chapter 7 cell structure. microscopes are used to discover cells
TRANSCRIPT
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Microscopes•Are used to discover cells
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Cells• All living things are made up of cells• Cells come from preexisting cells• Cells are the basic units of structure
and function in organisms
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Cells•Smaller cells can move materials in and out of them quicker because the surface are is smaller.
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Proteins•Are made on ribosomes on rough endoplasmic reticulum
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Plants•Plants have two organelles
that animal cells don’t have–Chloroplasts–Cell Wall
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Prokaryotes• Bacterium have genetic material formed in a
single loop of DNA• Do not have their
DNA enclosed in aNucleus
** No nucleus
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Eukaryotes• Cells with a true nucleus• The nucleus is contained in a
membrane called the nuclear envelope or the nuclear membrane
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Organelles• Inside a cell and located
between the nucleus and the cell membrane is a substance called the cytoplasm
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Cytoskeleton• The web of protein fibers
that help organize the part of a eukaryotic cell are called the cytoskeleton.
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DNA• Deoxyribonucleic acid• Carries the instructions for making proteins• Found in the nucleus
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Lysosomes• Enzymes that can digest food are
found in vesicles called lysosomes.• Known as the “garbage disposal”
of the cell.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum and Ribosomes
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Flagella• A structure that sticks out from the cell’s
surface and allows it to move• A whip-like structures that is used for
movement
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Cell Membrane• Controls what enters and leaves a cell
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Tissues• Groups of cells that have similar structures and functions
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Organs• Heart• Lungs• Kidney• Brain
•Are examples of organs
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Colonial Organisms
• An organism made of many cells that are permenantly together and coordinate their activities
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Multicellular Organisms• Cells are arranged into tissues,
organs and organ systems
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