chapter world civilizations the global experience world civilizations the global experience...
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Chapter
World CivilizationsThe Global Experience
World CivilizationsThe Global Experience
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
AP® Seventh Edition
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
Sections 6.7 and 6.8
Early Civilizations in the Americas
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
Early Civilizations in the Americas
• Reasons for later development– Later development of agriculture– Fewer domesticated animals– North–south travel across climates– Lack of metalwork, the wheel
• Limited archaeological remains– Little evidence, like Harappa
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
FIGURE 2.6 The origins of the Olmecs remain shrouded in mystery. Some of their enormous stone sculptures seem to have distinctively
African features that indicate possible transatlantic contact. Similar features also have been found in early Khmer art from southeast
Asia.
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
Early Civilizations in the Americas
• The Olmecs– c. 1500 B.C.E.
– Sculpture of giant stone heads– Formal calendar– Hereditary elite
• Chavin and the Andean World– Difficult transportation– Levels of agriculture encouraging trade
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
Early Civilizations in the Americas
• Chavin and the Andean World– Chavin de Huantar
850–250 B.C.E.
Large temple platforms Active craft population Influence unknown Continuing agriculture and population
growth despite decline
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
The End of the River Valley Period
• River valley societies widely separated– No single development as transition out of
this period
• The Heritage of the River Valley Civilizations– Lasting impact of the first civilizations
Basic ideas about social structures
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
The End of the River Valley Period
• The Heritage of the River Valley Civilizations– Basic tools of civilization
Writing Mathematics Political forms
– Enduring divisions among global populations
– Legacy of Egypt and Mesopotamia
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
The End of the River Valley Period
• New States and Peoples around 1000 B.C.E.– Phoenicians
New alphabet from about 1300 B.C.E.
Active as traders in the Mediterranean
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
The End of the River Valley Period
• Judaism– Semitic peoples
Settled in Eastern Mediterranean from 1200 B.C.E.
Special relationship with their deity Hebrew bible• Moral code• Appropriate forms of worship
Monotheism
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert
A Sumerian clay tablet with cuneiform characters aimed at tallying numbers of sheep
and goats as part of early agriculture.