chapter 2, section 1 our english heritage. influence from england english people brought with them a...
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Influence from England Noble families had much power Monarch gave them ownership and control of vast land in exchange for their loyalty, tax payments and promises of military supportTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 2, Section 1
OurEnglish
Heritage
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Influence from England• English people brought with them a
history of limited and representative gov’t• England has been ruled by a monarch for
centuries
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Influence from England• Noble families had
much power• Monarch gave them
ownership and control of vast land in exchange for their loyalty, tax payments and promises of military support
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The Magna Carta• 1199 – King John
inherited the throne and treated the nobles harshly
• 1215 – nobles forced the king to sign the Magna Carta (means Great Charter)
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The Magna Carta• This document
protected the nobles’ privileges and upheld their authority
• Granted certain rights to all land owners
• These rights eventually came to apply to all English people
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The Magna Carta• The rights of the Magna Carta include: • Equal treatment under the law• Trial by one’s peers
• The Magna Carta also limited the power of the monarch by guaranteeing that no one is above the law.
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Parliament• Henry III, followed
John and met regularly with nobles and church officials
• This group grew and began to include representatives of the common people
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Parliament• This group of people
developed into a legislature – a lawmaking body
• This body of gov’t was known as Parliament
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Parliament• For a long time, the
monarch cooperated with Parliament
• Mid 1600’s power struggles began
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Parliament• Parliament removed
King James II from the throne
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Parliament• Parliament invited
James II’s daughter and husband, William and Mary, to the throne
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Parliament• When this happened
Parliament demonstrated that they were now stronger than the monarch
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Parliament• This transfer of power is known as
the Glorious Revolution
• From this point on, no ruler
would have more power than the
legislature
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Parliament• To clarify this, Parliament drew up the
English Bill of Rights:1. Monarch could not suspend Parliament’s
laws2. The monarch could not create special
courts, impose taxes, raise an army3. Members of Parliament would be freely
elected and be guaranteed free speech during meetings
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Parliament• 4. every citizen
would have a fair trial by jury in court cases
• 5. cruel and unusual punishment would be banned – no use of torture
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Common Law• A long time ago, England had no laws• People developed rules to live by• These rules came to be laws• Courts came to be• The judges would look at rulings in
earlier cases to help them decide the punishment
• This is known as precedent
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Common Law• Example:
– If Bobby Joe comes to RMS wearing basketball shorts and they may be his favorite, but he will still have to call someone to bring him something else to wear.
– If Sue Ellen comes to RMS wearing a mini skirt then she too will have to call home for a change of clothes!!
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Common Law• The same thing happened to Sue Ellen
that happened to Bobby Joe.• This is precedent – Mrs. Lewis gives
everyone who is out of dress code the same punishment
• This system of law, based on precedent, is known as common law