chapter 18. revolution – dec 2010 ◦ rulers removed in tunisia, egypt, libia & yemen ◦...
TRANSCRIPT
Islamic Empires Chapter 18
Why is it important to study and
understand Islam today?
Park51 – aka “Ground Zero Mosque”
Koran/Quran Burning
American Islamophobia?
European Islamophobia?
The Arab Spring
Revolution – Dec 2010◦ Rulers removed in Tunisia,
Egypt, Libia & Yemen◦ Protests: Bahrain, Syria, Algeria,
Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morroco & Sudan
Causes:◦ Absolute Monarchy◦ Political Corruption◦ Human Rights Violations◦ Economic Decline◦ Unemployment
Educated but dissatisfied youth
The Arab Spring
Arab Revolution Map
Massacre in Norway
What do you know about Islam?
Beliefs? Holy places? Holy writings? Symbols? Important people?
Place of worship? Where is it practiced? Etc…
World Map Showing the Distribution of Islam
Islam means “submission”
Monotheistic = 1 god◦ “Allah”
Prophet = Muhammad Holy book = Koran/Quran Worship place = Mosque
◦ Imam – male prayer leader Followers = Muslims
Islam – “The Basics”
5 Pillars of Faith
Internal Struggle:◦ live out the Muslim faith as
well as possible External Struggle:
◦ Obligation to build a good Muslim society
Holy war: ◦ Defense Islam, with force
if necessary
True Meaning of Jihad
"The best Jihad is the word of Justice in front of the oppressive Sultan“ – Muhammad
History of Islam
Began in Arabian Peninsula…
570 AD Muhammad Born…
At 40, Muhammad was visited by the angel Gabriel…
In Mecca, Muhammad began
to preach one god & equality…
Muhammad’s teachings upset ruling class in Mecca, so Muhammad fled to Medina (flight called “Hijirah”)…
In Medina Muhammad converted many to Islam,
this led to war w/ Mecca…
630 AD Muhammad and followers won war & returned to Mecca…
In 632 AD Muhammad died…
Islam after Muhammad
New leader called Caliph ◦ “Successor of Muhammad”
New Caliphs expanded Islamic Empire◦ India, N. Africa, and Spain
Problems…◦ Arguments o/ Caliph
Led to division of Islam 3 branches
1. Sunni◦ Majority sect – 90%◦ Believe followers of Islam chose Caliph
2. Shiite/Shiah◦ Minority sect – 10%◦ Believe Muhammad selected successor, his son-
in-law Ali Only descendents Ali rightful Caliphs
3. Sufi◦ Very, very small %◦ Believe experience god directly & live very simply
3 Branches Islam