cii sohrabji godrej green business centre-case study
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© Confederation of Indian Industry
®
Architectural Case StudyAugust 2012
by Sunanda SubramanianStudent of Architecture BMSCE, Bangalore
© Confederation of Indian Industry
®
The First LEED Platinum Rated Building in India –
CII Godrej GBC
It offers advisory services to the
Industry in the areas of :
• Green buildings
• Energy Efficiency
• Water Management
• Environmental management
• Renewable energy
• Green business incubation
• Climate change activities
About CII Godrej GBC
© Confederation of Indian Industry
®
Bhumi
(earth)
Jala
(water)
Agni
(fire) Vaayu
(air )
Aakash
(void)
Pancha Bhutas ancient belief states that life exists because of the presence and
balance of the five classical elements
� They are associated with the five senses
� They act as the gross medium for the experience of sensations
The Concept :What derives itself from nature returns to it.
This is applied in the practice of Architecture:
� a building gives back to nature even as it takes from it
� thus reducing the ecological footprint
An attempt to make a positive change in design by
Reducing the negative impact on the environment in terms of:
Use of materials Water Management
Energy Efficiency Sustainability
Natural Ventilation Reuse and Recycle
Renewable Energy Effective Land Use
Ecological footprint Carbon Footprint
Socio Cultural Response etc
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®
� Using processes that are environmentally responsible and
resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle:
from cradle to grave
� Expanding and complementing the classical building design in
matters of economy, utility, durability, and comfort
� Designing to reduce the overall impact of the built-up
environment on human health and the natural environment by:
1. Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
2. Protecting occupants’ health and improving productivity
3. Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation
4. Ensuring sustainability
5. Natural building - use of natural materials available locally.
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� Wind direction
Summer Winter
Annual
Mean
Temp
Monthly
Mean
Temp
Max Temp
Ever
Recorded
Min Temp
Ever
Recorded
26 ^C 21-32 ^C 45.5^C 8 ^ C
Combination of
tropical wet and
dry climate
- borders on a
hot semi-arid
climate
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Residential
Commercial
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MAIN
CAMPUS
• Located on the flattest zone on site- least
interference to site features during construction
•Easy access from Main Road
•Centrally located on site
•Scope to create buffers surrounding the building
for effective design according to site climate
•Less prone to pollution
Water
Located at the lowest
region of the site for
maximum accumulation
using existing site
drainage pattern
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®
AIR POLLUTION
NOISE POLLUTION
Max
MinMaximum exposure to
pollution- North and West
boundaries of the site,
along the main roads
Max
Min
ROUGH ESTIMATE-NOT
PLOTTED TO ACCURACY
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ValleyRidge
Natural Drainage
pattern utilized to
harvest rain water
at point of maximum
accumulation
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Warm breeze that picks
up heat from the vast
expanse of barren land in
the surroundings
Cooled by the presence
of Greenery and further
by the water body to the
North
Harsh west heat filtered and partially blocked by the landscape and the plantations in the west
Orientation of the buildings capitalize on
all favorable conditions on site and
measures have been taken to fix the
problems on site
WINTER
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Warm breeze from the
South West gets
filtered and cooled by
the presence of lush
greenery
Cooled air is retained
and circulated within
the site and prevented
from escaping by
landscape on all sides
There is circulation of
wind within the site
along the circular
exteriors of the
building- easy flow
SUMMER
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN
(contd…)
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®
� Main entrance located at the main road� Surrounded by Medium Rise commercial buildings
(under construction)
TO MAIN GATE
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� The main building has direct access from the main road,
� But the entrance to it is from the inside to ensure privacy and security
Gate
The main gate opens to a long driveway with
lush greenery on both sides creating
EMPHASIS to the entrance
Security
Cabin
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•Bicycle riders are treated preferentially - convenient parking,
lockers, shower cleaning
•30 % of employee transportation: carpools, bicycles, and LPG
cars
•Use of battery operated vehicles encouraged - Charging
stations available
• The documented reduction of harmful emissions achieved is
62 %
•Encourage building occupants to minimize their reliance on
fossil fuel-based transportation.
