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Database Design ProposalChristopher Lee
Disclaimer: The ctOS and Blume logosare owned by Ubisoft Montreal.
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary....................................................................................................................3
Entity Relationship Diagram.......................................................................................................4
Tables.........................................................................................................................................5
View Definitions........................................................................................................................26
Reports and Queries.................................................................................................................29
Stored Procedures....................................................................................................................31
Triggers.....................................................................................................................................33
Security.....................................................................................................................................34
Implementation Notes...............................................................................................................36
Known Problems.......................................................................................................................36
Future Enhancements...............................................................................................................36
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The Central Operating System (ctOS) is responsible for the management and facilitation of the city of Chicago and its over 2.7 million citizens. The city of Chicago requires a database to catalogue the various functionalities controlled by the operating system. Due to federal regulations, the data must be accurate and consistent.
This document outlines the structure and entities involved in the design and implementations of a database system for ctOS. The purpose of this database is to enable cataloging of the various functionalities of the operating system such as management of the roadways, the electric grid, the subway system, the security camera system, the citizen Profiler, and more.
This database will allow administration to create useful information from queries that provide valuable statistics and other facts from the catalogued data.
An overview of the database will be presented, followed by the details of every individual database table for each of the systems managed by ctOS. Purposes of each table will be suggested and triggers will be explained to reinforce the data integrity of the database. For each of the individual parts, sample reports will be shown.
This design was targetted for and tested on PostgreSQL 9.4.1, released on Feb 5, 2015.
Executive Summary
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Infrastructure Table: Stores valid, unique identification numbers for the city's various infrastructure such as bridges, traffic lights, electric grid, etc.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS infrastructure ( ifst_id SERIAL NOT NULL UNIQUE, type VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, description VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ifst_id));
Functional Dependenciesifst_id -> type, description
ifst_id type description
1 Bridge Washington Bridge
2 Traffic Light Brown St and Park Ave
3 Transformer 152 Pensacola St
4 Security Camera 29 Myers Rd
5 Traffic Light Atkins St and Bay Ave
6 Bridge Bayview Bridge
7 Transformer 2 Blake Ct
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Bridges Table: Contains the list of bridges crossing the Chicago River. Type refers to the bridge's structure or any other significant descriptions.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS bridges ( bridge_id SERIAL NOT NULL, name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, type VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, length VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, daily_traffic INTEGER NOT NULL, year_opened INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (bridge_id));
Fuctional Dependenciesbridge_id -> name, type, length, daily_traffic, year_opened
bridge_id name type length daily_traffic year_opened
1 Michigan Avenue Bridge bascule 339 ft 49600 1920
2 La Salle Street Bridge bascule 242 ft 12050 1928
3 Nichols Bridgeway pedestrian 620 ft 8200 2009
4 Clark Street Bridge bascule 346 ft 72830 1929
5 BP Pedestrian Bridge pedestrian 935 ft 17890 2004
6 Outer Drive Bridge bascule 480 ft 40000 1937
7 Sky Ride ferry 3200 ft 65000 1933
8 Kinzie Street Bridge bascule 196 ft 0 1908
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Traffic_Lights Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS traffic_lights ( tlight_id SERIAL NOT NULL, location VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, last_maintained DATE NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (tlight_id));
