Changes in…..

Ovary in estrous cycle

&

Repo. System (Preg.)

source: Diagnostic and therapeutic Techniques in Animal Reproduction by Zamjanis

MATURE FOLLICLE

General Changes

Asymmetry of horns Fluctuation in horns Position of uterus Fetal membranes Amniotic vesicle The conceptus Hypertrophy of uterine artery Corpus Luteum

Asymmetry of horn

Due to increase in size of pregnant horn At day 35: slight to negligible, before this

difficult to assess

Fluctuation

Due to fetal fluids Distension and thinning of uterine wall Difficult in early pregnancy

Position of Uterus

Due to increase in weight of gravid horn First, greater curvature is displaced laterally. At day 75 (2.5 month): ventral descent starts At day 130-140 (4.5 month): ventral descent

completes. After that uterus is at abdominal floor, expands

horizontally and dorsally At 7-7.5 month: Ascent starts. Rectal palpation between 4-7 month (b/w

descent and ascent) difficult

Fetal membranes

Also called as Fetal membrane slip test Membrane recognized is ‘Chorioallantois’ Felt as distinct separate structure Compression of pregnant horn & letting it slip

between fingers. Easy if compressed at widest portion and entire

circumference is surrounded before contents slip

Performed at 30-33rd day of pregnancy

Amnion

Amnion + amniotic fluid= amniotic vesicle Bean shape, turgid (early pregnancy), attached

by long stalk to CA, free floating At day 28th to 31: palpable Escapes on palpation Use thumb on one side of horn and all four

fingers on other side of horn Found on anterior edge of ICL Turgidity lost at day 45th -50

Cotyledon

Fetal cotyledon=maternal cruncles= Placentome

Circumscribed prominences Larger near site of attachment, smaller

in periphery At 65th-70 day: palpable. Size increase as pregnancy increase

The Conceptus

Only when it reaches at certain age can be palpated

Ballottement test: rock the on the fetal fluids to set a movement and results in rebounce of the fetus

Hypertrophy of uterine artery

Increase blood requirement: hypertrophy of middle uterine artery.

At 75th day to 80th day: freemitus or buzz is felt. Location: branch of internal iliac artery, passes

laterally, posteriorly and ventrally along medial edge of illiac wing.

leaves pelvic wall and descend ventrally. Form S shape curve and enter in broad ligament

Corpus Luteum

Fertilization,,,,,,, persistent corpus Luteum Pregnancy CL is supposed to be embedded

deeper in ovary. Ipsilateral,,,,,,,,,,, Located on side of gravid

horn’s ovary

Remember Four

All physical changes are present in all pregnancies

But some are associated with abnormal conditions

So these are not reliable, However, supportive Then remember Four: Fetal membrane slip test Amniotic Vesicle Test +Ve signs of

pregnancy Cotyledons Fetus