Chap 9 Internet Tools

• Web Browser– How a web browser works– Types of browser

• Using Internet Explorer– Getting around IE– Navigating the Web– Internet Options– E-Mail software– Windows FTP and Telnet– Searching the Internet

The Web

When you use a web browserto access a page on the web, you are actually asking a remote server to send you a file.

This is done by issuing a command via the browser to “get” a specific file, as in:

http://www.microsoft.com/ms.htm

This is address is actually called the URL, or Uniform Resource Locator. It is the location of a file on a Microsoft server.

This is the file name “ms.htm”

Web Browsers

Web Browsers

Web browsers were already defined…but to reinforce this:

A web browser is a program that locates a web page by using an URL and displays it. The browser reads and translates HTML formatted files. Modern web browsers are bundled with many other capabilities including FTP, e-mail and newsreading. The 3 most popular web browsers are:

• Microsoft Internet Explorer• Netscape Navigator • Opera

Address box- enter the URL here…

Main Window – the HTML page is displayed here…

Anatomy of a Web Browser…

Toolbar and Menu…including back, forward, home and reload commands

Address box- the current URL is also displayed here…

How a Web Browser works

After entering an URL (pronounced “earl”) and sending the “get” command, the web browser searches for and downloads the page and all the attached graphics and other files. It then translates the HTML code to the web page you see.

This is shown on the next two slides:

• The first shows the HTML (and javascript) code that the browser reads.

• The second shows the web page as it is translated for viewing…note the

URL in the upper left… http://www.microsoft.com/ms.htm

Your browser “sees” this…

You “see” this…The URL

Types of BrowsersThere are many different types of web Browser. The most popular are:

Microsoft Internet Explorer :– Supported Operating Systems: Windows 95/98/ME/NT/NT4/2000/XP– Disk space required : 70 MB

Netscape– Supported Operating Systems: Windows 95/98/ME/NT/NT4/2000/XP,

MAC OS, Red Hat Linux– Disk space required : 26 MB

Opera– Supported Operating Systems: Windows 95/98/ME/NT/NT4/2000/XP,

BeOS, Linux, Mac OS, OS/2, Symbian OS

– Disk space required : 12 MB

Lynx – Text only Web browser– Programming code is freely available to anyone

Using Internet Explorer

Internet Explorer (IE) is Microsoft’s web browser it comes with Windows XP, and many of the previous versions of Windows…the About window below is a link to the IE 6 homepage, it can be downloaded for free from there…

Note that the next slides will demonstrate IE using version 6. This version was released at the end of August 2001.

Internet Explorer is installed by default on Windows XP and can be accessed by clicking on the IE desktop icon or the menu entry on the Programs sub-menu

Site search tool

Site navigation menus

Menu and Toolbars

The current web address or URL

Hyperlinks, many of the graphics on web pages are links, too

Using Internet Explorer

To change the buttons displayed on Internet Explorer toolbar:

• Right-click the tool bar and then click Customize: You can

• Add or Remove command buttons• Select where, or whether or not to

display text• Select to display Large or Small

icons

Navigating the Web

Opening a Web page, a folder, a file or an FTP site and moving through the Web site or the file folders can be accomplished in several ways.

To open a Web page, a folder, or to run a program using the Address bar:

• To open a Web page, type the address (URL), such as, www.microsoft.com in the Address bar, and then click the Go button.

• To run a program from the Address bar, type the program name, and then click the Go button. If this does not work you may need to type the complete path and file name; for example: C:\MSOffice\Winword\Winword.exe

• To open or browse through folders from the Address bar, type the drive and folder name, such as C:\ or C:\My Documents and then click the Go button.

Navigating the Web

• The AutoComplete feature provides a dropdown list of suggestions created from previous entries you have made in the Address bar as you type. AutoComplete’s list of suggestions comes from Internet Explorer’s History,

To modify the AutoComplete settings:

• From the Tools menu, click Internet Options

• Then click the Content tab.

• In the Personal information section, click AutoComplete

• Select the items you want AutoComplete to save and display

Using Internet Explorer

Now for a few more tips, and then you can try out IE on your own…the only way to learn to use this complex software is by working with it.

To copy images from a website…this isn’t stealing…I don’t think?

1. Right click on the image you want to copy2. Select Save Picture As…from the pop-up menu3. Select a destination and a filename…It is best NOT to change

the file extension, as it is based on the file type and changing it could make it hard to open…or find for that matter!

4. Click the Save button and you are done.

…right-clicking on an image displays a pop-up menu from which you accomplish several tasks...

…select Save Picture As…to save an image.

…select Save Target As…to save the “linked” object, such as a file or another webpage.

…select Copy…to place a copy of the image in the clipboard that can then be pasted into another document.

…some web sites, however, aren’t happy to share their components.

Right clicking on the image offers you no

possibility to save the picture, especially in case

of Macromedia applications

Using Internet Explorer

…right-clicking on an URL in the Address box, displays a pop-up menu that offers the options to Cut, Copy, Paste or Delete the entry...

…this would be a way to copy an URL to use in a paper or some other academic endeavor like homework...