Functional Dependenciestlight_id -> location, last_maintained
tlight_id location last_maintained
1 Brown St and Park Ave 2007-04-27
2 N Kennedy St and Fairbanks Ct 2009-06-16
3 Meyer Ave and Damien Ave 2010-07-02
4 Atkins St and Bay Ave 2008-02-09
5 W 38 St and Kemper Pl 2013-05-18
6 N Emmett St and Felton Ave 2015-05-01
7 S Independence Blvd and 29 St 2014-12-12
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Security_Cameras Table: The location of security cameras are usually in intersections, but can be located at the end of certain streets. In this situation, the precise address is recorded.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS security_cameras ( cam_id SERIAL NOT NULL, location VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, last_maintained DATE NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (cam_id));
Functional Dependenciescam_id -> location, last_maintained
cam_id location last_maintained
1 S Ingleside Ave and Raven Rd 2014-03-17
2 492 Bandle Pl 2007-05-11
3 Lawndale Ave and Princeton Ave 2010-07-02
4 Quinn St and S Prospect Ave 2009-01-02
5 Atkins St and Bay Ave 2011-05-16
6 12 W 89th St 2008-11-01
7 N Kennedy St and Fairbanks Ct 2013-10-12
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Transformers Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS transformers ( transformer_id SERIAL NOT NULL, location VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, last_maintained DATE NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (transformer_id));
Functional Dependenciestransformer_id -> location, last_maintained
transformer_id location last_maintained
1 42 Riverside Rd 2015-02-14
2 132 Park Ave 2013-12-03
3 4 N Kennedy St 2008-09-12
4 92 Emmett St 2010-10-10
5 1439 Atkins St 2011-04-20
6 2 W 89th St 2009-09-11
7 50 Fairbanks Ct 2012-05-01
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ifst_id bridge_id
1 1
6 2
Infrastructure_Bridges Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS infrastructure_bridges ( ifst_id INTEGER NOT NULL, bridge_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ifst_id, bridge_id), FOREIGN KEY (ifst_id) REFERENCES infrastructure(ifst_id), FOREIGN KEY (bridge_id) REFERENCES bridges(bridge_id));
Functional Dependenciesifst_id, bridge_id ->
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ifst_id tlight_id
2 1
5 2
Infrastructure_Traffic_Lights Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS infrastructure_traffic_lights ( ifst_id INTEGER NOT NULL, tlight_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ifst_id, tlight_id), FOREIGN KEY (ifst_id) REFERENCES infrastructure(ifst_id), FOREIGN KEY (tlight_id) REFERENCES traffic_lights(tlight_id));
Functional Dependenciesifst_id, tlight_id ->
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ifst_id cam_id
4 1
Infrastructure_Security_Cameras Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS infrastructure_security_cameras ( ifst_id INTEGER NOT NULL, cam_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ifst_id, cam_id), FOREIGN KEY (ifst_id) REFERENCES infrastructure(ifst_id), FOREIGN KEY (cam_id) REFERENCES security_cameras(cam_id));
Functional Dependenciesifst_id, cam_id ->
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ifst_id transformer_id
3 1
7 2
Infrastructure_Transformers Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS infrastructure_transformers ( ifst_id INTEGER NOT NULL, transformer_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ifst_id, transformer_id), FOREIGN KEY (ifst_id) REFERENCES infrastructure(ifst_id), FOREIGN KEY (transformer_id) REFERENCES transformers(transformer_id));
Functional Dependenciesifst_id, transformer_id ->
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transport_id type description
1 Bus
2 Subway Irving Park - Belmont
3 Ferry
4 Bus
5 Bus
6 Subway Racine – Forest Park
Transportation Table: Stores valid, unique identification numbers for the city's various transportation such as subway, ferry and buses.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS transportation ( transport_id SERIAL NOT NULL UNIQUE, type VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, description VARCHAR(50), PRIMARY KEY (transport_id));
Functional Dependenciestransport_id -> type, description
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Subways Table: Station determines where the subway starts and stops, route determines the time it takes for the subway to perform its route.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS subways ( subway_id SERIAL NOT NULL, start_station VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, end_station VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, start_time TIME NOT NULL, end_time TIME NOT NULL, frequency VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (subway_id));
Functional Dependenciessubway_id -> start_station, end_station, start_time, end_time, frequency
subway_id start_station end_station start_time end_time frequency
1 O'Hare Logan Square 08:00:00 10:00:00 15 min
2 Irving Park Belmont 09:00:00 10:00:00 12 min
3 Montrose Jackson 07:00:00 11:00:00 18 min
4 Logan Square Racine 11:00:00 14:00:00 13 min
