研究進捗 クリス 2013年10月07日

インターネット工学研究室: ゲーム研究

順序

“The Art of Videogames” (Tavinor 2009) Tavinor’s proposed Definition

Collaboration with Prof. Fujita/GDC 2014

Due: Oct 23 (Wed)

Background:

Magic Circle

Embedded vs. Emergent Narrative

Fujita’s Model: “Phenomenon of Narrative”

GDC Contribution

2

Art of Video Games (1)

Defining “videogames”

Current definitions fail to consider all

anomalous cases (so-called “Platypus Effect”)

Therefore, Tavinor proposes a disjunctive

definition (OR)

3

Art of Video Games (2)

Disjunctive Definition

“X is art if and only if it has

property A or property B

4

Art of Video Games (3)

Tavinor’s Disjunctive Definition of

videogames:

"X is a videogame if it is an artifact in a visual

digital medium, is intended as an object of

entertainment, and is intended to provide such

entertainment through the employment of one or

both of the following modes of engagement: rule

and objective gameplay or interactive fiction.”

5

Art of Video Games (4)

6

AND

Artifact in VDM

For

Entertainment

OR

Rule/Objective

Gameplay

Interactive

Fiction

VIDEOGAME

Tavinor’s Disjunctive Definition of videogames:

AND

Art of Video Games (5)

Tavinor’s Disjunctive Definition of

videogames:

7

PROS CONS

Reconciles the Ludological/ Narratological contentions

Newness of the proposal means acceptance of theory is not yet traceable

Accounts for most anomalies in gaming media

Definition can be seen as too inclusive

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (1) Background: “The Magic Circle”

8

Huizinga (1955); Zimmerman & Salen (2004)

• Border between the virtual game world and the real

world

• In modern games, the Magic Circle is very porous.

• Understanding the relationship between the realms on

either side of the Magic Circle is central to many

aspects of Game Studies/Design

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (2) Embedded vs. Emergent Narrative

9

Magic Circle

Embedded

Narrative

Emergent

Narrative

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (3) Phenomenon of Narrative

10

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (4) Phenomenon of Narrative

11

Don’t go there,

there are

monsters! OK, Dad,

I won’t.

I’m

TOTALLY

going to

that cave!

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (5) Phenomenon of Narrative

The kid goes to the dangerous place

Has an adventure, lives to tell the story

TELLS THEIR FRIENDS AT SCHOOL THE

NEXT DAY!

12

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (6) Phenomenon of Narrative

13

VIDEO GAME

Embedded

Narrative

Player

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (7) Phenomenon of Narrative

14

EMERGENT NARRATIVE

• SNS

• ニコニコ動画

• Youtube

• Fan Conventions

Collab. w/ Prof. Fujita (8) GDC Plan/Contribution

After this “Phenomenon of Narrative” is introduced, Prof. Fujita will explain his prototype game using UX + pop-up photography (his research focus)

Chris’ portion of the proposal will focus on the main differences in Narrative implementation between Japanese and Western Games

Frame Narrative

4th Wall

Endo’s “Narrative vs. Story” typed games (CEDEC)

15

今後の課題

GDC 2014 Proposal

Oct 23rd (Wed)

Contributions (Recommendations for Industry)

PAX East 2014 (Boston)

http://east.paxsite.com/

16