chapter 1 plant safety and health
TRANSCRIPT
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DKK3423PLANT SAFETY & HEALTH
CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTIONBy:
Mdm Malyanah Binti Mohd Taib
Lecturer, FKKSA, [email protected]
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SAFETY PROGRAMMESS:system
A:attitude
F:fundamentalsE:experience
T:timeY:you
*To record what needs to be done to have anoutstanding safety program*To do what needs to be done
*To record that the required tasks are done
* willingness to do some of the thankless workthat is required for success
* Everyone should take the responsibilites tocontribute to the safety program
* Learn from the experience of history or bedoomed to repeat it
* Understand the fundamentals of chemicalprocess safety in the design, construction andoperation of the plants
* safety takes time (study, to do the work, torecord results, to share experience, time totrain/be trained)
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Loss
prevention
RiskHazards
Safety
appropriate technologies
identify the hazards of a
chemical plant
eliminate before accident
occurs
chemical or physical
condition
potential to cause adamage to people,
property, or the
environment.
measure of human injury,
environmental damage, oreconomis loss
accident likelihood and the
magnitude of the loss or
injury
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The most effective means ofimplementing a safety program is to
make everyone responsible in a chemicalprocess plant.
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The importance are:
Prevents the valuable equipments from totally damaged
and losing a large amount of investment.Assures the prolonged human resource contribution to
profit the chemical plant.
To avoid other indirect cost
IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY AND HEALTH INCHEMICAL INDUSTRY
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Hazardis a chemical or physical condition that has thepotential to cause damage to people, property or the
environment.
HAZARD AND RISKS
Dangeris arisen when one exposed with the hazard.
Risk is a measure of human injury, environmentaldamage or economic loss in terms of both the incidentlikelihood and the magnitude of the loss or injury,severity.
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Accident and loss statistic are important measures ofthe effectiveness of safety program.
These statistics are valuable for determining whethera process is safe or whether a safety procedure isworking effectively.
There are three systems consideredOSHA incidence rate.
Fatal accident rate (FAR)
Fatality rate or deaths per person per year
ACCIDENTS AND LOSSSTATISTICS
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coveredperiodduringempployeesallbyworkedhoursTotal
200000xillnessandinjuriesofNumber
illness)andinjurieson(basedrateincidence
OSHA
ACCIDENTS & LOSS STATISTICS(cont)
coveredperiodduringempployeesallbyworkedhoursTotal
200000xayslost workdofNumber
ays)lost workdon(basedrateincidence
OSHA
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ACCIDENTS & LOSS STATISTICS(cont)
coveredperiodduringempployeesallbyworkedhoursTotal
10xfatalitiesofNumberFAR
8
populationapplicableinpeopleofnumberTotal
yearperfatalitiesofNumberrateFatalities
FAR = Fatal Accident Rate
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A process has reported FAR of 2. If an employee worksa standard 8-hr shift 300 days per year, compute the
deaths per person per year.
Solutions
Death per person per year =
(8hr/day) x (300 day/yr) x (2 deaths/108 hr)
= 4.8 x 10-5
Example
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Responsible Care = a well- organized, pro- activeapproach to managing health, safety and environmentaspect of our plants and business as that goes beyond
legislative requirements
CICM is the Malaysian steward for the ResponsibleCare Programme (RCP), which is a global initiativeadopted by chemical companies to continuously
improve all aspects of safety, health and environment(SHE) protection of their operations and products in
manner responsible to the concerns of the public.
Responsible Care
Source: www.responsiblecare.org
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DISTRIBUTION CODE (Aug 3, 95)
to reduce the potential for harm posed by thedistribution of chemicals to the general public,
employees and the environment
COMMUNITY AWARENESS AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE CODE (Nov 2, 96)
to work with nearby communities to understand theirconcerns and to plan and practice for emergencies
POLLUTION PREVENTION CODE (Nov 25, 97)
to achieve ongoing reductions in the amount of all
pollutants released into the environment
Codes of ManagementPractices
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PROCESS SAFETY CODE (May 19, 99)
to prevent fires, explosions and accidental chemicalreleases
EMPLOYEE HEALTH AND SAFETY CODE (May19, 99)
to protect and promote the health and safety of
people working at or visiting company sites.PRODUCT STEWARDSHIP CODE (Nov 17, 99)
to make health, safety and environmental protection apriority in all stages of a product's life, from design to
disposal.
Codes of ManagementPractices
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Flixborough, EnglandBhopal, IndiaSaveso, Italy
Pasadena, TexasChirnobyl, ALgeriaMinamata, Japan
Tasks- Form 10 groups
- Choose one of the accidents above.- Download 1 video related to it
- Make conclusion from the accidents based on safetypoint of view (Where, When, How, Why, What)
- Presentation on Thursday, 7 MAC 2013
Case Studies