5 Jackson Harlem 12:30:00 15:00:00 16 min
6 Racine Forest Park 16:00:00 19:00:00 17 min
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Buses Table: In addition to the hours of operation, route also covers the frequency of buses.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS buses ( bus_id SERIAL NOT NULL, start_station VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, end_station VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, start_time TIME NOT NULL, end_time TIME NOT NULL, frequency VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, day VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (bus_id));
Functional Dependenciesbus_id -> start_station, end_station, start_time, end_time, frequency, day
bus_id start_station end_station start_time end_time frequency day
1 Indiana/35th Union Station 05:40:00 21:00:00 27 min Weekdays
2 St. Lawrence Fairbanks 04:45:00 23:05:00 15 min Weekdays
3 South Shore Wacker 04:00:00 23:45:00 20 min Weekdays
4 South Shore Wacker 04:45:00 00:05:00 22 min Saturday
5 Harrison Michigan 06:10:00 22:05:00 10 min Weekdays
6 Halstead Broadway 04:05:00 00:30:00 12 min Sunday
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Ferries Table: Ferry stations are denominated by direction.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ferries ( ferry_id SERIAL NOT NULL, start_station VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, end_station VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, frequency VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ferry_id));
Functional Dependenciesferry_id -> start_station, end_station, frequency
ferry_id start_station end_station frequency
1 Belfast Harlem 20 min
2 Boruch Radon 30 min
3 Harlem Belfast 35 min
4 East Side Grant 25 min
5 East Side West Side 27 min
6 Radon Boruch 32 min
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Transport_Subways Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS transport_subways ( transport_id INTEGER NOT NULL, subway_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (transport_id, subway_id), FOREIGN KEY (transport_id) REFERENCES transportation(transport_id), FOREIGN KEY (subway_id) REFERENCES subways(subway_id));
Functional Dependenciestransport_id, subway_id ->
transport_id subway_id
2 1
6 2
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Transport_Buses Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS transport_buses ( transport_id INTEGER NOT NULL, bus_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (transport_id, bus_id), FOREIGN KEY (transport_id) REFERENCES transportation(transport_id), FOREIGN KEY (bus_id) REFERENCES buses(bus_id));
Functional Dependenciestransport_id, bus_id ->
transport_id bus_id
1 1
4 2
5 3
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Transport_Ferries Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS transport_ferries ( transport_id INTEGER NOT NULL, ferry_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (transport_id, ferry_id), FOREIGN KEY (transport_id) REFERENCES transportation(transport_id), FOREIGN KEY (ferry_id) REFERENCES ferries(ferry_id));
Functional Dependenciestransport_id, ferry_id ->
transport_id ferry_id
3 1
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ifst_id person_id transport_id
1 1 1
2 2 2
Central_OS Table: This table is, at its most basic purpose, meant to record all unique ids in one place.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS central_os ( ifst_id INTEGER NOT NULL, person_id INTEGER NOT NULL, transport_id INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ifst_id, person_id, transport_id), FOREIGN KEY (ifst_id) REFERENCES infrastructure(ifst_id), FOREIGN KEY (person_id) REFERENCES profiler(person_id), FOREIGN KEY (transport_id) REFERENCES transportation(transport_id));
Functional Dependenciesifst_id, person_id, transport_id ->
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Profiler Table: The ctOS Profiler tracks people and keeps records of personal information.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS profiler ( person_id SERIAL NOT NULL, first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, middle_name VARCHAR(50), last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, birth_date DATE NOT NULL, gender CHAR(1) NOT NULL, address VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, phone_number CHAR(15) NOT NULL, email CHAR(256) NOT NULL, eye_color VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, hair_color VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT valid_gender CHECK (gender = 'M' OR gender = 'F'), PRIMARY KEY (person_id));
Functional Dependenciesperson_id -> first_name, middle_name, last_name, birth_date, gender, address, phone_number, email, eye_color, hair_color
Sample table on next page →
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person_id
first_name
middle_name
last_name birth_date
gender address phone_number
email eye_color hair_color
1 Bob Randal Tarly 1989-04-20
M 123 Kenny Ln
312-483-2035
Blue Blonde
2 Frank Underwood 1956-08-25
M 426 Rook St
312-928-3058
Black Brown
3 Jaime Lannister 1967-09-11
M 1 Casterly Rock Rd
312-312-3120
Green Blonde
4 Grace Rose Kelly 1990-07-16
