CHAPTER TWOTHE GROWTH OF PUBLIC RELATIONS

In the Beginning…..

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Public Relations Evolutiondue to: Growth of big institutions The rights of all individuals Technology and communications Growth of public opinion and democracy Internet and World Wide Web connections

Periods of Historical Significance

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Periods of Historical Significance

Ancient contributions:

Greek sophists and oratory

Roman persuasive techniques

Pope Gregory XV and propaganda

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American Beginnings

Committees of Correspondence

Boston Tea Party The Federalist Papers

Bill of Rights

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“The Public Be Fooled Era”

P.T. Barnum

Master publicist

Staged events

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Press Agentry

Amos Kendall

First presidential press secretary

Part of Jackson’s Kitchen Cabinet

The Globe

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Advent of the Muckrakers

The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

History of the Standard Oil Company by Ida Tarbell

McClure’s Magazine

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Why did American businesses need to be watched by outsiders?

Clue:

Trust-busting

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Who were the robber barons?

Clue:

Wealth=Power

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“Public Be Informed Era”

Ivy Ledbetter Lee, Father of Modern Public Relations

Declaration of Principles Not Secret Not Advertising Accurate and Open

Modern Public Relations

Publicity Era

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Public Relations gets a start from government President Wilson creates the Creel

Committee

Creel Committee led by George Creel

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Counseling

Publicity Bureau established in l900

First Publicity Agency l902

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CounselingEra Edward L. Bernays, public relations scholar

Taught the first course at NYU

Wrote the first seminal works in public relations

Crystallzing Public Opinion

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Counseling Era

Edward L. Bernays married to first “mother” of public relationsDoris E. Fleischman

Together they built a national top agency

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What famous relative did Bernays claim as his uncle?

Clue:

Taboos

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Public Relations Evolution

Growth of large institutions and responsibility Increased changes, conflicts, and confrontations

among interest groups Awareness of sophisticated communications

technology Growth of public opinion and spread of global

democracy Growth of the Internet and World Wide Web

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Public Relations Education

200 Communication and Journalism programs offer concentrated studies in public relations

Up from 12 schools in l951

The Public Relations Society of America organized in l947, 20,000 members in 117 chapters nationally

The Public Relations Student Society of America formed in l968 and has 6,500 student members at 220 colleges and universities

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Why is public relations history important to the practice today?

Clue:

Roots

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What is the significance of press agentry, publicity, and counseling to the practice of public relations?

Clue:

Historical markers

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How did the World Wars play a role in the growth of public relations?

Clue:

Counselors seeded

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Can you win at the deck of cards?

Identify the public relations historical figure with the card.

Exercise