Back, Forward, Stop and Refresh

Go Back a page…

Display the Favorites list

Refresh or Reload – downloads the current web page to get the most recent files …some pages need to be manually updated occasionally..this will do it!

Move back to the Home page as set in the Internet Options

Search using the default search page, MSN…

Go Forward a page…

Stops the current activity, such as a page or file download.

…the View menu provides ways quickly to change the look of IE by adding or removing features such as the Status bar and the Toolbars. It also gives access to the View Source command which displays the source code of the currently displayed page.

…the Favorites menu presents a listing of what some call bookmarks. Microsoft calls them favorites and places them under this menu item. The Organize command allows you to create new folders and move and delete the entries as you wish.

…the Tools menu accesses the Internet Options… window. It also opens an e-mail reader when you select Mail and News, then Read Mail.

Internet Explorer Keyboard ShortcutKey Sequence Action

CTRL + O or CTRL + L Open a web page, file or folder

F1 Display Internet Explorer Help

F5 or CTRL + R Refresh

F11 Toggle between full-screen and regular view

ESCAPE Stop

Alt + Left arrow or BACKSPACE Back

Alt + Right arrow Forward

Alt + Home Open the Home page

TAB Move forward through items on a Web page

HOME Move to the beginning of a Web page or document

END Move to the end of a web page or document

ENTER Open or activate a link

Shift + TAB Move back through the items on a Web page

CTRL + N Open a new browser window

CTRL + D Move the cursor to the Address bar

CTRL + W Close the currently active window

CTRL + S Save the current page or document

CTRL + P Print the current page, page frame or document

CTRL + F Find (on the current page)

CTRL + E Open the Search bar

CTRL + I Open the Favorites bar

CTRL + H Open the History bar

You can modify the settings that Internet Explorer uses to provide a more custom browsing experience by accessing the Internet Options through the Tools menu

General: includes History, Temporary Internet file and Home page setting

Security: Internet Explorer’s Security Zone settings

Privacy: Cookie handling and Web site Platform for Privacy Preferences interface configuration

Content: Controlling the content that

can be viewed by IE

Programs: SelectPrograms such as e-mail and HTML

editing

Advanced: more Advanced functions

Connections: OptionsFor creating and managing your

connection to the Internet

Home Page

• The Home page Setting on the General tab simply sets the web page that will be displayed when you launch Internet Explorer. This is also the page you return when you click the Home button on the Toolbar.

To change the current Home page setting:

• Enter a new address or file path in the “Address” text box

Or,

• Press the Use Current button to set the currently displayed page as the Home page

Or,

• Press the Use Default button to set the page that was the original Home page when IE was first installed

Temporary Internet FilesThe temporary Internet Files folder is where Web pages and their associated

file are stores when they are downloaded before being displayed in your browser.

To delete the currently stored temporary Internet filed• From the Tools menu, select Internet Options• From the General tab, click the Delete files button• This will present you with a confirmation dialog box, click OK to delete

the files

To view the file currently saved in the Temporary Internet file folder: • From the Tool menu, select Internet Options• From the General tab, click the Settings button• From the Settings dialog box, click the View Files button.

History

Internet Explorer’s History provides a record of what Web pages or file you have opened.

To view the web pages you have recently opened or visited:

• From the Toolbar, click the History button.

• The History bar will be displayed at the left of the window

• From the History bar, select a timeframe

• Then click a shortcut to open the Web site folder, then click on a page’s shortcut to display individual pages.

SecurityThe security features of Internet Explorer help to protect your computer from being accessed by scripts or applications run from Internet sources in ways that are not acceptable to you.

To add a Web site to a security zone:

• From the Tools menu, click Internet Options.• Click the Security tab, and then click one of the security zone icons at the

top to select that zone.• Click Sites.• From the Add this Web site to the zone text box, enter the Internet address

(URL) for the Web site that you want to add to this zone.• Click the Add button

Privacy

• The privacy and security are major concerns of computer users. While Internet explorer addresses some of these concerns, many more still remain unresolved.

Connections

The Connections tab provides the ability to add, remove or modify any or all of your connections to the Internet.

To change the settings of a connection that is currently held:

• From the Tools menu, click Internet Options.

• Select the Connections tab.

• Select a connections in the Dial-up and Virtual Private Network settings list box

• Click the Settings button to access the settings for the selected connection.

…the Connections tab is where you setup or reconfigure your Internet connection settings. You can have multiple connections listed here.

…the LAN Settings button not only configures network connections, but also cable modem and other high speed connections.

ProgramsYou can select which programs Internet Explorer uses to open, edit or view files, or which program handles specific functions not directly supported by IE. The selectable programs are HTML editor, E-mail, Newsgroups, Internet Call, Calendar, Contact List.

To modify any of the default program settings:

• From the Tools menu, click Internet Options.

• Select the Programs tab.• To change a specific program setting, click

the down arrow at the right of that setting’s text box.

• From the list select, the program you wish to use in the future.

• Click OK

Electronic Mail…orE-mailE-mail refers to the transmission of messages over a computer network. Although these messages were text only messages during the infancy of the Internet, they now can be sent in HTML with audio, video or other multimedia presentations attached. Some systems remain text-only mail systems, but the move is to multimedia messaging.

