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CHILD MONITORING SYSTEM (PARENT)
NABILLAH BINTI SALEH
This thesis is submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Electronics)
Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Universiti Malaysia Pahang
NOVEMBER, 2008
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my gratitude to Allah with His permission I am done
with my project and it ran smoothly and successfully. Alhamdulillah, His
Willingness has made it possible for me as the author to complete the final year
project in time.
I would like to take this opportunity to give my special thanks to my
dedicated supervisor, Mr Fairuz Rizal bin Mohamad Rashidi for guiding this project
at every stage with clarity, spending much time to discuss and help with this project,
and that priceless gift of getting things done by sharing his valuable ideas as well as
share his knowledge.
I would also like to thank to all UMP lecturers and electrical technicians
whom had helped directly or indirectly in what so ever manner thus making this
project a reality.
Not forgotten are my best colleagues for their openhandedly and kindly
guided, assisted, supported and encouraged me to make this project successful. My
heartfelt thanks to my dearest family which always support and pray on me
throughout this project. Their blessing gave me the high-spirit and strength to face
any problem occurred and to overcome them rightly.
The great cooperation, kindheartedness and readiness to share worth
experiences that have been shown by them will be always appreciated and treasured
by me, thank you.
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ABSTRACT
Bluetooth technology allowed multiple devices to communicate with each
other or one device could control and manage the other device wirelessly. The Child
Monitoring System (Parent) is one of alarm system which is developed using
Bluetooth technology to monitor child in a certain area which is about 20 meters
radius from the parent. The system is developed due to many cases of missing kids
that happen nowadays in our country. To develop the system, there are several things
needed to be learned. They are about PIC microcontroller, Bluetooth module data
transmission and reception and also the existence system proposed by the other
researchers. The important things to do during developing the system are assembly
of the hardware which contain Bluetooth module as the main component for data
transmission and reception while liquid crystal display (LCD) and buzzer as the
indicator for the status of the child. The PIC microcontroller is acted as a controller
that is reprogrammable and got the most important features to communicate two
Bluetooth which is Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART). The
software used is Microcode Studio to write and compile the PICBASIC
programming language. This system could assist the parent in keeping an eye for
their child whenever needed without the need of any licence.
vi
ABSTRAK
Teknologi Bluetooth membenarkan pelbagai alat berkomunikasi antara satu
sama lain atau satu alat menjadi pangawal dan pengurus alat-alat lain tanpa
menggunakan sebarang wayar. Sistem Pengawasan Kanak-Kanak (Ibu Bapa) adalah
satu sistem penggera yang dihasil menggunakan teknologi Bluetooth untuk
memerhati anak-anak dalam lingkungan 20 meter daripada ibu bapa. Sistem ini
dihasilkan kerana kes kehilangan kanak-kanak di negara ini semakin meningkat.
Bagi menghasilkan sistem ini, beberapa perkara perlu dipelajari antaranya mengenai
pengawalmikro PIC, cara penghantaran dan penerimaan data oleh modul Bluetooth
dan sistem yang telah ada yang telah diusulkan oleh pengkaji-pengkaji lain sebelum
ini. Perkara penting yang perlu dilakukan semasa penghasilan sistem ini ialah
menggabungkan perkakas yang terdiri daripada modul Bluetooth sebagai komponen
utama yang menghantar dan menerima data sementara paparan kristal cecair (LCD)
dan penggera sebagai penunjuk tentang status kanak-kanak. Pengawalmikro PIC
bertindak sebagai pengawal yang boleh diprogram semula dan mempunyai
keistimewaan yang penting untuk dua Bluetooth berkomunikasi iaitu Universal
Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART). Perisian Microcode Studio digunakan
untuk menulis dan menukar bahasa program PICBASIC kepada bahasa mesin.
Sistem ini boleh membantu ibu bapa untuk mengawasi anak-anak apabila diperlukan
tanpa memerlukan sebarang lesen.