BUS
STOP
•Building located near a public
transport station.
Charging
Station
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Separation of
Pedestrian and
Vehicular movement
for easy circulation
Emphasis of the
Entrance by a
large projected
overhang/
portico
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BUILT VS UNBUILT AREA
• Site Area : 5 acres
Built Up Area : 20000 sq ft
• Building footprint: Only 9.2% of site
• Minimum disturbance to the existing
site features
• Large area for landscape to enhance
micro climate and for visual delight
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� Zoning done by HIERARCHY in terms of PRIVACY
� PUBLIC- Reception, Library� SEMI PUBLIC – Administration,
Office for employees� SEMI PRIVATE – Seminar hall� PRIVATE - Conference rooms,
Cabins for Senior Executives� COMMON AREAS – for
circulation and gathering
Linear AccessUnity
Convergence Central
Organization
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Arrows indicate Circulation
within the building,
surrounding the Central
Courtyard along colonnaded
corridors
Circulation Scheme
encourages
interaction
Recessed
Staircase to first
floor
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®
•Arrangement of spaces according to size to
create balance
•Courtyard as central Focal Point
•Use of green spaces to fill in voids between
solidsConvergence of individual spaces to the
Central Court, binding them together
Everything acquires rounded edges, soft forms,
and thus forms a closer association
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®
� Minimal damage during construction and occupancy, to the natural elements of water flow, air quality, vegetation, and topography
� The built form responds to the rocky site. � Small footprint, design retains site contours and
existing boulders. � "Contour trenching" adopted to avoid erosion and
sedimentation.� During construction, barricades were installed to
prevent contaminants from spreading to surrounding areas.
� Care has been taken not to disturb the activities of a temple nearby
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� The spatial and formal elements around a courtyard create
introverted blueprint.
� Courtyard space was not rigidly fixed but could be adaptable depending on the time of day, season
� Its mood changed with varying degrees of light and shade, and
with them the ambience
� Centrally located, serves as visual anchor.. It was the spatial,
social, and environment control center of the home.
� By building them around a central open space ensured
close relationships between separate units
� Brought in an additional usable space within the living space.
In history : Haveli, Wada, Deori , Nalukettu, Totti mane. etc
Traditional gathering
place for intellectual
encounters and cultural
functions.
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Introverted courtyard
The axis mundi -
the axis of creation
Inside Yet
outside
Stay connected
to nature
Court yard acts as the
energy centre, also the
communication
centre
Centre creates a centrifugal effect,
Parts of the design spring apart, try
to escape from the centre, but
are caught and held together again
by a bracket, a round canopy over
the connecting route.
Exploded
geometry
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NIGHT
NIGHT DAY
A PATTERN OF SOLIDS AND VOIDS
As the courts progress in and out from the exterior structure, they
form a pattern of negative and positive spaces
MECHANICS OF A COURTYARD
Courtyard functions as a convective thermostat and gives protection from extremes of
weather. The total number of courtyards in one residence could sometimes be five to six.
The courtyards act as
"light wells,"
illuminating adjacent
work areas
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Colonnaded corridors
surrounding the courtyard
convey a sense of Rhythm
and Movement
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SHADE
Shade
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� Like most olden systems of construction, structures are
kept ground hugging ensuring natural modulation of
microclimate and creating more interaction with nature
� Gives a sense of being close to nature
vs
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®
Extremely Well Lit
Great collection of
books for reference
during non office
hours!
