chapter 12 presentation by azar
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 12 presentation by azar](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052301/547d3d7d5906b57f378b4656/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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12-1 Adjective clauses: introduction12-2 Using who and whom in adjective ...12-3 Using who, who(m), and that in adjective ...12-4 Using which and that in adjective clauses12-5 Singular and plural verbs in adjective … 12-6 Using prepositions in adjective clauses12-7 Using whose in adjective clauses
CONTENTS
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12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
I have a terrific friend who is very kind.
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11-10 CPITALIZATION
12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
(a) I have a terrific friend.
adjective + noun
(b) I have a thoughtful friend.
adjective + noun
adjective modifies noun
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11-10 CPITALIZATION
12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
(b) I have a thoughtful friend.
adjective + noun
adjective noun
(usually)
(a) I have a terrific friend.
adjective + noun
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11-10 CPITALIZATION
12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
(c) I have a friend who is always cheerful.
noun + adjective clause
adjective clause modifies noun
11-10 CPITALIZATION
(d) I have a friend who is a doctor.
noun + adjective clause
11-10 CPITALIZATION
(e) I have a friend who lives next door.
noun + adjective clause
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11-10 CPITALIZATION
12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
(c) I have a friend who is always cheerful.
noun + adjective clause
noun adjective clause
11-10 CPITALIZATION
(d) I have a friend who is a doctor.
noun + adjective clause
11-10 CPITALIZATION
(e) I have a friend who lives next door.
noun + adjective clause
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12-2 USING WHO AND WHOM IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
The boy who has the phone is adorable.
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12-2 USING WHO AND WHOM IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) The child is adorable.
(b) The child is adorable.
He has the phone.
is a subject pronounhe
is a subject pronounwho
who has the phone
he adjective clausewho
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12-2 USING WHO AND WHOM IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) The child is adorable.
(b) The child is adorable.who has the phone
INCORRECT: The child is adorable who has the phone.
noun adjective clause
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12-2 USING WHO AND WHOM IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(c) The child was funny.
(d) The child was funny.
I saw him.
is an object pronounhim
is an object pronounwhom
whom I saw
him adjective clausewhom
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12-2 USING WHO AND WHOM IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(c) The child was funny.
(d) The child was funny.who has the phone
INCORRECT: The child was funny who has the phone.
noun + adjective clause
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12-1,12-2 LET’S PRACTICE
whotwo sentences one sentence
Jonah is in my English class.He is an excellent student.
who is an excellent student is in my English class.Jonah
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12-1,12-2 LET’S PRACTICE
whotwo sentences one sentence
Mary is an artist.She is very talented.
who is very talented is an artist.Mary
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whom we see are
12-1,12-2 LET’S PRACTICE
Øtwo sentences one sentence
We see the vendors.They are working in the floating market.
working in the floating market.
The vendors
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The girl that has the phone is friendly.
12-3 USING WHO, WHO(M), AND THAT IN ADJECTIVECLAUSES
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(a) The girl is friendly.
(b) The girl is friendly.who has the phone
INCORRECT: The girl has the phone is friendly.
(c) The girl that has the phone is friendly.
samemeaning
12-3 USING WHO, WHO(M), AND THAT IN ADJECTIVECLAUSES
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(a) The child is adorable.
(c) The child is adorable.
He has the phone.
is a subject pronounHecan be the subject that
that has the phone
He adjective clausethat
12-3 USING WHO, WHO(M), AND THAT IN ADJECTIVECLAUSES
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(d) The child was funny. I knew her.
(e) The child was funny.who(m) I knew
(f) The child that I knew was funny.
12-3 USING WHO, WHO(M), AND THAT IN ADJECTIVECLAUSES
(g) The child Ø I knew was funny.
object pronoun can be omitted from adjective clause
S O
who(m)
that
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12-3 LET’S PRACTICE
CORRECT INCORRECT ?OR
The people who(m) I met last night were really funny.
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12-3 LET’S PRACTICE
CORRECT INCORRECT ?OR
The woman is reading is my sister.
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12-3 LET’S PRACTICE
CORRECT INCORRECTOR ?The woman that is reading is my sister.
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12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
The computer that I just bought is really fast.
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12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) My computer is really fast. It is new.
(c) My computer that is new is really fast.
(b) My computer which is new is really fast.
s v
s v
s v
which thingsthat people / things
who, whom people
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12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) My computer is really fast. It is new.
(c) My computer that is new is really fast.
(b) My computer which is new is really fast.
adjective clausewhichIt
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12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) My computer is really fast. It is new.