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
DECLARATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
ABSTRAK vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES xii
LIST OF FIGURES xiii
LIST OF SYMBOLS xvi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xvii
LIST OF APPENDICES xix
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Introduction to the Project 1
1.3 Problem Statement 4
1.4 Objective 5
1.4.1 To design and program the parent’s part of
the system to monitor child in the specific
range of area by using Bluetooth
technology 4
1.4.2 To program the microcontroller to
function as desired 4
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
1.5 Scope of Project 5
1.5.1 Develop the system only for the parent’s
part 5
1.5.2 Develop the power module to supply
5V to the PIC and Bluetooth module 5
1.5.3 Develop the PIC module that contains
some components such as LCD and
buzzer to indicate the status of the child 5
1.5.4 Develop programming for the system to
function as desired 6
1.6 Thesis Overview 6
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Personal Monitoring System 7
2.2 Kids Finder through Bluetooth Technology 8
2.3 KC Wirefree Bluetooth 10
2.3.1 Bluetooth Technology and Transceiver 10
2.4 PIC 16F877 12
2.4.1 Addressable Universal Synchronous
Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
(USART) 12
2.4.1.1 USART Baud Rate Generator 13
2.4.2 I/O Ports 14
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
2.5 PICBASIC Language 14
3 METHODOLOGY 15
3.1 Project Methodology 15
3.2 System’s Flow 17
3.3 System’s Diagram 19
4 SYSTEM’S ARCHITECTURE 20
4.1 Hardware Design 20
4.1.1 Power Supply Module 20
4.1.2 PIC Module 21
4.1.3 LCD Display and Buzzer 22
4.1.4 Bluetooth Module with PIC 23
4.2 Software Implementation 25
4.2.1 Microcode Studio 25
4.2.2 PICKit 2 Software Programmer 26
4.2.3 ISIS 7 Professional 31
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
5 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 37
5.1 Power Supply Module 37
5.2 PIC Module 37
5.2.1 Blinking Test 38
5.2.2 LCD Test 39
5.2.3 UART Test 41
5.3 Bluetooth Module 42
5.3.1 Functionality Test 42
5.4 System Setting 45
5.4.1 Change Baud Rate 45
5.4.2 Bluetooth Module Setting 48
5.4.3 LCD Setting 49
5.5 Result 50
6 CONCLUSION 54
6.1 Achievement 54
6.2 Advantages and Disadvantages 55
6.3 Future Recommendation 55
6.4 Cost and Commercialization 56
xii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE
2.1 Baud Rate Formula 13
6.1 List of Components and Prices 57
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES NO. TITLE PAGE
1.1 Block diagram for Parent’s Part 2
2.1 Host to Host Communications through Bluetooth
Transceiver 11
3.1 Developing the Child Monitoring
System (Parent) 16
3.2 Flowchart on Parent’s Part 18
3.3 Block Diagram on Input and Output
of Microcontroller 19
4.1 Full Schematic Diagram 20
4.2 Power Module Circuit Diagram 21
4.3 Circuit Diagram for PIC Module 22
4.4 Schematic for LCD Display and Buzzer 22
4.5 Schematic for Bluetooth Module and PIC 23
4.6 Board Layout for the Parent’s Part (Master Device) 24
4.7 Board Layout for Bluetooth Module
With 5V Voltage In 24
4.8 Compile the Program 26
4.9 Device Family Selections 27
4.10 Midrange Device Family for PIC 16F877 27
4.11 Import .HEX File and Write Device Button 28
4.12 Import Hex File Dialogue Box 28
4.13 Download Program Progress 29
4.14 File Update Notifications 29
4.15 The Location of the Button on the Programmer
Hardware 30
xiv
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES NO. TITLE PAGE
4.16 The Success Downloading Process Notification 30
4.17 Edit Properties for PIC Microcontroller 31
4.18 Program File 32
4.19 File Selection 33
4.20 PIC Microcontroller Sending Data to Bluetooth 33
4.21 Connection Established with Slave Device 34
4.22 Data Receive From Slave Device
(In Range and Tag Attached) 35
4.23 Data Receive From Slave Device
(In Range and Tag Not Attach) 35
4.24 Data Receive From Slave Device (Out of Range) 35
4.25 Connection with Slave Device is Disconnected 36
5.1 Power Supply Module 38
5.2 LCD Test 40
5.3 HyperTerminal Displaying Data Received 42
5.4 HyperTerminal Window 43
5.5 Connect To Dialogue Box 43
