changing the way we serve students on college campuses: a ... · on college campuses: a mental...
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ChangingtheWayWeServeStudentsonCollegeCampuses:AMentalHealthResiliencyProgramTransitioningCollegeStudentsonaLeaveofAbsenceBacktoCampusCourtneyJoly-Lowdermilk,M.S.EdSarahSatgunam,LCSWBostonUniversityCenterforPsychiatricRehabilitaEon
Agenda
§ medicalleaveofabsence
§ NITEO:awellnessandresilienceprogram
§ collegementalhealthcoaching
§ programoutcomes
§ discussion
ACHANaEonalCollegeHealthAssessmentII,2014
collegestudentsspeak,and73%ofthosewithamentalhealthcondiEonreport
experiencingamentalhealthcrisiswhileincollegetriggeredbyanxiety,depression,
difficultyadjusEng,stress…
CollegeStudentsSpeak:ASurveyReportonMentalHealth(NAMI,2012)
Eisenberg,D.,Downs,M.F.,Golberstein,E.,Zivin,K.(2009).SEgmaandhelpseekingformentalhealthamongcollegestudents.MedicalCareResearchandReview,66,522-541.
“It’sonlyinthelastmonthortwothatIactuallystartedkeepingmyparentsintheloopabouthowmymoodis.Beforethat…nevermyparents,nevermysister,alwayssecret.Thewholeprocessoftelling[mymom]isgoingtobemoredistressingthanthethingactuallywas…AndthenallthesequesEons.Imean,Ilove[myparents]tobits,butit’slike…[theirsupport]isnotthemost
helpfulthing.”
CollegeStudentsSpeak:ASurveyReportonMentalHealth(NAMI,2012)
collegestudentsspeak,and64%of
thosewithamentalhealth
condiEona;ributetheirleaveof
absencetomentalhealth
NITEO:“thrive,bloom”§ preparetransiEon-agedyouth(18-25)onMLOAforreturntocollege§ increasehope,resilience,andself-determinaEon§ changetypicaltrajectoryofunderachievement
§ onesemester(~14weeks)ofacademicandwellnesscourses§ classesmeet3Emesperweek(~14hours)§ wellness§ mindfulness§ wriEngseminar§ academicseminar§ photovoice§ careerseminar
§ twosemesters(~28weeks)ofcollegecoaching,conEnuedasneeded
WellnessSeminar§ contentareasinclude:
§ domainsofwellness
§ conflictresoluEon
§ choicesandconsequences
§ limitedthinkingpaierns
§ selfcare
§ sexualhygiene
§ drugsandalcoholuse
§ interpersonalrelaEonships,acEvelistening,andempathy
WellnessSeminar
§ PracEcingempathy§ listeningtoandunderstandingothers’perspecEvesandemoEons§ strengtheninginterpersonalrelaEonships§ role-playingusingthescript“Youfeel____because____.”
STUDENTA:“IfItellsomeoneI’mactuallygoingthroughaproblemrightnow,it
feelslikeIfailed,really.ItfeelslikeI’velostcontrol.”STUDENTB:
“Youfeelafraidtoshareyourexperienceswithothersbecauseyoudon’twanttobejudged.”
“…Ihadallthissupport,andIsEllwasstrugglingsomuch.Itwasn’tamaierofhavingtherightsupportsinplace.Ijustwasn’tready.”
“Mydadkindofforcedmetoapply.Butbasically,Ididn’tfeellikeIwasreadytogotocollege.IfeltlikeIdidn’treallywanttogoto
college.”
Mindfulness§ topicareasinclude
§ graEtudepracEce
§ lovingkindnesspracEce
§ meditaEon
§ relaxaEontechniques
§ physiologicalstressresponses
§ cogniEverestructuring
§ hope,opEmism,happiness
§ mindfulnessthroughmarEalarts
WritingSeminar§ topicareasinclude
§ readingfluency
§ criEcalthinking
§ wriEngfluency
§ assisEvetechnology
§ thesisstatementdevelopment
§ ediEng/peerediEng
§ research:findingandusingsources
thenthewriPngassignment…manageEmeorganizeideas
followinstrucEons
startsoffwithatext…sustainaienEon
takenotesconnectwiththetext
thenpapersaregraded…assessperformancecopewithgrade
inquireaboutfeedbackadvocatefordirecEononnextpaper
rewriteandresubmit
“…theanxietysurroundingwillIgetagoodgrade...IwouldworrybeforeIhandedinapaper,andaoerIhandedinapaper,andaoerIgotitback.Everyaspectofa
gradewasstressful.”
