chapter 16 what is matter?. section 16.2 measuring matter a review on measuring the volume and mass...
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CHAPTER 16 WHAT IS MATTER?
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SECTION 16.2Measuring Matter
A review on measuring the
volume and mass of matter.
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Liquid volume measurements:
•Easy to do… simply pour liquid into a marked container…
…and read the volume mark.
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To get the greatest accuracy, keep two
things in mind:
First, read the mark at eye level.
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Second, read the volume at the bottom of the meniscus, (the curve in the surface of the liquid) if the curve is downward.
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If the meniscus curves upward, then read it at the top of the curve.
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Solid volume measurements:
•So, what’s a regular solid?
•Calculate the volume of regular solids by using a formula.
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Check out page 272 in your IPC textbook:
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Use the displacement method to find the
volume of an object with an irregular shape.
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Submerge the object in water and measure how much water the object
displaces or pushes aside.
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Let’s measure the volume of a small object like a key…
Step 1:
Fill a 100 ml graduated cylinder with water to the halfway point – 50 ml.
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Step 2: Gently slide the key into the water.
• The water level in the graduated cylinder will rise as the key displaces some of the water.
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Step 3:Take a new volume reading. • The difference in the
two volume readings is the volume of the key. (53 ml – 50 ml = 3 ml)
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Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
•Mass is measured on a balance.
•Mass is measured in units of grams (g).
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A balance measures the mass of an object by
comparing it to objects whose masses are known.
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Mass is independent of the force of gravity.
•Would a balance function correctly on the moon? Why or why not?
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A scale measures the gravitational force (weight) between an object and Earth.•Would a scale
function correctly on the moon? Why or why not?
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How do you measure quantities of matter that are very small or very
large?
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We can use indirect measurement:
•Obtain a sample of the matter that is a measurable size.
•Measure its volume and mass.
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•Estimate or measure either the mass or the volume of the matter.•Set up a proportion.•Example: mass of sample = mass of matter
volume of sample volume of matter
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•Solve for the unknown quantity.
mass of matter = mass of sample x volume of matter
volume of sample