5.6 COM Properties Dialogue Box 44
5.7 AT Response from KC Wirefree
Bluetooth Transceiver 44
5.8 Toolbar of HyperTerminal 45
5.9 Dropdown List of Transfer Menu 46
5.10 AT Command to Change Baud Rate 46
5.11 Selection of Change Baud Text File 47
5.12 AT Response for Changing Baud Rate 47
xv
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES NO. TITLE PAGE
5.13 Scan for Response from Slave Device Process 50
5.14 Connection with Slave Device Established 51
5.15 Slave Device Attached to Child 51
5.16 Slave Device Not Attach to Child 52
5.17 Child is Out of Range 52
5.18 Connection with Slave Device is Disconnected 53
xvi
LIST OF SYMBOLS
bps Bit Per Second
F Farad
G Giga
Hz Hertz
M Mega
p Piko
V Volts
VDC Volts Direct Current
xvii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
A/D Analog to Digital
AT Attention
BASIC Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
BRG Baud Rate Generator
CD Compact Disc
CODEC Coder Decoder
CRT C Run Time
CTS Clear To Send
D/A Digital to Analog
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
FOSC Frequency Oscillator
GPIO General Purpose Input Output
GPS Global Positioning System
HCI Host Controller Interface
I/O Input Output
IrDA Infrared Data Association
ISM Industrial Scientific Medical
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
OEM Object Exchange Model
PDA Personal Digital Assistant
PIC Peripheral Interface Controller
RAM Random Access Memory
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
RTS Request To Send
RxD Receive Data
SCI Serial Communication Interface
xviii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
SPP Serial Port Profile
TxD Transmit Data
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
USB Universal Serial Bus
USARTUniversal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter
xix
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX TITLE PAGE
A Program for Parent’s Part 60
B Circuit Schematic 64
C PIC16F877 Datasheet 66
D KA7805 Datasheet 82
E KSP2222A Datasheet 85
F LCD Datasheet 87
G AT Command 89
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The Child Monitoring System is a system which is developed using Bluetooth
technology to monitor child in a certain area. The system is separated into two parts.
This thesis will concentrate more on parent’s part while the thesis on child’s part will
be concentrated by other person. Parents have the master device while the child has
the slave device. The master device is sending and receiving data through Bluetooth
module by using some command which is programmed into PIC microcontroller.
The device has liquid crystal display (LCD) and buzzer in order to alarm parents
about their child who probably out of Bluetooth range or the child is drop the slave
device or can be both of the causes.
2
1.2 Introduction to the Project
The system has two main separated parts which are the parents’ part (master
device) and the child’s part (slave part). The master device will send out a
continuous signal to slave device. The slave device will receive the signal and
remains silent but if the signal did not reach, the child will be alerted. In the other
hand, the slave device will also send out signal to the master device so the master
device will receive the signal and remains silent but if the signal did not reach,
parents will be alerted and if the child is no longer wearing the device, the master
device will produce some sort of information to notify the parents about that.
Figure 1.1 Block diagram for Parent’s Part
In this project, master device used PIC Microcontroller to interface with the
Bluetooth module. The program for it has been written using PICBASIC language.
Microcode Studio is used to write and compile the program while PICkit 2 v2.40
programmer is used to program the PIC16F877.
3
1.3 Problem Statement
Nowadays, there are many cases of missing kids in the whole world. Due to
United States Justice Department reports,
797,500 children (younger than 18) were reported missing in a one-year
period of time studied resulting in an average of 2,185 children being
reported missing each day.
203,900 children were the victims of family abductions.
58,200 children were the victims of non-family abductions.
