chapters 12 & 1312 13chapters 14 & 151415 chapters 2 & 323chapters 4 & 545 chapter...

Chapters 12 & 13 Chapters 14 & 15 Chapters 2 & 3 Chapters 4 & 5 Chapter 6

The Roman Empire

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Rome and Christianity

The Fall of Rome

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Early Americas

The Fall of Rome

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The Rise of Islam

The Spread of Islam

&

Early West African Empires

West

African

Empires

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G6 Chapter 12 The Roman Empire (50 BC – AD 150)

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G6 Chapter 13 Rome and Christianity (AD 1 – 400)





G6C12 Key Terms and People

1. Cicero

2. orator

3. Julius Caesar

4. Pompey

5. Brutus

6. Marc Anthony

7. Augustus

8. Cleopatra

9. Hadrian

10. provinces

11. currency

12. Pax Romana

13. villas

14. Galen

15. aqueduct

16. vault

17. Virgil

18. Ovid

19. satire

20. Romance languages

21. civil law

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1. Christianity

2. Jesus of Nazareth

3. Messiah

4. John the Baptist

5. Bible

6. crucifixion

7. Resurrection

8. disciples

9. Apostles

10. Paul

11. saint

12. matyrs

13. persecution

14. bishops

15. Eucharist

16. Pope

17. Augustine of Hippo

18. Constantine

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When did he live? 63 BC–AD 14 Where did he live? Rome

What did he do? As the leader of Rome, he made many improvements in the city. He created a fire department and a police force to protect the city’s people. He built new aqueducts and repaired old ones to increase Rome’s water supply. He also worked on improving and expanding Rome’s road network.

Why is he important? As Rome’s first emperor, he is one of the most significant figures in Roman history. Almost singlehandedly, he changed the nature of Roman government forever. But he is also known for the great monuments he had built around Rome. He built a new forum that held statues, monuments, and a great temple to the god Mars. In writing about his life, he wrote, “I found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble.”

100 Answer

1. Julius Caesar 8. Romans Allow Many Religions2. Cleopatra 9. Jews and Romans Clash3. Augustus 10. Messiah4. Roman Trade Routes, AD 200 11. Bible5. Roman Roads 12. Jesus of Nazreth6. Roman Arch 13. Jesus’s Message7. Civil Law 14. Constantine

200

a legal system based on a written code of laws, like the one created by the Romans.

Most countries in Europe today have _____ ________ traditions. In the 1500s and 1600s, European explorers and colonists carried ___________ around the world. As a result, some countries in Africa, Asia, and the Americas developed these rulse as well.

Answer


300 Answer

The Romans practiced polytheism in the early years of its empire. When Rome conquered new people, they continued to let them practice their own religion.


400 Answer

A network so large and well constructed that parts of it remain today, roughly 2,000 years later


the holy book of Christianity

500 Answer


600 Answer

He was probably the greatest general in Roman history. Other Romans admiredhim for his bravery and skill in battle. At the same time, his soldiers respected him because he treated them well Between 58 and 50 BC he conquered nearly all of Gaul—a region that included much of modern France, Germany, and northern Italy—and part of Britain. After years of traveling and war, he returned to Rome. When he got there, he forced the Senate to name him dictator for 10 years. Later this term was extended and he became dictator for life.


This design supported much heavier weights than other shapes can. It was used in the design of aqueducts and vaults.

700 Answer


(c. 280–337) He grew up in the court of the Roman emperor. As a young man he became a general and led his army in many successful campaigns. After he converted to Christianity, he came to believe that he had been successful all his life because he had God’s favor. He built several great churches in the empire, including one in Jerusalem at the spot where Jesus was believed to have been buried. Throughout history Christians have considered him one of Rome’s greatest emperors.

800 Answer


He was the Messiah and the son of God.

900 Answer


Political conflict arose because the Jews rebelled against Roman rule. Judea, the territory in which most Jews lived, had been conquered by Rome in 63 BC. Since then, many Jews had been unhappy with Roman rule. They wanted to be ruled only by Jews, not by outsiders. As a result, the Jews rebelled in the AD 60s. The rebellion was defeated, however, and the Jews were punished for their actions.