REC
SEAT
LIB
E LIB
CAFE
Reception desk and library
Library, e library and admin
Seating at the reception
Easy access from main
entrance
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®
OFFICE
SPACELEISURE
OFFICE
SPACE
COURT
YARD
COURT
YARD
COURT
YARD
EXHIBITION
CONFER
ENCE
A
H
U
WIND
TOWER
NORTH
LIGHT
GLAZED
ROOF
Grid like arrangement of desk
spaces
Easy circulation in block organization
Sufficient Diffused Daylight for all areas through
recessed courtyards and North light Glazing
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All workstations
organized
around a central
court
ROOF GARDENCENTRAL COURT
TO ROOF
GARDEN
Naturally lit
throughout
the day
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INFORMAL
GATHERING
SPACE
PARTITION
WALL-
RETRACTABLE
Can be divided
using partition
walls to create
smaller meeting
rooms – flexibility
of spaces
Gathering space
outside for interactive
discussions before and
after seminars
May also be used as
dining space
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� Spaces located in the overlap between inside and
outside create informal spaces for interaction
Transition
Out
In
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� Easy navigation - use of
ramps for circulation
� Wheelchair friendly
washrooms
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� Building layout ensures that 90 % of spaces have daylight
access and views to the outside.
� North facades are glazed for efficient diffused light
� Low heat transmitting glass used
� Double glass to further reduce heat gain
� Natural lighting - no lights are used until late in the evening
� Minimum lux levels for all work stations have been ensured
� Light captured from as many sides possible - the use of courtyards
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North light roof used to naturally light
the entire green technology centre
Natural light ensured in dark
corners by the use of full length
slits for maximum light
All work stations have
ample natural light
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Fully glazed windows help to
light the entire technology
centre
Light may been filtered in meeting
rooms and offices by the use of
shutter curtain panels
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� Allow controlled passage of air and light into the interior space.
� throw patterns of light and shadow on the floor enhancing aesthetics
� Ensure constant flow of breeze into the interior -occupant comfort cools the interiors
� An alternative to costly window construction
� Diffuse the glare of direct sunlight.
Jali walls
at GBC
Traditional Islamic Jali
work
Passage to
washrooms
Courtyard
Exterior wall
of washrooms
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®
RECEPTION GREEN
TECHNOLOGY
CENTRE
MEETING
ROOMS
Each individual space
within the building
supplied with minimum
standard requirements
of illumination for
various activities
MAX( > 300LUX)
ALMOST NIL
(50 - 100 LUX)
MIN ( > 250 LUX)
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MAX( > 300LUX)
ALMOST NIL
(50 - 100 LUX)
MIN ( > 250 LUX)
OFFICE BLOCKSEMINAR HALL
WASHROOMS
Where natural light un
available- washrooms-
sensor lights have been
used to save power
Since the seminar hall is
generally air conditioned
and lit mechanically, only
optimum level of natural
light has been ensured
The office block on the first floor receives
sufficient natural light within even on dull
days by the presence of internal courtyard
and glass windows along all exterior walls
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®
The outside brought
in -COURTYARDS
Greenery and Landscape is proven to be
therapeutic and a stress buster
Influences microclimate and
hence human comfort
Defines and
articulates space
Contributes colour and is a
visual delight
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®
Green cover acts
as modifier of
micro climate
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®
CANOPY TREES
� Create mass from the outside, for a canopied space from the inside
� Trunks imply but do not enclose space � Spaces formed have ceiling, no walls,
only columns � Fairly open at eye level � Tree trunks act as landscape columns
and give architectural character to the site� Modify the natural light quality
Penetrating sunlight adds to the dynamism of the space � Extend lines or rhythm of architecture into exterior
space
Landscaping by
sequential arrangement
of different sizes of
plants for various
effects
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Large Trees Provide Bulk To Plant Mass
