changing challenges for homeland security in germany and europe the second sipr annual conference...
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Changing Challenges for Changing Challenges for Homeland Security in Germany Homeland Security in Germany
and Europeand Europe
The Second SIPR Annual Conference and The Second SIPR Annual Conference and Annual LectureAnnual Lecture
2nd September 20082nd September 2008
Jürgen StorbeckJürgen StorbeckDirector General for Homeland SecurityDirector General for Homeland Security
Ministry of the Interior of the Federal State of Ministry of the Interior of the Federal State of BrandenburgBrandenburg
Agenda Agenda
11 IntroductionIntroduction
22 New risks, new threats and new challengesNew risks, new threats and new challenges
33 New framework for law enforcement and security New framework for law enforcement and security agenciesagencies
44 ConclusionConclusion
1 Introduction1 Introduction
11 Introduction Introduction
-- Trends of the nineties have become realityTrends of the nineties have become reality- Globalisation Globalisation
-- ‚Global village‘‚Global village‘- New balance of power New balance of power
-- Radicalisation of Islamic communitiesRadicalisation of Islamic communities
-- Problems cannot be solved by a single StateProblems cannot be solved by a single State
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
22 New risks, new threats and new challenges New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.12.1 Political, economic and social crisis Political, economic and social crisis - - Radicalisation, terrorism, criminaltyRadicalisation, terrorism, criminalty-- Political and economic instability Political and economic instability
-- Non-integration of major ethnic Non-integration of major ethnic communitiescommunities
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.22.2 GlobalisationGlobalisation
-- As both major cause As both major cause and motivation for terrorismand motivation for terrorism
-- Interpreted by militant Islamist Interpreted by militant Islamist groups as a threat groups as a threat
-- Increases opportunities for Increases opportunities for terrorists and Organised Crimeterrorists and Organised Crime
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.32.3 Major regions in Europe without border Major regions in Europe without border controlscontrols
-- Vast area for free transport Vast area for free transport
-- Growing volumes of goods shipped Growing volumes of goods shipped worldwide makes interception of worldwide makes interception of
contraband difficultcontraband difficult
-- Classic crime routes as the Balkan Classic crime routes as the Balkan route route have have already partly been altered already partly been altered
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.42.4 Vulnerability of our society due toVulnerability of our society due to
-- Complexity of systemsComplexity of systems
-- Dependence on IT/critical Dependence on IT/critical infrastructuresinfrastructures
-- Aging societyAging society
-- Shift of social/economic activities to Shift of social/economic activities to virtual worldvirtual world
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.5 2.5 Islamist terrorism – al-Qaida terrorism Islamist terrorism – al-Qaida terrorism
- - Major threat for all EU Member StatesMajor threat for all EU Member States
- - Increasing number of EU Member Increasing number of EU Member States‘ nationals and residents States‘ nationals and residents
are are recruited for Jihadrecruited for Jihad
- - Terrorist propaganda on Internet Terrorist propaganda on Internet
-- Broad spectrum of potential types of Broad spectrum of potential types of attacks and means of operationsattacks and means of operations
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.62.6 Other terrorist groupsOther terrorist groups
-- PKKPKK
-- Territorialised terrorism (e.g. Palestine, Territorialised terrorism (e.g. Palestine, Chechnya, Basque region)Chechnya, Basque region)
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.7 Organised Crime (I)2.7 Organised Crime (I)
-- Organised Crime dominates German and Organised Crime dominates German and European criminal marketsEuropean criminal markets
-- Difficulty to control transport Difficulty to control transport chainschains
-- Different criminal groups join their Different criminal groups join their activitiesactivities
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.72.7 Organised Crime (II)Organised Crime (II)
-- Specific modus operandiSpecific modus operandi
-- Sophisticated measures to obstruct Sophisticated measures to obstruct law law enforcement activitiesenforcement activities
-- Developing linkages between Developing linkages between Organised Organised Crime and terrorist groups:Crime and terrorist groups:
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.82.8 IT criminalityIT criminality
-- IT as facilitator of traditional types of IT as facilitator of traditional types of crime as fraud, illegal gambling, crime as fraud, illegal gambling,
child child pornography, etc.pornography, etc.
-- New forms of crime: Hacking, New forms of crime: Hacking, spoofing, spoofing, phishing, etc.phishing, etc.
