Chemistry FundamentalsBiology 9Sumner HS

AtomsAtoms

MoleculesMolecules

PolymersPolymers

OrganellesOrganelles

OrgansOrgans

Organism/Organism/IndividualIndividual

PopulationsPopulations

CommunitiesCommunities

EcosystemsEcosystems

BiosphereBiosphere

CellsCells

Unit ThemeUnit ThemeStructure→Properties→FunctionStructure→Properties→Function

StructureStructure: How something is built or constructed. The parts and how they are connected.

PropertiesProperties: Qualities, characteristics, traits, how it behaves or interacts.

FunctionsFunctions: what job it does, how a property is used, how it contributes to the “work” of life

Bathroom

StructureWalls, Sink, Counter, Tub,

Door, Toilet

PropertiesControls water, enclosed

room.

FunctionIdeal for bathing etc. in

privacy and not making a mess.

For the Chemistry of Life...

Structure Properties Function

PartsFormula

ArrangementBondsBonds

StrengthEnergy

Interactions

How does it contribute

to life functions?

Big Idea: AtomsBig Idea: AtomsDefinition for Levels of Organization?

The smallest form of unique matter is an atom.

A bar of gold...

Break a single atom down to smaller parts and they aren’t different any more.

Greek origin: atomos = indivisible

An Atomic ModelThree sub-atomic sub-atomic particlesparticles

Electrons (eElectrons (e--))

Protons (pProtons (p++))

Neutrons (n)Neutrons (n)

Which element is this?

The protons and neutrons in the center make up the nucleusnucleus.

PhEt Simulation – Build an Atom

Atomic PropertiesThe number of protons (part of the

structure) is key to determining what the properties of the element are.

Color

Atomic size

Density

Ease of reaction with other elements.

State (gas, liquid, solid, metal...)

Let’s “Meet The Elements” – by They might be giants

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy0m7jnyv6U

PIT (putting it together): What are some key things to know about atoms?

Chem Fundamentals: AtomsSmallest level of organiz

Gold bar example

Indivisible

Parts

Protons, pos/Neutrons, neutral/Electrons, neg

Nucleus = protons + neutrons

Electrons in orbit

Protons determine properties

Atomic InteractionsWhat we experience around us results

from the interactions of atoms

Atoms combine together to make?

MoleculesMolecules.

These interactions are determined by...

the properties of the atoms.

what happens with the electrons.

For life...We are interested in a few key properties

of atoms:

How many bonds they can form

The properties of bonds they form with other atoms.

This determines the kinds of moleculesmolecules that are formed.

Our primary partsYou can use the memory device “CHNOPS” to

remember the most common elements of life

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorous and Sulfur.

We’re going to look more closely at three of these

Hydrogen & Oxygen Periodic Table Videos

Carbon Connections Video & Questions

Periodic Table of VideosWe’ll look at two elements: Hydrogen &

Oxygen

As you watch try to capture info about:

The number of electrons (structure)

The formula it’s often found in (structure)

How “reactive” it is (properties)

Any other properties (color, state, density...)

http://www.periodicvideos.com/index.htm

HydrogenHydrogen OxygenOxygen

# of electrons# of electrons

FormulaFormula

How reactive?How reactive?

Other PropertiesOther Properties

Carbon Connections VideoHalf-sheet with table and questions to

complete

Write your answers ON YOUR OWN PAPER!

I will collect these when we are finished.

This is an Assignment Organizer item.

Carbon cycle video

•http://www.npr.org/news/specials/climate/video/

Atomic structure: electronsElectrons are arranged in “shells” around

the nucleus.

The filling sometimes leaves unpaired electrons.

“Shells just want to be full”

Atoms are “happy” when their shells are full.

Actually are more stable.

Key idea: Unpaired electrons are an opportunity to share electrons and create a bond.

What trends or patterns do you notice in this table?

How many chances to share?

1 2 3 4

PIT Summary: Atomic Properties

Three particles: p+ & n in nucleus, e- in “orbit.”

Protons have primary influence on atomic properties.

Electrons interact with “the universe.”

Shells just want to be full to be stable.

Electronegativity (greediness) is a powerful atomic property.