungary-resigns-amid-allegations-that-he-plagarized-doctoral-thesis/32720

Queen. (2011). Under pressure – ft. David Bowie [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/CnTFNsmToHg

RefWorks. (2009). Retrieved from: http://www.refworks.com/content/products/content.asp

References

Steinegger, R. (2010). Stephen Harper – World Economic Forum annual meeting Davos 2010 [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.flickr.com/photos/15237218@N00/4313730148.

Suarez, M. F., Woudhuysen, S.J. and Woudhuysen, H.R. (Eds.). (2010). "plagiarism" . In The Oxford Companion to the Book. Oxford University Press. Retrieved from: www.oxfordreference.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t290.e3751

Thomson Reuters. (2012). EndNote. Retrieved from: http://endnote.com

University of Toronto, Governing Council. (1995). Code of behaviour on academic matters. Retrieved from: www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/policies/behaveac.htm

Vanilla Ice. (2009). Ice ice baby [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/rog8ou-ZepE

WizFolio. (2010). Retrieved from: http://wizfolio.com/#&panel1-1

Zotero. (n.d.). Retrieved from: http://www.zotero.org