-- Dependence of business and banking Dependence of business and banking systems on IT structuressystems on IT structures
2 New risks, new threats and new challenges2 New risks, new threats and new challenges
2.92.9 Gap between criminality and law Gap between criminality and law enforcementenforcement
-- Difficulties of law enforcement and Difficulties of law enforcement and security agencies to keep security agencies to keep
abreast withabreast with
latest developmentslatest developments
-- Shortcomings in technical, procedural Shortcomings in technical, procedural and legal respectsand legal respects
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
33 New framework for law enforcement and security New framework for law enforcement and security agenciesagencies
3.13.1 Political Political -- European Union as common area of European Union as common area of freedom, freedom, security and justicesecurity and justice-- European Security Strategy under European Security Strategy under developmentdevelopment-- Need for greater coordination Need for greater coordination
between EU Foreign Policies and between EU Foreign Policies and Justice and Home AffairsJustice and Home Affairs
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.23.2 LegalLegal-- New national laws and international New national laws and international
conventions, e.g.conventions, e.g.- - EU Convention on assistance in EU Convention on assistance in
the fight against Organised Crimethe fight against Organised Crime-- Pruem TreatyPruem Treaty-- Council of Europe Convention on Council of Europe Convention on
corruptioncorruption-- However:However:
-- Slow ratification/harmonisationSlow ratification/harmonisation
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.3 3.3 Organisational/Structural Organisational/Structural
-- Two main (different) tendencies:Two main (different) tendencies:
-- Creation of new specialised Creation of new specialised agencies for specific forms of agencies for specific forms of
crimecrime
-- Reduction of regional police Reduction of regional police agencies and merger of law agencies and merger of law enforcement agencies enforcement agencies
33 New framework for law enforcement and security agenciesNew framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.3.13.3.1 Law enforcement without borders ?Law enforcement without borders ?
-- Schengen Treaties Schengen Treaties
-- Prüm-TreatyPrüm-Treaty
-- Joint Investigation TeamsJoint Investigation Teams
-- Common databases and Common databases and information systemsinformation systems
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.3.23.3.2 IntelligenceIntelligence
-- Major efforts of EU to improve Major efforts of EU to improve in the area of information in the area of information
gatheringgathering
-- Particular challenge for new Particular challenge for new Member StatesMember States
-- Need to develop analytical Need to develop analytical competences and competences and
capabilitiescapabilities
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.43.4 National response by the Federal National response by the Federal Republic of GermanyRepublic of Germany
3.4.13.4.1 New programme for internal security New programme for internal security
-- Current version dates back to 1994Current version dates back to 1994
-- Intention to agree on new version Intention to agree on new version before before end of 2008end of 2008
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.4.23.4.2 Concept for protection of critical infrastructuresConcept for protection of critical infrastructures
-- Pro-active and preventive approach Pro-active and preventive approach concerning important infrastructures asconcerning important infrastructures as
airports, power plants, train systems, etc.airports, power plants, train systems, etc.
-- Involvement of competences and Involvement of competences and technologies of police, fire brigade andtechnologies of police, fire brigade and
security servicessecurity services
-- Protection as well as restorationProtection as well as restoration
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.4.33.4.3 Security researchSecurity research
-- Public-private-partnership including Public-private-partnership including universities and scientific institutesuniversities and scientific institutes
-- Challenge: interlink of research Challenge: interlink of research community with producers and end community with producers and end
usersusers
-- Goal: to get a deeper insight in actual Goal: to get a deeper insight in actual and future demands and raise the and future demands and raise the innovation level among researchers, innovation level among researchers, producers and demandersproducers and demanders
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.4.43.4.4 Extremist criminalityExtremist criminality
- - Violence and use of illegal symbols Violence and use of illegal symbols by neo-Nazisby neo-Nazis
-- Zero tolerance conceptZero tolerance concept
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.5 3.5 Selected global law enforcement initiativesSelected global law enforcement initiatives
3.5.13.5.1 InterpolInterpol-- Facilitation of international police Facilitation of international police cooperationcooperation-- Strengths: Global police communication Strengths: Global police communication systemsystem-- Weaknesses: Competence, technical Weaknesses: Competence, technical standards, willingness of members for standards, willingness of members for
cooperationcooperation
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.5.23.5.2 EUPOLEUPOL
-- Contribution to establishment of Contribution to establishment of
sustainable and effective policing sustainable and effective policing arrangementsarrangements
-- Mission activitiesMission activities
-- MonitoringMonitoring
-- MentoringMentoring
-- AdvisingAdvising
3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies3 New framework for law enforcement and security agencies
3.5.33.5.3 EULEXEULEX
-- Provision of assistance to Kosovo Provision of assistance to Kosovo judicial authorities and law judicial authorities and law
enforcement enforcement agencies in agencies in developing/strengthening developing/strengthening
multi-ethnic institutionsmulti-ethnic institutions
-- EULEX is to replace UNMIKEULEX is to replace UNMIK
4 Conclusion4 Conclusion
4 4 Conclusion (I)Conclusion (I)
-- Global and threatening dimension of Global and threatening dimension of criminality resulted in various criminality resulted in various
national and international national and international counter counter measuresmeasures
-- However: no major breakthrough However: no major breakthrough yetyet
-- Focus too much on terrorism, but not Focus too much on terrorism, but not enough on Organised Crimeenough on Organised Crime
4 Conclusion4 Conclusion
44 Conclusion (II)Conclusion (II)
-- Problem of terrorism not to be Problem of terrorism not to be tackled only by law tackled only by law
enforcement but enforcement but involvement of involvement of whole society is whole society is necessarynecessary
-- Dynamic partnerships at European Dynamic partnerships at European and global level and global level
-- New thinking requiredNew thinking required