“I’mneversaEsfiedwithhowIdothings,unlessIactuallydowell,whichisgeTngAs.”
“IhaveoverlyhighexpectaPonsofmyself,sothenIfeelreallybadwhenImessupali;lebit,andthenitmakesmenotwanttodealwithit.Anditmakesmeblowit
outofproporEon,kindof.Andthenit’soverwhelmingformewhenitshouldn’tbe.”
AcademicSeminar§ topicareasinclude
§ learningstylesandstrategies
§ execuEvefuncEoning
§ test-preparaEon
§ test-taking
§ self-advocacy
§ disabilitydisclosure
§ grouppresentaEons
§ SMARTgoalsepng
“Iputfood[intherefrigerator]andthenI’dforgetaboutit.Keepingmyselforganizedishard.”
“ImaybetoldoneprofessorthatIhada
diagnosis.Ididn’treallytellpeoplebecauseI
startednoEcingthatIfeltlikeIwasbeingtreated
differently…”
PhotoVoice§ topicareasinclude
§ socialjusEce
§ sEgma
§ marginalizaEon
§ careeridenEty
§ empowerment
§ power
§ discriminaEon
§ prejudice
“Thedoctorswroteanotethatsaidheneedstohavelesshomeworkandhemayneedtotakebreaks,andhemaywanttohavestudentsintheclassgivehimtheirnotesbecausehemayhavetrouble
focusingbecausehe’sonacocktailofmeds.IwasonRisperdal,andIwasabsolutelyconkedout.Butthe
schooldidnoneofthat.”
“Themediamakesme…itmakesmefeel...notjustdifferent,butdangerous.”
Weseeanoldforgo;enhome,aplacewearewarnedfromandpredisposedtoavoid.FewseethatitwasoncebeauPfulandfulloflife,aplacewhere
familieslivedandamazingindividualhistorieswerecreated.FewseethetruepotenPalofwhatitoncewasormightbeagain.
“WhatalazyLarry,”onemightstate.Whatifyoufelttrappedinavastimpenetrablebox,filledwithbrackishwater,withseeminglynowaytoescape?Allyoucoulddoiskeepyourheadabovethesurface.Outsideobserversmayjust
seethePpoftheiceberg,aheadlazilybobbinginashimmeringpool.TheirpercepEonskewedbythereflecEonsinthe
water:Ignorance…Incompetence…Selfishness…“Yougoiadosomethingwithyourlife!”
Buttheycan’tseethemassivebo;omandthedarkabyssofdespairbeneaththisobscuringmirror.Nordotheyknowof
yoursensiEveeyesblindedbythesalEness.HowmuchEmehaspassed,youwonder?Howfarhaveyoudrioed?Nowyouareexpectedtoreachtheislandsthatonceencompassedyou:
Achievement…Success…Independence…“Snapoutofit!”
Alone,wouldyoubeabletopiercetheprisonthatholdsyou?
Forsaken,wouldyoubeabletotreadwaterindefinitely?Blinded,wouldyoubeabletoseekouttheislandsthatmaybeanywhere?
OnlyanescapearEstcanliveuptothosestandards.NoprogresswilloccurunElyoureyesarerinsedcleanbythegentleraindrops:
Guidance…Compassion…Time…AreyoureallyalazyLarry?