1000 Answer


G6 Chapter 14 The Fall of Rome (220 – 1453)





G6 Chapter 15 Early Americas (12,000 BC – AD 900)






1. Diocletian

2. Clovis

3. Attila

4. corruption

5. Justinian

6. Theodora

7. Byzantine Empire

8. mosaics

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1. Mesoamerica

2. maize

3. obsidian

4. Pacal

5. observatories

6. Popol Vuh

Problems Inside the Empire – large size made communication difficult, corruption became common, rich citizens left Rome for country estates, taxes and prices rose;

Problems Outside of the Empire – barbarians began invading the empire

100 Answer

1. The Goths 8. Maize2. Why Rome Fell? 9. Obsidian3. The Byzantine Empire 10. Palenque4. The Western Roman and Byzantine Empires 11. Warfare5. The Glory of Constantinople 12. Upper Class vs. Lower

Class6. Theodora 13. A Maya King and His

Court7. Justinian 14. Religion

The capital, Constantinople, was strategically located where Europe and Asia meet. As a result, the city was in a perfect location to control trade routes between the two continents.

200 Answer




This was a sharp, glasslike volcanic rock, that came from different parts of Mesoamerica. It was used for weapons and cutting tools. It was valued for its sharp edges and considered sacred by the Maya, and it was mined in the mountains and traded throughout the Maya world.

300 Answer




Rome’s leaders were afraid that these people would destroy Roman land and property. To stop this destruction, the emperors fought to keep them out of Roman lands. In the east the armies were largely successful. They forced them to move farther west. As a result, however, the western armies were defeated by the them, who moved into Roman territory.

The Romans fought desperately to keep the them away from Rome. They also paid them not to attack them. For many years this strategy worked. In 408, however, the Romans stopped making payments. This made the them furious. Despite the Romans’ best efforts to defend their city, they sacked, or destroyed, Rome in 410.

400 Answer




For one empire, popes and bishops led the church, and the emperor led the government while Latin was the main language.

For the other empire, emperors led the church and the government while Greek was the main language.

500 Answer




600 Answer

He made Constantinople into a grand capital city and the center of a strong empire. He tried to conquer the former western Roman empire but couldn’t.




700 Answer

This is corn.




c. 500–548 She helped create laws to aid women and children and to end government corruption.

800 Answer




Maya _____________ was bloody. Warriors fought hand-to-hand using spears, flint knives, and wooden clubs. The Maya often captured enemy prisoners and killed them in religious ceremonies as a sacrifice to their gods. They burned enemy towns and villages. ___________ probably tore up the land and destroyed crops. Maya _____________ was so destructive that some scholars think it may have contributed to the end of the Maya civilization.

900 Answer




The king held the highest position in society. Priests, warriors, and merchants were also part of the privileged. Rulers were believed to be related to gods.

Most Mayans were farmers and lived in small houses outside the cities.

1000 Answer




G7 Chapter 2 The Fall of Rome (AD 117-1453)





G7 Chapter 3 The Rise of Islam (AD 550-650)





G7C2 Key Terms and People1. Augustus

2. citizens

3. aqueducts

4. Diocletian

5. Constantine

6. Clovis

7. Attila

8. corruption

9. Justinian

10. Theodora

11. Byzantine Empire

12. mosaics

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G7C3 Key Terms and People1. sand dunes

2. oasis

3. sedentary

4. caravan

5. souk

6. Muhammad

7. Islam

8. Muslim

9. Qur’an

10. shrine

11. pilgrimage

12. mosque

13. jihad

14. Sunnah

15. Five Pillars of Islam

In the 200’s, convinced that the empire was too big for one person to rule, Diocletian divided the empire. He ruled one-half of the empire and named a co-emperor to rule the other half.

100 Answer

1. The Legacy of Rome 8. Nomads2. Early Christianity in the Roman Empire 9. Muhammad’s Teachings3. The Eastern and Western Empires 10. Judaism4. Invasions of the Roman Empire 11. Christianity5. Why Rome Fell? 12. Islam6. The Byzantine Empire 13. The Five Pillars of Islam7. The Glory of Constantinople 14. Sources of Islamic Beliefs

200 Answer

• Qur’an - Holy book that includes all the messages Muhammad received from God

• Sunnah - Muhammad’s example for the duties and way of life expected of Muslims

• Shariah - Islamic law, based on interpretations of the Qur’an and Sunnah


This religion uses the Torah for its holy book of learning.

300 Answer


This religion uses the Bible for its holy book of learning.

400 Answer


This religion uses the Qur’an for its holy book of learning.

500 Answer


These people constantly traveled and traded goods throughout the desert.

600 Answer


The idea of writing down laws and a having a separation of powers for a government. The use of roads to connect cities to provide accessible trading routes. Buildings that continue to use the pillar design for architectural features.

