chemistry in context lecture: organic chemistry i; january 25, 2007; pg1 i.what does organic...
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Chemistry in ContextChemistry in ContextLecture: Organic Chemistry I; January 25, 2007; Pg1Lecture: Organic Chemistry I; January 25, 2007; Pg1
I. What does organic chemistry study? A. Organic Chemicals – any chemical
containing carbon B. Bonding Characteristics of Carbon
1) Covalently Bonds2) Forms 4 Bonds3) Readily Bonds with Itself
-- single, double, or triple 4) Forms Small or Long Chains
All life is organic, animals, micro- organisms, & plants.
Lecture: Organic Chemistry I, Pg1
C. Distillation – separation of organics using their boiling points (see handout)1) Have a mixture of 2 or more organics2) Heat column to change liquids to
gases (boil).3) Collect gases in a tube & cool down
to change gas to liquid (condense)
Chemistry in ContextChemistry in ContextLecture: Organic Chemistry I; January 25, 2007; Pg2Lecture: Organic Chemistry I; January 25, 2007; Pg2
c) Alkynes – at least one C to C triple bond-- Formula: CnH2n-2
b) Alkenes – at least one C to C double bond-- Formula: CnH2n
Lecture: Organic Chemistry I, Pg2
a) Alkanes – all C to C bonds are single bonds (saturated)-- see alkane series-- Formula: CnH2n+2
2) Groups of Hydrocarbons:
-- serve as fuels, combustion rxn: CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
1) Characteristics of Hydrocarbons
A. Hydrocarbons – contain ONLY 2 elements (hydrogen & carbon)
II. What are the types of organic compounds?
Chemistry in ContextChemistry in ContextLecture: Organic Chemistry I; January 25, 2007; Pg3Lecture: Organic Chemistry I; January 25, 2007; Pg3
Lecture: Organic Chemistry I, Pg3
a) Condensed Formula: b) Structural Formula:
3) Nomenclature (naming & 2 formulae)
C. Alcohols – have a hydroxyl (OH) functional group EX/ methanol (grain), ethanol
(drinking), isopropanol (rubbing) D. Organic Acids – have a carboxyl functional
group (COOH); weak acids EX/ methanoic acid (stinging ants),
ethanoic acid (aka acetic acid)
Ethanoic acid is also called acetic acid, found in vinegar!
E. Aromatics – have ring structures EX/ benzene (ringed alkene)