MichaelGroark
CareerSeminar§ VocaEonalskillsbuilding
§ interviewing§ resumeandcoverleierwriEng
§ Guestssharecareerpaths,triumphs,andfailures§ collegeathleEccoach§ grammy-winningmusician§ veterinarian§ civilrightslawyer§ mentalhealthclinician§ psychiatricrehabilitaEonpioneer
NITEOCoaching
§ CoachingProcessOverview§ SpotlightonCoachingTool:Mapping
Three-PhaseCoachingProcess
PhaseI:Intensive
• Semester1(w/NiteogroupintervenEon)
• Weeklyface-to-facemeeEngs
• Orient,engage,plan,buildsupports&skills
PhaseII:TransiEon
• Semester2• Weeklycontact• FacilitatesuccessfultransiEontorole/environment
PhaseIII:AsNeeded
• Semester3&beyond
• Contact/supportasneeded
CoachingObjectives§ Increasestudentreadinesstore-engageinpostsecondaryeducaPon§ Promotestudentsenseofhope,self-efficacy,resiliency§ Helpstudentbuildpersonalsupportnetwork§ DevelopandpracEcegoal-orientedskills:academic,self-advocacy,wellness,self-determinaEon,disabilitydisclosure
§ IncreaseeducaPonalandvocaPonala;ainment
§ Setandmonitorprogresstowardacademicandcareergoals§ FacilitatetransiEonbacktocollege§ Supportuseofcampusandclinicalresources
CoachingPracticePrinciples§ student-centered§ forwardprogressisthegoal§ promoteshopeandgrowth§ integratedwithtreatment§ strengths-based§ Eme-unlimited§ meaningfulrole-oriented§ flexiblesupportstoaccommodatestudents§ team-oriented
§ weeklyteammeeEng§ highexpectaEons
CoachingPractice§ SupportCoordinaPon
§ contactdisabilityandcounselingservices§ findclinicians§ scheduleappointmentswithclinicians§ promoteopEmumuElizaEonofclinicalsupports§ collaboratewithteammembers/providers§ developnaturalsupports
§ PreparingforReturn§ Ememanagement/planning§ writeleiersofrecommendaEon§ campustours§ gathersupporEngdocumentaEon§ writepersonalstatement
CoachingPractice§ SkillsPracPce
§ Ememanagement§ goalsepng§ problemsolving§ resiliencybuilding
§ ReadinessAcPviPes§ researchandevaluatejob/volunteer/schoolopportuniEes§ completeapplicaEons§ interviewpreparaEon
§ Homework§ coachwill:§ studentwill:
Three-PhaseCoachingProcess
PhaseI:Intensive
• Semester1(w/NiteogroupintervenEon)
• Weeklyface-to-facemeeEngs
• Orient,engage,plan,buildsupports&skills
PhaseII:TransiEon
• Semester2• Weeklycontact• FacilitatesuccessfultransiEontorole/environment
PhaseIII:AsNeeded
• Semester3&beyond
• Contact/supportasneeded
Mapping§ CreateseriesofthemaEcmapsoverperiodoffoursessions(twomaps/session)
§ Aoermappingiscomplete,createacEonplan§ Set,review,andadjustgoalsweektoweek(masteryexperiences)
WhatisMapping?§ Mappingisapersonalfuturesplanningtool.(PFPisaguidedprocessthatassistsanindividualtoformulateavisionforhis/herfuture.)
§ MapsarevisualrepresentaEonsofaperson’sstrengths,needs,preferences,andgoals
§ Theplanningprocessisstudent-driven.CoachesfacilitatesbyaskingopenendedquesPonsanddrawingvisualrepresentaPons.
Inspiration:RENEW§ Structuredschool-to-careertransiEonplanningprocess§ Youth(15-21)withemoEonalandbehavioralchallenges§ Benefits:
§ Increasedself-determinaEonandself-efficacyskills§ ImprovedfuncEoninginschoolandcommunity§ ImprovedoutcomesineducaEon/employment
Formoreinfo:h;p://renew.unh.edu
Self-Determination
DefiniPon§ Aperson’srightandabilitytocontrolthedirecEonofhis/herlife
Skills§ Self-Awareness§ Decision-Making§ Planning§ Problem-Solving§ Self-Advocacy§ Self-Confidence
MappingasaCoachingTool§ Anengagementtool§ AfacilitaEontool-focalpointforconversaEon§ Awayforstudentstoprocessexperience§ Arecovery-orientedrecord§ Aprocessforteachingself-determinaEonskills:self-awareness,goal-sepng,problemsolving
TimeOut!Youwantmetodraw?!?!