115 children were the victims of “stereotypical” kidnapping. (These
crimes involve someone the child does not know or someone of slight
acquaintance, who holds the child overnight, transports the child 50 miles
or more, kills the child, demands ransom, or intends to keep the child
permanently.)
(National Incidence Studies of Missing Abducted Runaway, and
Thrownaway Children, NISMART, October 2002)
It always happens in the playground, shopping complex and other public area
which have so many people around. It will be worst case if the kid is missing when
the parents are there but doing some other things at the moment. Parents are unable
to monitor all their children especially when they have more than one child in
crowded and wide area simultaneously. Other, parents’ line of sight is limited.
4
1.4 Objectives
There are two objectives for this project.
1.4.1 To design and program the parent’s part of the system to monitor child in the specific range of area by using Bluetooth technology
The Bluetooth technology has some specific range for its coverage normally
measured in meter of its radius. It also has some protocols and steps to allow this
Bluetooth work smoothly. This project is done by designing the circuit and
programming the controller so that the parents would know the status of their child
whether their child is still in the range and wearing the slave device or the child just
step out of the range and dropping the slave device.
1.4.2 To program the microcontroller to function as desired
The microcontroller used in this system is PIC microcontroller. The program
is downloaded and other devices are integrated with the PIC microcontroller.
5
1.5 Scope of Project
This Child Monitoring System which is specifically for the parent’s part has
four scopes.
1.5.1 Develop the system only for the parent’s part
The master device has to search and initiate connection with the slave device
by creating the SPP connection. SPP is used for host to communicate with Bluetooth
module and its understanding language is AT command.
1.5.2 Develop the power module to supply 5V to the PIC and Bluetooth
module
The main components such as PIC microcontroller, SKKCA Bluetooth
module and LCD need only 5VDC power supply to function correctly. If the supply
is over than 5VDC, they could damage.
1.5.3 Develop the PIC module that contains some components such as LCD
and buzzer to indicate the status of the child
The alarm in this system contains LCD and buzzer to indicate the status of
the slave device. There are three conditions set which only two of them will trigger
the alarm. They are when the slave device is not attached to the child but it is in
range and another one is the slave device is out of range. The one condition where
the slave device will remains silent is when the slave device is attach to the child and
at the same time is in Bluetooth range.
6
1.5.4 Develop programming for the system to function as desired
The programming is developed and burned into PIC microcontroller to do the
data transmission serially and to do other jobs such as trigger the alarm. The
Bluetooth also need a specific program that must be written into PIC microcontroller
to be able to communicate with another Bluetooth.
1.6 Thesis Overview
This Child Monitoring System (Parent) final thesis is a combination of 6
chapters that contains and elaborates specific topics such as the Introduction,
Literature Review, Methodology, Architecture, Result and Analysis, Conclusion and
Further Development that can be applied in this project.
Chapter 1: basically about the introduction of this project.
Chapter 2: describe about the literature review for the development of the
Child Monitoring System (Parent)
Chapter 3: discuss on the full methodology of this project.
Chapter 4: discuss about the architecture of the project that consist the
hardware design and the software implementation.
Chapter 5: discuss all the results obtained and the limitation of the project.
All discussions are concentrating on the result and performance of
the Child Monitoring System (Parent).
Chapter 6: discuss the conclusion and further development of the project.
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter reviews about the study that have been done before developed
the Child Monitoring System. Some of them are about the systems that are look
alike this Child Monitoring System. Other, they are the study about the main
components used.
2.1 Personal Monitoring System
From the article published on January 08, 2008 by Ong Dee Nai, the Personal
Monitoring System is a proposed system to assists parents in keeping an eye on their
children while shopping. The system consist two separated parts which are master
monitoring device and one or more slave devices. Both parts are Bluetooth-capable
device. Master device could be either stand-alone or built into mobile phone carried
by parents and slave device could be attached to a child. The both devices will
communicate continuously and remain silent. Whenever one or more slave devices
are found out of predetermined Bluetooth range, the master device will emit some
notification like audible sound. The slave device could also be designed to emit an
audible alert to assist the parent in locating one or more of the children.