chapter 3. transportation has always been linked to: settlement growth determines where people...
TRANSCRIPT
TRANSPORTATION, SETTLEMENT, &
GROWTH
CHAPTER 3
TRANSPORTATION
Has always been linked to:SettlementGrowth
Determines where people live and businesses develop
The main source of transportation in early MS was rivers
TRANSPORTATION
3 most important rivers for travel and trade Mississippi Yazoo Big Black
ROADS
Early roads were Indians Trails and Buffalo Paths
Rivers were better than roads for the following reasonsRoads were more difficult and dangerous
than boatCouldn’t carry as much as boatRoads were more expensive
The first roads were called post roads
ROADS
The Natchez Trace was the most famous road ever created in MSConnects Natchez to NashvilleStands (hotels or inns) were built along the
Natchez Trace
ROADS Roads then were not like today
Mainly dirt trailWidened by cutting treesMuddyCouldn’t carry muchNo bridges
○ Used ‘fords’ to cross rivers○ Ford - shallow spot of water that can be crossed
Not as efficient as water, but went were water wasn’t located
STEAMBOATS
Created by Robert Fulton Made upstream transportation possible Carry as much as several flatboats It allowed for the interior of MS to be
opened for cotton plantations
NEW ORLEANS
RAILROADS By 1900, Steamboats had mostly been
replaced as way to travel & move goods Civil War increased the need for Railroads
Reasons: ship soldiers and supplies Advantages to the Railroad
Could be built anywhereFaster & safer than steamboatsOpened settlement and economic development
to areas without rivers Economic development = more farmland
HIGHWAYS
1920’s cars, trucks, & buses began appearing in MS
Roads were a problemDirt & gravel not good enoughWashed out and couldn’t handle loadsBridges were unsafe or didn’t existNo bridges crossed MS River (now 4)Demands for government to build roads
increased
HIGHWAYS
1930’s – modern highway system began with federal money
Link major MS towns together and big towns in neighboring states
1940’s bridges built over MS River at Vicksburg, Natchez, & Greenville
HIGHWAYS
1960’s – 1970’s Federal Interstate Highway System constructedAt least 4 lane divided highway with same
system across the countryEven #s go East and WestOdd #s go North and South3 digits are bypassesAbout 42,800 miles and growing
HIGHWAYS
INTERSTATES
MS’s Interstate’s55 runs the length of the state from
Memphis to McComb20 runs across the state from Atlanta to
Texas (crossing Meridian and Vicksburg10 runs across the coastal states59 runs from Hattiesburg to New Orleans
MS Counties, Towns, & Cities Till 1940, MS almost all rural
Made living by farming○ Lived off land, shopped at country stores,
country doctorsIdentified with their county
○ Paid taxes to county, law enforcement – sheriff
○ County school districts○ Only in last 60 years have people moved to
towns and cities
COUNTIES
1st counties – Adams & Jefferson – 1799
13 counties in 1817
Wayne County was 1st county east of Pearl River
Large land areas – small population
COUNTIES Indian Treaties signed over land 1820 – Treaty of Doak’s Stand
Choctaws ceded area of west central MSOrganized into Hinds County
○ Later split into 14 counties
1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit CreekChoctaws ceded the rest of their land in MS
1832 Treaty of Pontotoc CreekChickasaw Indians cede their land in NE MSBecame 13 counties in MS
INDIAN TREATIES
COUNTIES
New land – government wanted it settled so sold land cheap to draw in new settlers
RR and lumber boom in 1880 brought in more people to Piney Woods
Big counties started splitting up because people lived to far from county seats
TOWNS
Still today more people in MS live in rural area
MS is 4th most rural state in USA Civil War only 4 towns of size:
Natchez, Vicksburg, Columbus, & JacksonRiver cities – steamboats
After Civil War – Vicksburg would be MS largest city for 40 yearsSteamboat and railroad center
TOWNS
1910 railroad made Jackson & Meridian large towns
1930 Jackson becomes and stays largest town in state
Metropolitan areasArea with population of more than 100,000Several towns and cities grown into each
other
TOWNS
MS Metropolitan AreasJackson Metro Area
○ Inside Hinds, Madison, & Rankin Counties
Gulf Coast
Desoto County – South Memphis
Hattiesburg
METROPOLITAN AREAS
2010 CENSUS About 2,967,000 people in MS
Most people in state still live in rural area even if they work in cities
Houston3,500
Chickasaw County18,000
2010 CENSUS Largest Cities
Jackson – 173,000
Gulfport – 68,000
Southaven – 49,000
Hattiesburg – 46,000
Biloxi – 44,000
Largest Counties
Hinds – 245,000
Harrison – 187,000
Desoto – 161,000
Rankin – 142,000
Jackson – 140,000