chapter 16 environmental policy and regulation 16.1 the basic principle and feature of environmental...
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Chapter 16 Environmental policy and regulation
16.1 The basic principle and feature of environm
ental policy
16.2 Environmental law
16.3 Environmental standard
16.1 The basic principle and feature of environmental
policy
The Definition of environmental policy ： The administrative, legal, economic and technical regulation which is made by governments in order to protect the environment and natural ecosystems
Basic principle
Other principles
Environment democratic principles
Prevention first, integrating prevention with control and comprehensive improvement
Environmental liability principle
Environment and economic,social harmonious and sustainable development
Basic principles
Basic feature
Reinforce and adhere the leadership of Chinese
Communist Party in environmental protection
Persist in taking economic construction as the ce
nter
Persist in seeking truth from facts
Other principles
The development of environmental policy
1972 Stockholm conference on human environment Beginning
1973 China conference on environmental protection define the “32”words policy of environmental protection
Development carry on environmental protection work
“three simultaneous system”
the pollution-discharge fee system
The assessment system of environmental impact
Legal system
1978,constitutional law ：protect the environment and natural resources
1979 Issued Environmental Protection Law （ on trial ）Confirm the “32” words and”
those who created pollution to clearing it up” policy legally
The development of environmental policy
1982 set up State Environmental Protection Administration
1983 The second conference on environmental protection
Maturation Regulate the
environmental protection as
basic state policy
strategic policy of three
establishment, three simultaneous,
three unification
Law of the Prevention and Control
of Water Pollution
Law of the Prevention and Control
of Atmospheric Pollution
1992 Approved Top 10 countermeasures on environment and development
Environmental policy system
Environmental policy system
Environmental economic policy
Environmental technology policy
Environmental management policy
Environmental industry policy
Environmental trade policy
Environmental social policy
International environmental policy
16.2 Environmental law
Definition:it is the conception of legal norms which is concerned about the use, protection, improvement in environment and prevent pollution and other hazards ,and is an independent department in country legal system
Adjustment scope Natural environment: atmosphere, water, land, forest, grassland, etc.; Artificial environment: canal, reservoirs, artificial trees, historical sites , ur
ban and rural areas.
The emergence and development of the environmental law Stage Environmental legislation Object and scope of pr
evention Characteristics
After industrial revolution
In the mid 19th century
England ：《 law of the prevention and control of rivers 》USA ：《 law of coal smoke 》《 law of the pollution and control of oil 》Japan ：《 law of mining industry 》《 law of river 》
Atmosphere, water Restrictive regulation and the use of treatment technology is less concerned the environmental management by national countries
from the beginning of the 20th century to the 1960s, environmental hazards ove
rflow
USA ：《 law of water pollution control 》《 clean air act 》《 law of disposal solid wastes 》England ：《 clean atmosphere act 》《 clean river act 》《 noise control act 》《 law of comfortable living environment
》 the federal republic of germany,etc.
The atmosphere, water, noise, solid waste, radioactive substances, pesticides, toxic chemicals
Accelerate the pace of environmental legislation, extend the environmental protection to the industry, transportation, urban construction, water management and other departments
After the1970s In addition to promulgated specific regulations , many countries formulated environmental protection basic law
From pollution prevention expand to the protection of the whole nature environment and natural resources
environmental legislation is tend to be comprehensive,and formed independent department law ; conversion in legislation guiding theory; "ecological protection" idea in law
Green card:different mode of environmental law
European civil law: pollution prevention legislatio
n and urban planning legislation
American model: the typical common law country;
focused on summarization and analysis in the the
ory of environmental protection and nature prote
ction movement from the precedents Japanese model: forcused on the research of the p
recedents about pollution and environment.
16.3 Environmental standard
Content:it is the conception of various technical specifica
tions and technical requirements which is approvaled by a recognized authority and published in a particular form,in order to protect the environmental quality, maintain ecological balance, and safeguard human health and the social wealth.
Basic Properties Standardization Authority Technicality
State environmental standard system
National environmental standard system
National environmental protection system
Local environmental protection system
National environmental protection industry standard
National environmental quality standards
The discharge standard of pollutants
Standard of national environmental detection method
State environmental standard and sample standard
Basic standards of national environment
Quality standards of local environmental
The discharge standard of local pollutants
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