E-mail is sent and received using specific e-mail protocols and software. Although most all browsers include e-mail capabilities many people still rely on single purpose mail programs, like Pine, Eudora and Pegasus.

Electronic Mail…orE-mail

To use e-mail you need to have an account on an e-mail server. This is usually done through your Internet Service Provider (ISP).

A Webmail account can be had and accessed without having an account with an ISP. They are e-mail accounts that can accessed from any computer that can access the web. Hotmail or Yahoo!mail are two examples of Webmail.

Now a word about Spam, its not the “pork product”…its e-junk mail.

E-mail Basics…Microsoft Outlook 2002

A hyperlink…

Folder list…

The E-mail body

The E-mail Inbox of Outlook 2002 lists the received mail along with the Sender’s name, Subject and the date of receipt

E-mail Basics…Pine, on SacLinkThis is Pine running on SacLink…it is a text based e-mail program. The

window is actually QVT Term, a program that allows a Windows computer to connect to different systems, like Unix or mainframe computers.

The mail header

The E-mail body

You navigate by selecting options from here…like “m” for the Main menu.

Web Mail

• A web mail account is available everywhere

• Limits comes from a short amount of space in the mail box and the high quantity of spam that comes in.

Searching the Internet, the use of Search EnginesA search engine is a program that presents the results of a search based on the criteria entered and the methodology of the program. Each search engine uses different ways to locate the results of your request. This means that not only are the programs written differently, but they also search different databases.

That’s right, these engines do not actually search the entire Internet each time you enter a new search criteria, but instead they look through their own (or another company’s) pre-indexed database of web pages and links.

There are many search engines available on the Internet, for example…

Some of the many Search Engines

Search Engines

To use a search engine you need to enter a query. A query or a search criterion is a way of describing the web page or information that you want to find. For example, if you want information on “big red rabbits”, you might enter big red rabbits into the query text box on the engine’s page.

The queries can be quite long and can use numerous “operators” to show the relationship of the words you enter to each other. Or, they can be as simple as one word, for example…

…if you want information on MIS 1abc you would do as shown on the next slide…

Search Engines

The search criteria or query…we want to find web pages that are related to MIS 1abc

The Google search engine URL

Advanced search options

Search Engines

The Google search engine URL now includes the “query string”

These are the related pages found by the Google search engine. There are more, scroll down to see the entire results.

The original query…

Search Engines

The next four slides show some intermediate to advanced query string methods. They are useful when you need to narrow your search. Many times a search will “return” thousands of results, making it impossible to look at them all. Using the techniques on the following slides you can reduce this number and get accurate results. Like most programs there usually is an online help or “tips” link.

The number of links found as a result of the query…187,000

Search engine help, or tips link…

Search Engine Query OperatorsThese operators are supported by most all search engines…

Operator Example Results

AND gardening AND vegetables

Pages that include both gardening and vegetables. By default, most engines return results that include all of your search terms. Therefore, it is not generally necessary to include "and" between terms.

OR whales OR cetaceans Pages that include either of the words, whales OR those containing cetaceans OR those containing both whales and cetaceans.

NOT science NOT fiction Pages that include science but NOT fiction.

" " "1996 World Series Champions"

Pages containing the phrase "1996 World Series Champions".

+ +San +Francisco +restaurants

Pages that contain all of the words. Note that this is not the same as "San +Francisco +restaurants"

- +bill +clinton -monica -lewinsky

Pages that contain the words bill and clinton, but not containing either monica or lewinsky.

More Query OperatorsThese operators Not supported by all search engines…

Operator Example Results

( )

Homer NOT (Simpson OR Alaska)

Pages containing Homer but NOT Homer Simpson or Homer, Alaska. Parentheses simplify the creation of complex queries.

* chemi* Pages containing words that begin with 'chemi' (e.g. chemical, chemistry, chemist). The * (asterisk) can be used to replace multiple characters.

% Gene%logy Pages that contain words beginning with 'gene' and ending with 'logy', separated by a single letter (e.g. genealogy and genealogy). Useful for commonly misspelled words.

_ run_way The underscore sometimes works as the % sign as noted above. The resulting pages would contain both "runway" and "runaway".

** Fly** Pages containing fly, flew, flown, and flying, and so on. Use a double asterisk (**) to look for all forms of a word.

Character Windows Shortcut keys

é Alt-0233

Ç Alt-0199

æ Alt-0230

Ñ Alt-0209

® Alt+0174

Ø Alt+0216

¿ Alt+0191

Using Non-English or Special Characters…

Special non-English characters can be, and should be, inserted into all queries when possible. These characters can be substituted with wildcard characters, such as *, % and _, but the accuracy of the results may be greatly diminished. Windows users can access these characters by using the “Character Map” or using the system's shortcut keys.

Using the Character Map…

The Windows Character Map tool can be used to find the key strokes needed to enter to display foreign or “special” characters. It is usually found on the: Accessories > System Tools Program menu.

The shortcut keystrokes are shown here.

Select a character in the upper window.

The current font is displayed

here.