F 92 Flower Ln
312-213-9999
Gray White
5 Eileen Calvin Hobbes 1970-01-01
F 172 Brooks Rd
312-183-5720
Black Black
6 Rhodes Rodney 1930-02-15
M 304 56th St 572-381-3957
Brown Brown
7 Susan Dumont Morgan 1948-03-10
F 95 Flower Ln
572-395-2934
Pale Red
8 Cercei Baratheon 1975-12-25
F 1 King's Landing Rd
312-304-2950
Green Blonde
9 Jon Snow 1982-09-09
M 1 Knows Nothing Rd
312-304-5820
Black Black
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person_id hire_date year_wages_usd
3 2002-02-05 42000
7 2009-04-20 92000
9 2000-01-17 50000
Employees Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS employees ( person_id INTEGER NOT NULL, hire_date DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, year_wages_usd MONEY NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (person_id), FOREIGN KEY (person_id) REFERENCES Profiler(person_id));
Functional Dependenciesperson_id -> hire_date, year_wages_usd
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person_id hire_date contract_length pay
1 2001-07-08 16 months 42000
3 2008-02-16 18 months 50000
8 2010-10-01 6 months 20000
Affiliates Table: Not to be confused with Blume employees, affiliates are people such as temporary contractors or other such people with temporary connections to Blume.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS affiliates ( person_id INTEGER NOT NULL, hire_date DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, contract_length VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, pay MONEY NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (person_id), FOREIGN KEY (person_id) REFERENCES Profiler(person_id));
Functional Dependenciesperson_id -> hire_date, contract_length, pay
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EmployeeInformation View: This view keeps track of every Blume employee's important contact information all in one view display, specifically: full name, phone number, e-mail, hire date, and salary.
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW employeeInformation AS SELECT p.first_name, p.middle_name, p.last_name, p.phone_number, p.email, e.hire_date, e.year_wages_usd FROM profiler p, employees e WHERE p.person_id = e.person_id ORDER BY p.last_name DESC
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AffiliateInformation View: This view keeps track of every Blume affiliate's important contact information all in one view display, specifically: full name, phone number, e-mail, hire date, contract length and salary.
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW affiliateInformation AS SELECT p.person_id AS Employee ID, p.first_name, p.middle_name, p.last_name, p.phone_number, p.email, a.hire_date, a.contract_length, a.pay FROM profiler p, affiliates a WHERE p.person_id = a.person_id ORDER BY p.last_name DESC
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TLight_Maintain View: Traffic lights, electricity transformers and security cameras all need regular maintenance. This view keeps track of the traffic light or transformer that needs the most attention (has the oldest last maintained date).
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW tlight_maintain AS SELECT t.tlight_id, t.location, t.last_maintained FROM traffic_lights t ORDER BY t.last_maintained ASC
Transformer_Maintain
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW transformer_maintain AS SELECT t.transformer_id, t.location, t.last_maintained FROM transformers t ORDER BY t.last_maintained ASC
Cam_Maintain
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW cam_maintain AS SELECT s.cam_id, s.location, s.last_maintained FROM security_cameras s ORDER BY s.last_maintained ASC
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Reports and Queries
Average Bridge Daily Traffic: When the traffic load on bridges is especially high on a certain day, this query can be used to find the total average daily traffic in order to manipulate traffic into using certain bridges over others.
SELECT b.bridge_id AS BridgeID, b.name AS Name, avg(b.daily_traffic) AS Avg_Daily_TrafficFROM bridges bWHERE b.daily_traffic IS NOT NULLGROUP BY b.bridge_id;
Affiliate Financial Planning: Blume Corporation hires many affiliates and independent contractors, and the finances to hire and train them (if necessary) must be kept track of at all times.
SELECT a.contract_length * a.pay AS Financial_Cost, p.first_name, p.middle_name, p.last_nameFROM affiliates a, profiler pWHERE a.person_id = p.person_idGROUP BY Financial_Cost;
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Population Percentage: For managing censuses and keeping track of population percentages, this query returns the percentage of people under 21.
SELECT TRUNC ( CAST ( (SELECT COUNT(person_id) as count FROM Profiler WHERE date_part('year', age( Profiler.birth_date )) < 21 ) as decimal(5, 2) ) / (SELECT COUNT(person_id) as total FROM Profiler ) * 100 ) as Underage
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Stored Procedures
Potential Criminal Search: Given a set of physical attributes such as eye color, hair color and gender, the Profiler can access all the citizens in Chicago as an initial step to find a potential criminal.
