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Changes of energy structure in Germany
Mr. Wolfgang Bühring, Director Stadtwerke Speyer GmbHSmart Community Summit Tokyo, June 13th 2018
Contents
• Introduction of German electricity Market and “Energiewende”
• City of Speyer and Stadtwerke Speyer GmbH• Two examples for structural change induced by
“Energiewende”• Nedo Smart Community Project• Stadtwerke-model an example for integrated energy
solutions
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Overview on German electricity market• Liberalization of German electricity
market in 1998• 516 TWh; 208 GW• 760 electricity producers (>10MW
without small renewable plant operators)• 259 participants on EEX (German
electricity exchange)• 4 big TSO`s • 884 DSO`s• More than 1,200 Retailers of electric
energy
ww
w.en
et.e
u/po
rtfol
io/a
naly
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karte
n
Generation Trading Transport Distribution RetailGeneration Distribution Retail
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“Energiewende” targets
• 2020: 40% less greenhouse gases compared to 1990
• 2022: Switch off of last nuclear power plant
• 2025: 40-45% renewable electricity• 2030: 65% renewable electricity
• 2050: 50% less primary energy consumption compared to 2008
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The city of Speyer
• Urban municipality in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate
• 42.6 km²• ≈ 50,000 citizens
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Speyer's 100% renewable targets
2008: Climate and energy guideline passed at the city council2010: 100% renewable target decided. Timeline: 2030 100% renewable
electricity and 2040 100% renewable heat(German federal Government: 65% renewable electricity in 2030)
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Stadtwerke Speyer GmbH
Integrated public utility company100% owned by City of Speyer
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Offshore wind and few large-scale power plants
Transformation only if no consumption or storage
Large-scale power plants
“Energiewende” the game changerfuturebefore
End-consumer
EHV
HV
MV
LV
Prosumer*
LV
MV
HV
EHV
transport to the end-customer
Producer CustomerProsumer
+*
Ener
giew
ende
Decentralized Prosumers
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Two examples of structural change
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Expansion of transmission system
Geographical imbalance of
renewables and load
Decarbonisation and nuclear shutdown
North
South
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Geographical imbalances of renewables and load
https://1-stromvergleich.com/strom-report/ https://www.umweltbundesamt.de
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Nuclear shutdown and decided grid expansion projects ht
tps:
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w.bu
ndes
netz
agen
tur.d
e
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Two examples of structural change
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Evolution of the PV prosumer
Before grid parity:• Consumers and
Producers• ROI of producer
based on FIT
After gird parity of PV:• Self consumption
of PV electricity• 1st stage prosumer
After gird parity of PV incl. storage:• Maximisation of PV
self consumption with storage systems
• 2nd stage prosumer
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Example 2nd stage prosumer
5.41 kWp
4.8 kWh
4,052 kWh/a
Screens from SMA SUNNY PORTAL Evening May 22nd 2018
Investment 15.700 EUR(2,051,500 JPY)
Photo: Timo Amberger
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Example 2nd stage prosumer energy balance
Still 2,549 kWh/y excess electricity (feed-in) Integrated energy solutions (“Sektorkopplung”) necessaryE.g. Adding heating and e-mobility applications (Evolution to stage X Prosumer on the LV-Layer)
Autarky57%
From grid43% Self-
consumption48%
Feed-in
52%
Consumption Production
Screens from SMA SUNNY PORTAL May 22nd 2018
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Speyer Project
• May 2014: LOI• July 2015: MOU• May 2016: Opening
Ceremony• March 2018: Asset
transfer to SWS
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Two Project sites
Type A Type B
HEMS HEMS
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Impressions of installation
Type A Type B
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Summary of results
• Very heterogeneous pattern of consumption
• Self consumption 49 – 100% (25 – 62% improvement by usage of HEMS, heat pump and battery)
• 50 – 73% autarky. In Type B 100% autarky from April to September!
• Further development to improve economic feasibility (e.g. VPP, battery sharing, P2P direct selling, EV adding)
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GreenPowerGrid
Green balancing group
Green electricitycustomers
2nd stage prosumer 1st stageprosumer
Consumer
DataMetering DataSchedule Control signal
Green residualcurrent procurement /excess current sale
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Example: „Mieterstom“ the Stadtwerke model
Standard constellation of apartment buildingAll consumed electricity from Grid and free choice of supplier
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Apartment Building with PVAll consumed electricity from Grid and free choice of supplierAll PV energy fed into grid. Payback for PV operator by feed in tariff
Example: „Mieterstom“ the Stadtwerke model
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Apartment Building with PV and Stadtwerke model PV energy delivered to apartments, only surplus fed to gridParticipants purchase PV-grid electricity mix from PV operatorFree choice enables non-participants to purchase electricity from another supplier from grid
Example: „Mieterstom“ the Stadtwerke model
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Regulation determinesthe framework
New Business models need a friendly environmentFunding for “Mieterstrom” in EEG since July 25th 2017First Time that government named “Stadtwerke” explicit in coalition agreement from February 2018• improve the framework for the interconnection between heat,
mobility and electricity in connection with storage technologies• Due to the locality Stadtwerke and DSO`s have a key role in
“Sektorkopplung”
Photo: Sandro Halank, Wikimedia Commons licence: CrativeCommons BY-SA 3.0 Original file: here
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Speyer Smart Community Project an example for “Sektorkopplung”
PV and Wind Grid Electrolysis Methanation Natural gas grid
Hydrogen fuel cell carPump-
and air pressure storage
Power to heat Household, commerce and industry
Steam power plants and CHP
E-mobility
Vehicle to grid Natural gas car
Battery storage
ElectricityHydrogenSynthetic natural gasHeat supplyCO2
Pict
ure:
BW
E Bu
ndes
verb
and
Win
dEne
rgie
Orig
inal
file
: her
e
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DESIGNETZ Examples of integrated energy solutions Power-to-gas plant of Mainzer
Stadtwerke• Worlds largest PEM Power-to-Gas
site (6 MW)• Management of grid bottlenecks• Supply ancillary services
John Deere project SESAM-FarmSustainable Energy Supply for
Agricultural Machinery• Energy autonomous farm (on balance
sheet)• Novel flexible Storage and option for
flexibility• Optimization by energy management
system
Additional information https://www.designetz.de/https://www.sinteg.de/
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Thank youWolfgang Bühring
Stadtwerke Speyer GmbHGeorg-Peter-Süß-Str. 267346 Speyer, [email protected]
+49 6232 625 1200
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