chapter 18 section 3-4. fear of communism communist party in u.s. 100,000 members truman soft? ...
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COLD WARAT HOME
Chapter 18
Section 3-4
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Fear of Communism
Communist Party in U.S.100,000 members
Truman soft?
Federal Employee Loyalty ProgramGovernment employees
○ 3.2 million investigated○ Dismissed (212)
2,900 resigned
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Fear Cont.
House Un-American Activities CommitteeMovie industry = propaganda slipped into films43 subpoenaed
Hollywood Ten○ Refused to testify ○ Sent to prison
Blacklist ○ 500 actors
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Spies in U.S.
Alger HissFormer State Department official
Whittaker Chambers = former spy accused Hiss of spying○ Too long ago to be convicted o
Hiss convicted or perjury○ Nixon prosecuted him
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Spies
Ethel and Julius RosenbergMinor activists in Communist PartyAccused of giving secrets on how to make
atomic bomb to soviets.JewishPleaded 5th Electric chairThought by many to be innocent
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McCarthy Joseph McCarthy
Senator – Wisconsin
Ineffective legislator
charged that Communists taking over government○ Unsupported ○ said 205 = State
Department
McCarthyism = Unfair tactic of accusing people of disloyalty w/o evidence
1954 Claims against U.S. Army
Senate investigation○ Improper conduct
Died 3 years later○ Alcoholism
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H-Bomb race
Hydrogen Bomb 67 times the power of A bomb.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxF10IYOMCo
U.S. = November 1, 1952
Soviets = August 1953 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_
JyzMPTHa1U
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Brinkmanship
EisenhowerUse all our force to go to the edge of all out
war○ Nuclear weapons○ Policy called = Brinkmanship
Cut back Army, expanded Air Force
Buildup of nuclear weapons
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CIA
Central Intelligence AgencyGather information abroad on weapons
Covert operations○ Overthrow governments unfriendly to U.S.
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Warsaw Pact
Stalin dies 1953
Warsaw PactSoviet UnionMilitary alliance7 Easter European CountriesCommunist version of NATO
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Middle East
Eisenhower Doctrine The U.S. would defend the Middle East
against an attack by any communist country
Hungarian Uprising = 1956Dominated by the SovietsWanted a democratic government30,000 killed200,000 fled west
Why didn’t the U.S. Help??
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Cold War = Skies Nikita Khrushchev took over after Stalin Wanted Communism to rule world
Peaceful coexistence○ Compete economically / scientifically
Space Race Race to show who was more advanced
October 4, 1957○ Soviets
○ Sputnik = artificial satelliteJanuary 31, 1958
○ U.S.○ Satellite
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U-2
U-2 Incident = 1960 First drones
Collect information on troops / movement
Francis Gary Powers○ Shot down○ U.S. had to own up○ Tensions emerged○ Pilot sentenced to 10 years in prison