CHAPTER 1BIOLOGY: THE STUDY OF

LIFE

Take out your notesHW due Mon: Foldable for

ALL vocabulary terms (14 of them) on p. 3

Section 1.1What is Biology?

What is biology?What is biology?Bios = logos = Biologists study:• The interactions of life• The interactions of the

environment• Problems and propose solutions

lifelife studystudy

No living thing exists in No living thing exists in isolationisolation• Take 11 minute and create a

list of living organisms that you interact with.– Which ones do you have

direct interaction with?

– Which ones do you have indirect interaction with?

– For extra credit: Make a web showing the direct and indirect connections you have to other living organisms

• Farming industry relies on bees to pollinate their crops to generate fruits & vegetables

• Most bees are “rented” from commercial apiaries

• Farming communities in the U.S. have dropped by 50-70%

• Phenomenon called Colony Collapse disorder (CCD)– Fungus– Virus– Radiation – Pesticides

Where have all the bees gone?Where have all the bees gone?

Characteristics of Living Characteristics of Living ThingsThings• Organism = something that displays the

characteristics of life, something that’s living

General characteristics General characteristics of life:of life:• ALL living things:

– Have an orderly structure– Produce offspring– Grow and develop– Adjust to changes in the

environment

• Why isn’t a car considered living?

Living Things Are Living Things Are OrganizedOrganized• Organization occurs inside

and outside an organism• Cells = smallest unit that can

perform life processes– “Uni” = 1 (unicellular – single

cell)– “Multi” = more than 1 (multi-

cellular - several cells)

• Simplest: (1) (1) atomatomOrganization - from simple to Organization - from simple to complexcomplex

(1) Atoms (1) Atoms make up (2)(2) Biomolecules Biomolecules – Proteins

– Fats

– Carbohydrates

– Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)

(2)Biomolecules (2)Biomolecules make up (3) (3) OrganellesOrganelles which make up a (4) (4) CellCell

(4) Cells (4) Cells come together to form the (5) Tissues(5) Tissues of different (6) Organs(6) Organs

(6)Organs(6)Organs work together in an (7) Organ System(7) Organ System to allow an (8) Organism (8) Organism to function.

Living Things Living Things ReproduceReproduce

• Reproduction = production of offspring, necessary for the continuation of a species

• Species = a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce offspring that can also breed

Living Things Grow and Living Things Grow and DevelopDevelop• Offspring grow and mature to

also be able to reproduce

Living Things Can Living Things Can Adjust to Their Adjust to Their SurroundingsSurroundings• Homeostasis = organisms can

maintain a stable internal environment even though the outside environment is changing– Including obtaining and using energy,

gas exchange with the environment, temperature control, and water balance

• Stimulus = something that causes the organism to react

• Response = the reaction to a stimulus

See if you can identify the stimulusstimulus in the situations below:

• The body shivers when the temperature gets cold

• When you turn the lights off your pupils dilate to allow in more light

• Your body produces more insulin when there’s more glucose in the bloodstream