Chapter 5 Section 1Chapter 5 Section 1

I. The land and the People of Rome

I. The land and the People of Rome

A. Italy is a peninsulaB. Key Features: Apennine

Mountains, Po River, Plain of Latium (Rome)1. Plains and rivers make for

excellent farming

A. Italy is a peninsulaB. Key Features: Apennine

Mountains, Po River, Plain of Latium (Rome)1. Plains and rivers make for

excellent farming

C. Rome is located inland on the Tiber River 1. Could be defended from hills, safe

from pirates, located on a trade route

C. Rome is located inland on the Tiber River 1. Could be defended from hills, safe

from pirates, located on a trade route

D. A group called the Latins moved in to the Latium region of Italy around 1500 BC

E. Greeks and Etruscans moved into Italy around 800 BC1. Greeks gave Rome their alphabet

and architecture2. Etruscans made Rome a major city

and invented the toga

D. A group called the Latins moved in to the Latium region of Italy around 1500 BC

E. Greeks and Etruscans moved into Italy around 800 BC1. Greeks gave Rome their alphabet

and architecture2. Etruscans made Rome a major city

and invented the toga

II. The Roman RepublicII. The Roman Republic

A. Early Rome was ruled by Etruscan kings1. Later they were overthrown and a

republic was set up2. Republic- the leader is elected and

citizens can vote

A. Early Rome was ruled by Etruscan kings1. Later they were overthrown and a

republic was set up2. Republic- the leader is elected and

citizens can vote

B. Rome was constantly at war and defeated its neighbors

C. Rome Confederation- group of territories ruled by Rome, with Roman citizenship1. Gave soldiers to Rome2. Allowed Roman army to become

powerful

B. Rome was constantly at war and defeated its neighbors

C. Rome Confederation- group of territories ruled by Rome, with Roman citizenship1. Gave soldiers to Rome2. Allowed Roman army to become

powerful

III. The Roman StateIII. The Roman State

A. Romans didn’t trust kings because of the Etruscans

B. All Rome was divided into 2 groups: Plebians and Patricians1. Plebians- smaller landowning farmers,

crafts-people, merchants2. Patricians- large landowners, Rome’s

ruling class3. Both were citizens and could vote, only

patricians could hold political office

A. Romans didn’t trust kings because of the Etruscans

B. All Rome was divided into 2 groups: Plebians and Patricians1. Plebians- smaller landowning farmers,

crafts-people, merchants2. Patricians- large landowners, Rome’s

ruling class3. Both were citizens and could vote, only

patricians could hold political office

C. The executive branch of Rome had the consuls and the praetors1. 2 consuls ran the government and

led the army into battle2. The praetor applied the law to

citizens

C. The executive branch of Rome had the consuls and the praetors1. 2 consuls ran the government and

led the army into battle2. The praetor applied the law to

citizens

D. The Roman senate had 300 patricians who served for life and advised the consuls and praetor

E. The Centuriate assembly was the most important, it elected consuls and praetors, and passed laws

F. The council of plebs had a small amount of power in making laws

D. The Roman senate had 300 patricians who served for life and advised the consuls and praetor

E. The Centuriate assembly was the most important, it elected consuls and praetors, and passed laws

F. The council of plebs had a small amount of power in making laws

G. The Twelve Tables was the Roman system of law which applied to all citizens

H. The Law of Nations was a court system to deal with citizens and non-citizens

G. The Twelve Tables was the Roman system of law which applied to all citizens

H. The Law of Nations was a court system to deal with citizens and non-citizens