Chapter 20 Chapter 20 The Eastern Mediterranean

SECTION 1 OBJECTIVESECTION 1 OBJECTIVE

Natural Environment

I.D. Landforms, rivers, climates, & natural resources of Eastern Mediterranean

List the List the countries & capitals countries & capitals discussed in this chapter.discussed in this chapter.

What 2 continents does What 2 continents does this region reside on? this region reside on?

Europe Asia

What are the major water What are the major water features in this area?features in this area?Jordan River ◦Located in Israel & Lebanon between the Sea of Galilee and Dead Sea

What are the major water What are the major water features in this area?features in this area?

Dead Sea located 1312ft below sea level, its shores are the lowest spot on the earth’s surface, it is extremely salty (easy to float)

What are the major water What are the major water features in this area?features in this area?Tigris &

Euphrates Rivers land between is known as Mesopotamia, both flow together to become the Shat al’ Arab.

Name the 3 common climate zones Name the 3 common climate zones & 3 common causes for these & 3 common causes for these

climate zonesclimate zones

Climate Zones Causes

AridSemi-AridMediterranean

Rain Shadow

ElevationDistance from the sea

What natural resources are What natural resources are found in this area?found in this area?Fossil Fuels Oil/ Coal/ Natural Gas

Mineral Copper/ Iron Ore/ Potash/ Magnesium

SECTION 2SECTION 2

History and Culture

1. I.D. various empires 7 their influence

2. Analyze how modern Israel came to be

3. Describe cultures

Give facts about the Give facts about the following empires:following empires:Romans

◦ 200-106 BCE conquered area-> most Jews exiled

◦ 1st century AD -> Christianity spreads from here

Give facts about the Give facts about the following empires:following empires:

Byzantine ◦ 400’s AD after fall

of Roman Empire◦ Christianity splits

into Eastern Orthodox & Roman Catholic

◦ Capital was Constantinople = now Istanbul

Justinian= Emperor of Byzantine Empire

Give facts about the Give facts about the following empires:following empires:Arab

◦ 600AD take over what is now Israel

◦ Turkic Muslims invade in 1077AD, forcing the Pope to declare war would later be known as the Crusades 1095-1200’s

◦ Muslims would later force Christians out

Give facts about the Give facts about the following empires:following empires:

Ottoman◦ 1300’sAD est.

Empire◦ 1453 est.

Constantinople as capital

◦ Empire collapses after WWI – only control Turkey

Conflict in this region.Conflict in this region.

How did Palestine & Israel How did Palestine & Israel come to be split?come to be split?1800’s Zionism – called for Jews to

set up homeland in PalestineWWI &WWII Jews move out of Europe1947 UN splits Palestine into Arab &

Jewish stateWars between Arabs & Israelis occur

from 1950’s-1982. Israel successful in picking up West Bank, Gaza Strip, & Golan Heights

*In Israel today, most of the Jewish holidays are recognized and practiced by everyone. Businesses are usually closed on these holidays.

List the popular languages List the popular languages & religions found in this & religions found in this

area.area.

Languages ReligionsArabic*HebrewTurkish EnglishFrenchRussianKurdish *Most Popular

Islam*Christianity Judaism

*Most Popular

SECTION 3SECTION 3

1. Describe economic activities in the area

2. ID characteristics of cities3. Analyze challenges facing the region

What unites people from What unites people from different ethnic groups in different ethnic groups in this region?this region?Religious traditions & cultures, unites people regardless of what group they belong to.

What are some of the reasons What are some of the reasons economic development has been economic development has been so hard in this area?so hard in this area?Natural HazardsPolitical Problems Hostile Relationships b/t

CountriesStrained resources due to over

populationCivil Wars (Lebanon & Cyprus)Weak Educational Systems

List the greatest hits for the List the greatest hits for the following:following:Agriculture Econs in this area rely

heavily on agriculture. Growth is due in part to the irrigation receive from near by rivers.

Industry Israel is the most technologically advanced nation here, making money from industry, diamonds, and chemicals

Tourism Accounts for a majority of money made in the region, but slows due to civil unrest.

What are the urban areas What are the urban areas like in this region?like in this region?Old or ancient

centers with newer areas outlying

Roads are small and winding

Open air marketsWar has destroyed

many cities like Beirut, Lebanon

*Damascus, Syria is considered to be the world’s oldest city

What are some important What are some important issues the region is currently issues the region is currently facing?facing?Political status of West Bank &

Gaza StripCivil Unrest due to unfair

treatment by government & moving to a more secure government

Drought limiting plant growth