(c) My computer that is new is really fast.
(b) My computer which is new is really fast.
adjective clausethatIt
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12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) That computer is really fast. It is new.
(c) That computer that is new is really fast.
(b) That computer which is new is really fast.
INCORRECT: That computer is new is really fast.
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which, that object in adjective clause
12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(d) The old car needs work. I drive it.
(f) The old car that I drive needs work.
(e) The old car which I drive needs work.
s v o
o s v
o s v
(g) The old car Ø I drive needs work.s v
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12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(d) The old car needs work. I drive it.
(f) The old car that I drive needs work.
(e) The old car which I drive needs work.
(g) The old car Ø I drive needs work.
same meaning
same meaning
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which we played
12-4 LET’S PRACTICE
whichtwo sentences one sentence
We played a game. The game was fun.
was fun.
The game
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we played
12-4 LET’S PRACTICE
Øtwo sentences one sentence
was fun.
The game
We played a game. The game was fun.
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the supermarket
12-4 LET’S PRACTICE
thattwo sentences one sentence
Where is the supermarket?It sells great produce.
that sells great produce?
Where is
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12-5 SINGULAR AND PLURAL VERBS IN ADJECTIVECLAUSES
I have a friend who is a wonderful gardener.
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12-5 SINGULAR AND PLURAL VERBS IN ADJECTIVECLAUSES
(a) I have a friend who is a wonderful gardener.
singular noun singular verb
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12-5 SINGULAR AND PLURAL VERBS IN ADJECTIVECLAUSES
(b) I have friends who are wonderful gardeners.
plural noun plural verb
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12-5 LET’S PRACTICE
isare
People who travel to other countries ___ required to have a passport.are
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12-5 LET’S PRACTICE
isare
A set of twins that ___ not identical ___ called fraternal.
isis
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12-5 LET’S PRACTICE
speakspeaks
There are many people in Europe who ______ more than one language.
speak
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12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
The new student I talked to was thrilled to be here.
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12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) The teacher is friendly. I talked to her.PREP Obj.
(b) The teacher whom I talked to is friendly.
PREPObj.
(c) The teacher that I talked to is friendly.
(d) The teacher Ø I talked to is friendly.
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(e) The teacher to whom I talked is friendly.PREP Obj.
FORMAL ENGLISH
preposition + whom + adjective clausewhich
MUST have pronoun
12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
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12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(f) The paper is long. I am working on it.PREP Obj.
(g) The paper which I am working on is long.
PREPObj.
(h) The paper that I am working on is long.
(i) The paper Ø I am working on is long.
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(j) The paper on which I am working is long.PREP Obj.
FORMAL ENGLISH
preposition + whom + adjective clausewhich
MUST have pronoun
12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
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which we
whichtwo sentences one sentence
We went to a game. It was boring.
went to was boring.
The game
12-6 LET’S PRACTICE
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Ø we
Øtwo sentences one sentence
went to was boring.
The game
12-6 LET’S PRACTICE
We went to a game. It was boring.
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12-6 LET’S PRACTICE
We visited a Rodin museum yesterday. It was beautiful.
that
that we visited
yesterday was beautiful.
The Rodin museum
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
The boy whose wrist is broken has a cast.
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) The boy has a cast. His wrist is broken.
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) The boy has a cast. His wrist is broken.
whose wrist
(b) The boy whose wrist is broken has a cast.
whose possession
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) The boy has a cast. His wrist is broken.
(b) The boy whose wrist is broken has a cast.
adjective clause
whose wrist
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(c) I have a friend. Her mother is a doctor.
whose mother
(d) I have a friend whose mother is a doctor.
whose possession
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(c) I have a friend. Her mother is a doctor.
whose mother
(d) I have a friend whose mother is a doctor.
adjective clause
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(e) The family was moving. I bought their car.
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(e) The family was moving. I bought their car.
whose car
(f) The family whose car I bought was moving.
whose possession
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12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(c) The family is moving. I bought their car.
whose car
(d) The family whose car I bought was moving.
adjective clause
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12-7 LET’S PRACTICE
This is my friend Ichiro.His sister is a famous scientist.
whowhose
whose sister
is a famous scientist.
This is my friend Ichiro
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12-7 LET’S PRACTICE
I go to a great doctor.She is very busy.
who is very busy. I go to a great doctor
whowhose
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12-7 LET’S PRACTICE
I go to a busy doctor.Her patients often have to wait in line.
whose patients often
have to wait in line.
I go to a busy doctor
whowhose
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