Chapter 16: Renaissance & Baroque Europe

Miss McAlpine

Week 6

What are we doing?

• Syllabus updated

• Head count for Warhol

• Review previous material

• Introduce Renaissance

Comparison

• Greeks focused on idealized physical form

• Romans emphasized physical accuracy

• Middle Ages focused on spiritual concerns rather than physical existence

• Renaissance portrayed Christian subjects in human terms

Renaissance

• Shift in attitude from religious dedication of the Middle Ages to the new philosophical, literary, and artistic movement – called humanism

• Shift from God and the hereafter to humankind and the here and now

• Renaissance = rebirth

“Lamentation” by Giotto di Bondone; Scrovegni Chapel, Padua,

Italy

The Renaissance in Italy

The Renaissance in Italy

• Italy was the principle homeland of the Renaissance

• Artists sought to integrate Christian spiritual traditions with rational ordering of physical life

• Began intense study of anatomy and light

• Linear perspective – based on the fact that parallel lines or edges appear to converge and objects appear smaller as the distance between them and the viewer increases

“The Holy Trinity” by Masaccio

Florence, Italy

Donatello

• Brought Greek ideal of human into Christian context

• Works:• “David” • “Mary Magdalene”

“David” by Donatello

Medici Family

• Dominated the life of Florence and Tuscany with great political skill and certain wealthiness

• It is thought that “David” was commissioned for this family

• Commissioned “Birth of Venus”

“Birth of Venus” by Sandro Botticelli

The High Renaissance10 min break

The High Renaissance

• 1490-1530

• Reached peak of accomplishments in Florence, Rome and Venice

• Developed style of art that was calm, balanced, and idealized

• Christian theology + Greek philosophy + science of the day

Leonardo da Vinci

• Motivated by strong curiosity and belief in the human ability to understand the physical world

• Believed art and science came to the same end – knowledge

• Kept many journals• “Babe in Womb”

• “Mona Lisa”

• “The Last Supper”

“The Babe in the Womb”

“Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci; 1503-1506

“The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci

Michelangelo Buonarroti

• Works of art:

• “David”

• “The Sistine Chapel”

“David” by Michelangelo

Buonarroti

“The Creation of Adam” by Michelangelo

Raphael

• Warmth and gentleness in contrast to Leonardo’s Solitary

• Most expressive is the clarity and balance, which marked the art of the period

• Paintings present his awareness of the divine in humans

“The School of Athens” by Raphael

Pope Leo X

• Medici ascendant

• Wanted to illustrate important events in the “Acts of the Apostles”

“Paul Preaching at Athens” by Raphael

Renaissance in Northern Europe

The Renaissance in Northern Europe

• Interest in realism arose in Northern Europe

• Artists to look at: • Jan van Eyck• Albrecht Durer• Lindbourg Brothers

Jan van eyck

• Leading painter in Flanders (present day Belgium)

• One of the first to use Oil paints

• Painted detail, illusion of depth, directional light, mass, rich textures

“The Arnolfini Portrait” by Jan

van Eyck

“The Knight, Death, and the Devil” by

Durer

“Les Tres Riches Heues du Duc de

Berry”

From “The Book of Hours”

By The Limbourg

Brothers

LATE RENAISSANCE IN ITALY

Late Renaissance in Italy

• Later in 16th cent. Architects made a deliberate effort to rethink and extend classical rules

“Villa Rotonda” by Andrea Palladio

“Feast in the House of Levi” by Paolo

Veronese

Baroque1600-1700

Baroque

• Dramatic use of light, scale and composition

• Art often appeals to emotion first

• Foreshortening

“The Conversion of St. Paul” by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio

“David” by Bernini

“The Ecstasy of St. Teresa”

by Bernini

“Maids of Honor” by

Diego Valazquez de Silva

“Return of the Prodigal Son” by Rembrandt

“Happy Accidents of the Swing” by Jean-Honore

Fragonard