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION potential_crime(eye_color text, hair_color text, gender CHAR(1))RETURNS TABLE(First_Name text, Middle_Name text, Last_Name text) AS $BODY$BEGIN SELECT DISTINCT p.first_name, p.middle_name, p.last_name FROM Profiler p WHERE eye_color = p.eye_color AND hair_color = p.hair_color AND gender = p.genderEND;$BODY$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
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New Employee Hire: While all citizens are automatically tracked and registered by the ctOS Profiler, new employee and affiliate hires must be managed by the database separately.
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION new_employee()RETURNS trigger AS $$BEGIN IF NEW.is_employee = true THEN INSERT INTO Employees VALUES(NEW.person_id, NEW.hire_date,
NEW.year_wages_usd); END IF; RETURN NEW;END;$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql
New Affiliate Hire
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION new_affiliate()RETURNS trigger AS $$BEGIN IF NEW.is_affilaite = true THEN INSERT INTO Affiliates VALUES(NEW.person_id, NEW.hire_date,
NEW.contract_length, NEW.pay); END IF; RETURN NEW;END;$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql
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Triggers
New Employee: This example triggers on a new entry being created for a Blume employee who recently moved to Chicago and a new entry must be created in the Profiler.
CREATE TRIGGER add_employeeAFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON ProfilerFOR EACH ROWEXECUTE PROCEDURE new_employee();
New Affiliate
CREATE TRIGGER add_affiliateAFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON ProfilerFOR EACH ROWEXECUTE PROCEDURE new_affiliate();
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Security
Admin: High ranking officials; access to the entire ctOS database.
CREATE ROLE admin;GRANT ALL ON ALL TABLESIN SCHEMA PUBLICTO admin;
Infrastructure Management Employee: Employees working in the infrastructure department have access to areas of infrastructure only: broadly speaking, this includes security cameras, electric transformers, bridges, and traffic lights.
CREATE ROLE ifst_employee;GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON infrastructure, security_cameras, transformers, bridges, traffic_lights, infrastructure_security_cameras, infrastructure_transformers, infrastructure_bridges, infrastructure_traffic_lightsTO ifst_employee;
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Transportation Management Employee: Employees working in the transportation department have access to areas of transportation only: broadly speaking, this includes buses, ferries, and subways.
CREATE ROLE trans_employee;GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON transportation, buses, ferries, subways, transport_buses, transport_ferries, transport_subwaysTO trans_employee;
Profiler Management Employee: Employees working in the ctOS Profiler department have access to the profiler and central OS databases for tracking and recording people.
CREATE ROLE profiler_employee;GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON profiler, central_osTO profiler_employee;
Affiliates are given similar access permissions, but without INSERT and UPDATE, as those actions are reserved for authorized Blume employees only. The example below shows the permissions for a bridge planner affiliate.
CREATE ROLE bridge_affiliate;GRANT SELECT ON infrastructure, bridges, infrastructure_bridgesTO bridge_affiliate;
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Implementation Notes, Known Problems & Future Enhancements
This database is meant to be an information storage system for an operating system that controls and manages an entire city of millions of people. As a result, this database is in its early, simplest form.
● In the game Watch_Dogs, ctOS is capable of tracking any device capable of connecting to the Internet or any local networks existing in the city of Chicago.
● This includes devices such as laptops, cellphones, smart watches, even satellites overlooking the city of Chicago.
● As a result, improvements to this database system would include coverage of all these devices with unique identification as well as supplementary information.
The Profiler is capable of keeping a “relationship network” between every citizen in the city, allowing for advanced uses such as searches for potential criminals or even predicting crime (by tracking conversations and text messages on phones and computers).
● Future implementations would possibly use Social Security Numbers as unique identification, or use it alongside the current person_id.
● Addition of GPS with the use of locational coordinates would allow ctOS to keep track of every person through the use of Internet-enabled devices.
Finally, this operating system and database system is limited to Chicago only (at the moment). The most significant future enhancement would be to apply this system to every major city and eventually every city in the world for a global system. Obviously, there will be ethical and moral considerations to take into account, but that is not the purpose of this proposal.