700 Answer


Problems Inside the Empire 1. Large size made communication difficult. 2. Corruption became common. 3. Rich citizens left Rome for country estates. 4. Taxes and prices rose.

Problems Outside the Empire 1. Barbarians began invading the empire.

800 Answer


The Romans fought desperately to keep the Goths away from Rome. They also paid the Goths not to attack them. For many years this strategy worked. In 408, however, the Romans stopped making payments. This made the Goths furious. Despite the Romans’ best efforts to defend their city, the Goths sacked, or destroyed, Rome in 410.

The destruction of Rome absolutely devastated the Romans. No one had attacked their city in nearly 800 years. For the first time, many Romans began to feel afraid for the safety of their empire.

900 Answer


Muhammad became a prophet and introduced a religion called Islam in Arabia. __________________ had similarities to Judaism and Christianity, but they also presented new ideas. He taught to believe in one God and should give money to help the poor.

1000 Answer


G7 Chapter 4 The Spread of Islam (AD 634-1650)





G7 Chapter 5 Early West African Societies (3000 BC – AD 300)






1. Abu Bakr

2. caliph

3. tolerance

4. Janissaries

5. Mehmed II

6. sultan

7. Suleyman I

8. harem

9. Shia

10. Sunni

11. Ibn Battutah

12. Sufism

13. Omar Khayyam

14. patrons

15. minaret

16. calligraphy

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1. Rifts

2. sub-Saharan Africa

3. Sahel

4. savannah

5. rain forests

6. extended family

7. animism

Covers most of North Africa or about a 1/3 of Africa territory

100 Answer

1. Trade in the Muslim World 8. Desert2. The City of Corboda 9. Savannah3. The Hajj 10. Rain Forest4. The Ottoman Empire 11. Village Society5. The Safavid Empire 12. Animism6. The Mughal Empire 13. Extended Family7. Islamic Achievements 14. Trade in West Africa

Much of Africa is covered by grasslands. Also, known as ______________.

200 Answer


The Astrolabe Although the Greeks invented the astrolabe, Muslim scholars greatly improved it.

Astronomy Muslim scientists made remarkable advances in astronomy. An observatory was built in the 1700s in Delhi, the capital of Mughal India.

Geography Muslims created new and better maps led to even more travel and a greater understanding of the world’s geography.

300 Answer


Was located in Spain, was a great center of Islamic learning. In fact, in the early AD 900s, it was one of the richest and most educated cities in Europe. ___________ was a great center of learning. Men and women from across the Muslim world and Europe came to study at the university there. They studied Greek and Roman scientific writings and translated them into Arabic. In addition, they studied writings produced in the Muslim world and translated them from Arabic to Latin. As a result, Arabic writings on such subjects as mathematics, medicine, astronomy, geography, and history could be studied throughout Europe.

.

400 Answer


The belief that bodies of water, animals, trees, and other natural objects have spirits. _______________ reflected West Africans’ dependence on the natural world for survival.

500 Answer


Located in central and western Africa.

600 Answer


In the mid-1200s Muslim Turkish warriors known as Ottomans began to take land from the Christian Byzantine Empire. They eventually ruled lands from eastern Europe to North Africa and Arabia.

The key to the empire’s expansion was the Ottoman army. The Ottomans trained Christian boys from conquered towns to be soldiers. These slave soldiers, called Janissaries, converted to Islam and became fierce fighters. Besides these slave troops, the Ottomans were aided by new gunpowder weapons—especially cannons.

700 Answer


The main items traded were gold and salt.

800 Answer


Every year, as many as 2 million Muslims make a religious journey, or pilgrimage, to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. This journey, called the ______, is one of the Five Pillars of Islam—all Muslims are expected to make the journey at least once in their lifetime if they can.

Mecca is the place where Muhammad lived and taught more than 1,300 years ago. As a result, it is the holiest city in Islam. The pilgrims who travel to Mecca each year serve as a living reminder of the connection between history and geography.

900 Answer


Families were very large in West Africa.

1000 Answer


G7 Chapter 6 West African Empires (1000-1600)






1. silent barter

2. Tunka Manin

3. Sundiata

4. Mansa Musa

5. Sunni Ali

6. Askia the Great

7. oral history

8. griots

9. proverbs

10. kente

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a process in which people exchange goods without contacting each other directly

100 Answer

1. Ghana Empire2. Silent Barter3. Overgrazing4. Mali Empire5. Mansa Musa6. Songhai Empire7. Oral Tradition

Most traditions in Africa have been passed down by word of mouth. The people of West Africa left no written histories of their own. Visitors to West Africa from other parts of the world, however, did write about the region. Much of what we know about early West Africa comes from the writings of travelers and scholars from Muslim lands such as Spain and Arabia.