Doodling:Anti-Intellectual?
hip://www.ted.com/talks/sunni_brown
GraphicFacilitation§ Useoflargescaleimagestoleadpeopletowardsagoal
§ UsedinexecuEveworld&counselingworld
LearningGraphicFacilitation
Basics1. People2. Place3. Process4. Speech5. Text(lessismore)6. Color7. Effects
The8thElement:VisualLanguageforYourField
h;p://the-doodle-chronicles.tumblr.com/
h;p://the-doodle-chronicles.tumblr.com/
h;p://the-doodle-chronicles.tumblr.com/
NITEOPortfolio§ WhoIAmToday§ MyStory§ MyStrengths&Accomplishments§ MyRelaEonships§ MyFears,Concerns,&Barriers§ MyDreams§ Goals§ ResourcesforSuccess
WhoIAmToday§ Purpose:Gettoknowstudent–whohe/sheis,whatlifeislikeforhim/hertoday
§ PossibleOpen-EndedQuesPons:§ Whataresomeofyourrolesinlife?(e.g.sibling,student,worker,excellentvideogamer)
§ HowdoyoufeelmostoftheEme?Whatdoesagooddaylooklike?Howaboutabadday?
§ Whatdoyouwishwasdifferent?
h;p://www.iod.unh.edu/pdf/RENEW/RENEW_YouthPorgolio_101012.pdf
FromMalloy,J.M.,Drake,J.,Francoeur,K.,ClouEer,H.,Couture,D.,&O’Rourke,S.(2015).“RENEWfacilitator’smanual:AsecondarytransiEonmodelforyouthandyoungadults.”UniversityofNewHampshireInsEtuteonDisability.
Strengths&Accomplishments
§ Purpose:Tohelpstudentinventorytheirstrengths,whichwillbecriEcaltoachievingtheirgoals.
§ QuesPons:§ ThinkaboutEmesinyourlifewhenyouwereproudofyourself,andwhatstrengths,skills,andtalentsyoupossess.
§ Whatwouldyourfamilysay?Whatwouldyourfriendssay?
§ Usereal-Emeinfotofillinthegaps
FromMalloy,J.M.,Drake,J.,Francoeur,K.,ClouEer,H.,Couture,D.,&O’Rourke,S.(2015).“RENEWfacilitator’smanual:AsecondarytransiEonmodelforyouthandyoungadults.”UniversityofNewHampshireInsEtuteonDisability.
MyRelationships• Purpose:Inventoryofthepeopleinyourlifewhoareimportanttoyouandpeoplewhoyourelyonforhelp.Thisisawaytobrainstormpeoplewhomightsupportyouinworkingtowardyourgoals.
MyGoals• Whatisthelong-termvision?• Whatstepscanyoutaketoreachyourgoal?• Whatstrengthscanyourelyontohelpyoureachyourgoals?• WhatsupportscanyouuElizetohelpyou?• Whatmightgetintheway?
GoodPractices…
• AlwaysbeginbyorienEngstudent• Usestudent’swordswheneverpossible• UseyouracEvelisteningskillstofacilitatethedialogue• Reachforbalance:representposiEveandnegaEve• EndonaposiEvenote• SummarizeyourobservaEons,butrefrainfrommaking
interpretaEons
SensitiveTopics
• UsecauEon/carewhendepicEngsensiEvetopics.• “Howcanwerepresentthat?”• Remember,notrelive.
• IfmappingelicitsdifficultemoEons,helpstudentmakea
plantofollowupwithasupport(e.g.clinician,friend,
etc.)
