NORTH AFRICA TODAY

Chapter 11 Section 1

1. EGYPT TODAY Capital: Cairo

Is the center of the Muslim World – has many schools, universities, and mosques

Lifeline of Egypt – NILE RIVER (supplies 85% of Egypt’s water)Controlled by dams and channels

Starts in East Africa and goes North to the Mediterranean Sea

EGYPT TODAY Eastern Desert (Arabian Desert) is east

of the Nile Libyan Desert is west of the Nile

2. EGYPT’S ECONOMY Economy

COTTON and OIL is main export TOURISM

Pyramids and temples

3. EGYPT’S HISTORY Controlled by Roman

Empire and Greece

A.D. 641 – taken over by Arabs in Southwest Asia, started practicing Islam 94% are Muslim today

Controlled by British in 1800s

EGYPT’S HISTORY Became independent in

1952 Republic form of gov.

Was led by Gamal Abdel Nasser from 1954-1970 (first Egyptian PRESIDENT)Made Egypt a leading

country in the Muslim World

EGYPT’S HISTORY

Hosni Mubarak (1981-2011)Egyptians protested against Mubaraks and

demanded his regime come to an end.

Grievances of Egyptian protesters were focused on legal and political issues including police brutality, state of emergency laws, lack of free elections and freedom of speech, corruption, and economic issues including high unemployment, food price inflation and low wages. The primary demands from protesters were the end of the Hosni Mubarak regime, the end of emergency law, freedom, justice, a responsive non-military government and a say in the management of Egypt's resources. Strikes by labor unions added to the pressure on government officials

EGYPT’S HISTORY

Morsi (2012-2013) Egyptians revolted against his regime from Nov

2012- June 2013

On November 22, 2012, tens of thousands of protesters started to demonstrate against president Mohamed Morsi, after Morsi's government announced a temporary constitutional declaration that in effect granted the president unlimited powers.

EGYPT’S HISTORY Adly Mansour-

Current President as of 2013

4. EGYPT’S CITIES Overcrowded – 8 million people

living just in CairoPovertyPollutionNot enough houses, schools, or

hospitals

FYI:•Population has doubled since 1981•1/5 of the population lives on less than $1 a day•38% of Egyptians are under 15

5. EGYPT’S PEOPLE Population: 72.1 Million – most live within

20 miles of the Nile River

Majority of Egyptians are fellahin – farmers who live in villages and farm small plots of rented land

Leftover food is sold in bazaars (marketplaces)

City-Dwelling Egyptians work in service industry