200 Answer


Too many animals grazing in one area can lead to problems, such as the loss of farmland that occurred in West Africa. The 3 step process: 1. Animals are allowed to graze in areas with lots of grass. 2. With too many animals grazing, however, the grass disappears, leaving soil below exposed to the wind. 3. The wind blows the soil away, turning what was once grassland into desert.

300 Answer


It controlled the trading routes in West Africa so it was able to build an empire.

400 Answer


Mali’s greatest and most famous ruler, he was a devout Muslim. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca that helped spread Mali’s fame.

500 Answer


c. 1500 1. The ___________ built a new empire in West Africa. 2. Askia the Great ruled this empire as an Islamic empire. 3. The empire fell to Moroccan invaders, ending the great era of West African empires.

600 Answer


c. 1300 The leader of the ____________, Sundiata, conquered all neighboring enemies and had new agricultural methods introduced such as growing beans, onions, rice, and cotton. He held all power.

700 Answer


a process in which people exchange goods without contacting each other directly

800 Answer


Most traditions in Africa have been passed down by word of mouth. The people of West Africa left no written histories of their own. Visitors to West Africa from other parts of the world, however, did write about the region. Much of what we know about early West Africa comes from the writings of travelers and scholars from Muslim lands such as Spain and Arabia.

900 Answer


1000 Answer

Too many animals grazing in one area can lead to problems, such as the loss of farmland that occurred in West Africa. The 3 step process: 1. Animals are allowed to graze in areas with lots of grass. 2. With too many animals grazing, however, the grass disappears, leaving soil below exposed to the wind. 3. The wind blows the soil away, turning what was once grassland into desert.


Chapters 12 & 13 Chapters 14 & 15 Chapters 2 & 3 Chapters 4 & 5 Chapter 6

The Roman Empire

&

Rome and Christianity

The Fall of Rome

&

Early Americas

The Fall of Rome

&

The Rise of Islam

The Spread of Islam

&

Early West African Empires

West

African

Empires

100 - 3 100 - 2 100 - 3 100 - 8 100 - 2

200 - 7 200 - 3 200 - 14 200 - 9 200 - 7

300 - 8 300 - 9 300 - 10 300 - 7 300 - 3

400 - 5 400 - 1 400 - 11 400 - 2 400 - 1

500 - 11 500 - 4 500 - 12 500 - 12 500 - 5

600 - 1 600 - 7 600 - 8 600 - 10 600 - 6

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700 - 6 700 - 8 700 - 1 700 - 4 700 - 4

800 - 14 800 - 6 800 - 5 800 - 14 800 - 2

900 - 12 900 - 11 900 - 4 900 - 3 900 - 7

1000 - 9 1000 - 12 1000 - 9 1000 - 13 1000 - 3

3. Augustus

100

200

7. Civil Law

8. Romans Allow Many Religions

300

5. Roman Roads

400

11. Bible

500

1. Julius Ceasar

600

6. The Roman Arch

700

14. Constantine

800

12. Jesus of Nazareth

900

9. Jews and Romans Clash

1000

2. Why Rome Fell

100

3. The Byzantine Empire

200

9. Obsidian

300

1. The Goths

400

4. The Western Roman and Byzantine Empire

500

7. Justinian

600

8. maize

700

6. Theodora

800

11. Warfare

900

12. Upper Class vs. Lower Class

1000

3. The Eastern and Western Empires

100

200

14. Sources of Islamic Beliefs

10. Judaism

300

11. Christianity

400

12. Islam

500

8. Nomads

600

1. The Legacy of Rome

700

5. Why Rome Fell?

800

4. Invasions of the Roman Empire

900

9. Muhammad’s Teachings

1000

8. Desert

100

9. Savannah

200

7. Islamic Achievements

300

2. The City of Cordoba

400

12. Animism

500

10. Rain Forest

600

4. The Ottoman Empire

700

14. Trade in West Africa

800

3. The Hajj

900

13. Extended Family

1000

2. Silent Barter

100

7. Oral Tradition

200

3. Overgrazing

300

1. Ghana Empire

400

5. Mansa Musa

500

6. Songhai Empire

600

4. Mali Empire

700

2. Silent Barter

800

7. Oral Tradition

900

3. Overgrazing

1000

chapters 12 & 1312 13chapters 14 & 151415 chapters 2 & 323chapters 4 & 545 chapter...

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