ProgramEvaluation§ nineteenyoungadults(n=19)
§ Meanageof21years§ 12male(63%),6female(32%),1transgenderfemale(5%)
§ allstudentsdisclosedatleastonediagnosis:§ anxietydisorder(53%)§ mooddisorder(53%)§ schizophreniaorotherpsychoEcdisorder(26%)§ ADHD(5%)§ personalitydisorder(5%)§ substance-abusedisorder(11%)§ eaEngdisorder(5%)
§ 100%hadsomecollegeexperience§ 85%previouslymatriculatedataprivate,4-yearinsEtuEon
demographicscombinedfall2014andspring2015
ProgramEvaluation
*staEsEcallysignificantincreasesinposiEveaffect(p=0.011),emoEonalEes(p=0.018),andpsychologicalwellbeing(p=0.010);*staEsEcallysignificantdecreasesindepressionsubscale(p=0.008)andpsychologicaldistress(p=0.023)
ProgramEvaluation
*staEsEcallysignificantincreasesinhope(p=0.001),goal-directedenergy(p=0.025),planningtowardgoals(p=0.000),andacademicself-efficacy(p=0.026)
ProgramEvaluation § onemonthpostphase-1oftheprogram:
§ increaseinrateofcollegecourseenrollment(42%to58%)§ increaseinemploymentrate(37%to74%)
§ conEnuetotrackstudents’progress1and2yearspost-program§ collegeenrollment,graduaEon,employmentrates§ qualitaEveexperienceofschool,work,life§ psychosocialandacademicfuncEoning§ useofclinicalandnon-clinicalresources
§ futuretesEngandtracking:neuropsychologicalfuncEoningandacademicfluency
ParentReports“Everyoneneedsan'angel'inhisorherlife:Someonewhogivesyouhope;whobelievesinyounomaierwhatyou'vedoneorhowbadthingshavegoien;whocangentlyguideyoubackontrack.Asmuchaswemayloveour'adult'childrenandwanttohelpthem,parentscannotfillthatroleataEmewhenourchildrenfeeltheyhave
'disappointed'usandwhenthey,naturally,wanttoestablishtheirindependenceandpullaway.
Sobrietyprogramsandmentalhealthprofessionalsgotmyson(andme)throughthecrisis–butwithoutNiteomywonderful,funny,
caringboywouldneverhavehadtheskillsorself-confidencetore-entertheworldasaresponsibleadultwithamission.
ThepeopleatNiteoweretrulymyson’sangels–andmine!”
“Oursonwasdiagnosedwithbipolardisorder4yearsagoandhadtodropoutof[college]aoerhisFreshmenyear.HewasenthusiasEcaboutaiending[college]andhadreceivedanacademicscholarship,butthedisorderwasunmanageableattheEme,andheneededhelp.MyhusbandandIjoined
NAMIFamilytoFamilyandgainedsupportandinsightintothementalhealthworld.WefoundanewdoctorforhimwhichhasbeenquitesuccessfulandwelearnedabouttheNiteoProgramatBU.MyhusbandandImetwithLarryandCourtneytomakesureitwouldbeagoodfitforourson.Weleothatofficewithtearsinoureyesbecauseweknewthisprogramwastoogoodtobetrue.Wewatchedhimregainhisconfidenceandbalancewithinhimselfoverthesemester.Hegainedfriendshipsandthestudentsgatheredoutsideoftheclassroomforsocialeventsthattheyplannedthemselves.WhenI
askedhimaboutthebenefittoparEcipaEngintheNiteoProgram,hetoldmethatitgavehimtheconfidencetogetbacktocollege.Oursoninformedusthathesignedupforacollegeclassthissummerandispayingforitonhis
own.Hehasheldajobfor4monthsnowandisdoingwell.ThisprogramhasgivenoursonhopeandthathopetranscendsthroughoutthisenPrefamily.WehavealwayshadfaithinoursonandhispotenEalbutwithouttheNiteoProgram,hewouldnothavetheconfidenceandself-esteemtomakehis
dreamsareality.”