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UNDERSTOREY TREES
� Suitable for small, intimate courtyards
� Provide colour, shade without
overpowering the space
� Used as accent plants or focal plants
� Are effective in screening mid or low
angle sun
Frangipani tree
Bamboo
Canon
ball treeThe Buddha Belly
Bamboo tree
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®
SHRUBS� Define and separate spaces
without blocking vision
� Shrubs can effectively unify
a composition
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GROUND COVER• Unify groups of plants into a composition
• Creates edges
• Lead the eye to focal points, building
entries
• Can create lines of visual character
overlapping with paving
• Beneficial in stabilizing slopes,
preventing erosion Large expanse
of ground
cover used to
create focus on
Local craftwork
as landscape
elements
Tree trunks
and columns
lined with
gravel stone
– attention
to detail -
aesthetics
Bio degradable
plastic grass crates
used to hold grass–
easy removal and
maintenance
Defined pathways in
landscape to reduce
disturbance to plant species
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®
A Responsibility Towards
The Environment Creating Awareness –
About green architecture
About the building
About construction
And material, flora and fauna
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Existing rocks used as
sculptural features
Water Has Sensual Value:
• It triggers the mind
• It augments meaning
• It reinforces communication
• It calms the mind and relieves stress
Water is also used
to modify site
climate by
evaporative
cooling
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®
Ashoka Tree Saraca asoca
� Ashoka is one of the most legendary and sacred trees of India
� Ashok means without grief or that which gives no grief
Coral Jasmine
Nycthanthes arbortistis
•Tree of Sorrow
•The tree flowers only at night and sheds them like
tear drops before the sun rises
•Leaf is rough and the abrasive nature of the leaf
is employed to scrub metallic vessel, to give them
a shine.
•Has medicinal properties and is used in Ayurveda
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The Sensitive Plant/ Touch-me-notMimosa pudica
� A prickly plant spreading on the ground or on the herbs
� the plant uses its ability to shrink as a defense from predators.
� It is used to reduce toxicity of venoms and fixes nitrogen in soil for plans to utilize
Joy perfume tree/ChampaMagnolia champaca
� This tree is regarded to be the personification of
Goddess Lakshmi
� Increases the wealth of the family
� Its timber is used in urban landscaping
� Flowers are used to make the world's most
expensive perfume 'Joy' in America
� Used as an ornamental tree
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Bottle Gourd or Calabash
Lagenaria siceraria
� Dried Calabash is used as bottle, Utensil or Pipe.
� Used to Prevent chicken pox
� Popular vegetable in many world cuisines,
� In parts of India, the dried, unpunctured gourd is used as a
float for swimming
� Indian instruments, such as the tanpura, sitar and rudra veena, are
constructed from dried calabash gourds
� Used as a utensil for water or drinks in many countries
Spear mint
Mentha spicata
� Mint is a symbol of hospitality
� Often cultivated for its aromatic and carminative oil, referred to
as oil of spearmint.
� Has medicinal properties
� Ingredient in several mixed drinks and teas
� Also used in flavouring
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Basil Ocimum basilicum
� Culinary herb� A full, fresh leaf, in a cash register or wallet, is said to
draw money� Very characteristic smell� Basil seeds used in Asian drinks and desserts such
as faluda and sherbet� Used for their medicinal properties
in Ayurveda, Siddha medicine
Sarpagandha Rauvolfia serpentina
� Mahatma Gandhi was said to have ‘Snake root tea’on a regular basis
� Used to treat high blood pressure and mental disorders including schizophrenia,
� It has been used for millennia as an antidote against bites of venomous reptiles.
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CANNA
CORAL FLOWER
BLACK MAGIC
PLANT
HIBISCUS
RUFFLED FAN PALMMONDO GRASS GOLDEN DURANTA SCREW PALM
CROSSANDRABOUGAINVILLEA MarigoldMARIGOLD GUAVA
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� Bagasse Board – by product of
sugarcane industry-a good
substitute for plywood or Particle
Board
� It has wide usage for making
partitions, furniture etc.
� Eco-friendly method - does not
involve any harm to the timbers,
unlike plywood.
� Used for furniture in interiors of the
building •An impressive 77 % of the building materials use
recycled content in the form of fly ash, broken
glass, broken tiles, recycled paper, recycled
aluminum, cinder from industrial furnaces,
bagasse, mineral fibers, cellulose fibers, and
quarry dust.
• Low VOC paints have also been applied
66% (by cost)
of the material
was sourced
within a radius
of 800 km
Of this, 95 % of the
raw material was
extracted or
harvested locally.
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SECTIONS
PORTICO
RECEPTION
AND OFFICE
COURTYARD
MEETING
ROOM
WIND
TOWER
SEMINAR
HALL
COURTYARD
OFFICE BLOCK GREEN TECHNOLOGY
CENTRE
WIND
TOWER
SEMINAR HALL
COURTYARD
GREEN TECHNOLOGY
CENTRE
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� All of the new wood used was sustainably harvested, as certified by
the Forest Stewardship Council.
� Reuse of a significant amount of material salvaged from other
construction sites like toilet doors, interlocking pavement blocks,
stone slabs, scrap steel, scrap glazed tiles, shuttering material and,
the furniture in the cafeteria.
A waste management plan ensured that 96 %
of construction waste was recycled.
Furniture in the canteen
with local Tandur stone
flooring
Clay tile paving
in the gardens
Use of bamboo
as landscape
elements
Stone grid pavers
used on roads for
easy drainage of
water Reuse of construction
waste stone in paving
the gardens
© Confederation of Indian Industry
®
FLY ASH BRICK
•Manufacturing method saves energy, reduces mercury pollution,
•costs 20% less than traditional clay brick manufacturing.
•Low embodied energy, High recycled content, low CO2 emission
•Lighter than clay bricks.
•High strength, practically no breakage during transport
•Uniform size of bricks reduces mortar required for joints and plaster by 50%.
•Lower water penetration, considerably reducing seepage of water through
bricks
• Gypsum plaster (plaster of Paris) can be directly applied on these bricks
without a backing coat of lime plaster.
65% walls in GBC are
constructed with this
material
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� Use of Solar photovoltaic cells on the rooftop grid provides about
24 kilowatts, or 16 % of the building's electricity needs.
� Placed appropriately on the roof facing South and West to capture
maximum heat gain
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A Windcatcher, Windscoop or Badgir is a
traditional Persian architectural element to
create natural ventilation in buildings.
•Energy savings are achieved by the GBCs two
wind towers
•Air, cooled by upto 8 ^C, is supplied to the AHUs,
substantially reducing the load on the air
conditioning system.
• A heavily insulated roof further reduces the
cooling load.
GBC
wind towers
Wind towers in Persia
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� Earth sheltering is a an ancient architectural practice of
using earth against building walls/ roofs for external thermal
mass, to reduce heat loss, and to easily maintain a steady
indoor air temperature.
� Roof Gardens cover 55 % of the exposed roof area of the
building – high reduction of heat gain
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®
Rain Water Harvest :� Some rainwater goes into the soil by the use of
permeable grid pavers.
� The remaining rainwater follows existing flow
patterns and is collected in a water pond-
another traditional method of rain water
harvesting, constructed at a lower end of the
site.
� In addition, the building achieves a 35 %
reduction of municipally supplied potable water,
in part through the use of low-flush toilets and
waterless urinals.
Root Zone Treatment Artificially prepared wetlands
comprising of clay or plastic lined
excavation and emergent vegetation
growing on gravel/sand mixtures
• All wastewater generated - recycled by "root zone treatment" -
simultaneously irrigates the vegetation.
•Low operating cost , less energy requirement and ease of maintenance
•Attractive alternative for wastewater management
•Enhances the Landscape
Waste Water Treatment
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Campus Address:CII - Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre
Survey # 64, Kothaguda Post
R R District, Hyderabad – 500084, India
Tel: +91 40-44185111 (B)
Fax: +91 40 23112837
www.igbc.in