ParentReports
StudentReports“IcametoNiteoasanalcoholicinearlyrecoveryconvinced
thingswereabouttogobad,liketheyalwaysdid,assoonasIgotreadytogobacktoschool.Iwasverymuchcertainthatnothing
couldconvincemeotherwise.ThroughNiteoclassesandcoaching,Icametobelievethatmylowself-worthand
unfortunateperspecEveonlifewereabletochange.CBT,meditaEon,andwriEngplayedaroleinthat.Thewayitprovidedstructure,theinstructors,thefriendlystaff,andtheresourcesat
thecenteritselfmadealargeimpactonme.AoerNiteo,Iaiended[college]inthespringof2015,takingjustoneclassbutworkingtwojobs,andgotaextremelyhighmark.NowIamtakingtwointensivesummercoursesat[college]andworking
twopartEmejobs.Ihavebeensober16monthsandamreadytogobacktoschoolfullEmeinthefall.Niteowasthebridgetothatgapbetweenlostandconfusedandhopefulandintune,Iwouldhighlyrecommendittoanyonethatbeganstrugglingaoerorshortlybeforetheywenttocollege.Theprogramhasthe
potenPaltosavelives,Ihaveseenitfirst-hand.”
StudentReports“Ihadrecentlytakenamedicalleaveofabsencefrom[college]andbecame
hospitalizedaoerleaving.WhenIwasreleasedfromthehospital,Ifeltunpreparedtoreturntoschoolaoerbeingoutandawayfromschoolforsuch
anextendedperiodofEme,leadingmetofindtheNITEOprogram.Thisprogramsuitedmeperfectly,asalloftheyoungadultstherewereinsimilar
situaEonsasIwas.ThisprogramhasenabledmetorealizethatIamnotaloneinmystrugglesandthatwiththehelpofsuchdedicatedstaffandpeers,Ican
returntoschoolfeelingconfidentanddetermined.NowthatNITEOhasendedIamworkingcloselywithmyone-on-onecoachtohelpfindmejobopportuniEesandalsotoresearchcollegesthatmightbesuitableformeinthenearfuture.Ihaveappliedtomanyworkplacesandamintheprocessoffindingwork
unElIfeelreadytoreturntoschool.IfNITEOhadnotbeenthereformeIwouldnothavehadtheopportunitytomeettheincrediblestaffandfellowstudentsthathelpedmeget
backuponmyfeet.NITEOandeverybodywhoworkstherehavebeensoincrediblykindandwillingtogoaboveandbeyondtoensureIreceivedtheservicesIneededtosucceed.ThisplaceistheonlyoneofitskindandforanybodywillingtoputtheEme
andworkintogepnghelp,itisforthem.”
StudentReports“IwasbroughttoNITEObymyneedforsomethingtopreparemetogetbackintocollege,aswellasstructureformydaysinthemeanEme.ThroughtheclassesandcoachingIlearnedavarietyofthingsfromhowtostructureanessaytomemoryskills,butIfeelthemostimportantlessonsIlearnedwerenotexplicitlypartofthecurriculum.Forexample,IlearnedthatIcouldsEll
socializewithpeers,somethingIhadnotdoneinawhile,andthatIamcapableofsipngthroughhoursofclasseswhilepayingaienEonandparEcipaEng.ThesetworevelaEonshavebeenhugeconfidenceboosters.Currently,Iam
searchingforavolunteerposiEonforthesummerandIplantoaiend[college]inthefallwhereIwillstudyintheveterinarytechnicianprogram.Inmy
personallife,IamsEllintouchwithpeersImetatNITEO.ThereisdefinitelyacorrelaEonbetweenmyparEcipaEoninNITEOclassesandthecoachingandwhereIamnow.WhatIlearnedgavemetheconfidencetoapplyto[college],andnowIhaveacollegeeducaEonaheadofme.IwouldcertainlyrecommendNITEOtoanotheryoungadultstrugglingwithwhattododuringtheirleaveofabsence.Ifeelthattheoverallexperiencewasbeneficialtonotonlyme,buttomanyofmypeersintheprogramaswellandsoitwouldlikelybehelpfulto
numerousotherpeople.”
BostonUniversity,SargentCollegeNewsleier,2015
ContactInformationCourtneyJoly-Lowdermilk,[email protected],[email protected],Sc.D.,CPRPdorih@bu.edu617-483-3826CenterforPsychiatricRehabilitaEonBostonUniversity940CommonwealthAvenueBoston,MA02215www.bu.edu/niteo NowaccepPngapplicaPonsforspring2016!