challenge of technology mediated social participation
DESCRIPTION
Jennifer Preece's presentation from the UPA Israel June 2010 meetingTRANSCRIPT
Challenge of Technology Mediated Social Participation
Jenny Preece, Dean & ProfessorCollege of Information Studies“Maryland’s iSchool”University of Maryland, [email protected]/people/preece
This talk
Who I am & the iSchool
Interaction Design & Online Communities
Technology Mediated Social Participation
Reader-to-Leader Framework
College of Information Studies“Maryland’s Information School”
Accredited iSchool 8th among US public universities 5 specialties in top 10
500+ graduate students Master of Library Science Master of Information Management Master of Human-Computer Interaction* Doctor of Information Studies
www.ischool.umd.edu
People
Technology
Information
Environment & Context
What We Do
Lots of Research
Computational Linguistics and Information Processing (CLIP)
The Center for Advanced Study of Communities and Information(CASCI)
The Center for Information Policy and e-Government (CIPEG)
The Human-Computer Interaction Lab (HCIL)
Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities (MITH)
The Center for Library and Information Innovation (CLII)
The Cloud Computing Center
Interaction DesignDesigning interactive products
to support how people communicate & interact
Usability goalsEffective, Efficient, Accessible,
etc.
User experience goalsEnjoyable, satisfyingSupporting sociability, etc.
Sociability, Usability & CommunitySociability considerations
People who participatePurposes they try to achievePolicies & norms that guide them
Usability of softwareSupport individual HCISupport sociability of community
430.2 Million unique Facebook visitors (2009) Users share 3.5 Billion pieces of content per day
2nd largest site after Google If it was a nation - 3rd largest after China and India
Australians average 7 hours per day Americans 6 hours Spanish 4.5 hours
Levontin7
Sociability & Usability
Leaders
Entertainment
SupportInformation
GovernanceRecognition & feedback Effort &
“usability”
Good Challenges
Harness online communities to:Revive world economiesDisaster relief – eg Haiti, KatrinaEnvironment – eg Encylopedia of Life
Health – eg Patients Like Me
But we need: ParticipationLeadersMotivate & build trust
Bad Challenges
Malicious attacks Privacy violationsLack of trustFailure to be universalUnreliable when needed Misuse by
Terrorists & criminalsPromoters of racial hatred Political oppressors
Wikipedia
Reader Contributor Collaborator `AllUsers
From Reader to Leader:Motivating Technology-Mediated Social Participation
Preece & Shneiderman, AIS Trans. Human-Computer Interaction1 (1), 2009 aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/
Leader
911.gov: Internet & mobile devices
Residents report information Professionals disseminate instructions Resident-to-Resident assistance
Professionals in control while working with empowered residents
www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/911govShneiderman & Preece, Science (Feb. 16, 2007)
Sending SMS message to 911, includes your phone number, location and time
Sending SMS message to 911, includes your phone number, location and time
Sending SMS message to 911, includes your phone number, location and time
Reporting: Local incidents
watchjeffersoncounty.net nationofneighbors.net
Disaster Response: Wildfires
Community Safety: Abducted Children
www.ncmec.orgwww.missingkids.com
www.amberalert.gov
Health & Healthcare
Doctor-to-Doctor Networks
Reporting: Earthquakes & Storms
earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/dyfi weather.kimt.com
E-Commerce Social Media
Reader Contributor Collaborator `AllUsers
From Reader to Leader:Motivating Technology-Mediated Social Participation
Preece & Shneiderman, AIS Trans. Human-Computer Interaction1 (1), 2009
aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/
Leader
Motivating Readers
Usability Sociability
Interesting & relevant content presented in attractive, well-organized layouts
Encouragement by friends, family, respected authorities, advertising
Frequently updated content with highlighting to encourage return visits
Repeated visibility in online, print, television, other media
Support for newcomers: tutorials, animated demos, FAQs, help, mentors, contacts
Understandable norms & policies
Clear navigation paths sense of mastery and control
Sense of belonging: recognition of familiar people & activities
Universal usability: novice/expert, small/large display, slow/fast network, multilingual, support for users with disabilities
Charismatic leaders with visionary goals
Interface design features to support reading, browsing, searching, sharing
Safety & privacy
Serve.gov: Voluntary service
Register Your Project & Recruit VolunteersFind a Volunteer OpportunityRead Inspiring Stories of Service & Share Your Own Story
Biodiversity: Encyclopedia of Life
eol.org
Motivating Contributors
Usability Sociability
Low threshold interfaces to encourage small contributions (no login)
Support for legitimate peripheral participation
High ceiling interfaces that allow large frequent contributions
Chance to build reputation over time while performing satisfying tasks
Visibility for users’ contributions & impact - aggregated over time
Recognition for the highest quality & quantity of contributions
Visibility of ratings & comments Recognition of a person’s specific expertise
Tools to undo vandalism, limit malicious users, control pornography & libel
Policies & norms for contributions
Wikipedia
Motivating Collaborators
Usability SociabilityWays to locate relevant & competent individuals to form collaborations
Atmosphere of empathy & trust that promotes belonging to the community & willingness to work within groups to produce something larger
Tools to collaborate: communicate within groups, schedule projects, assign tasks, share work products, request assistance
Altruism: a desire to support the community, desire to give back, willingness to reciprocate
Visible recognition collaborators, e.g. authorship, citations, links, acknowledgements
Ways to develop a reputation for themselves & their collaborators; develop & maintain status within group
Ways to resolve differences (e.g. voting), mediate disputes & deal with unhelpful collaborators
Respect for status within the community
IBM’s History Flow
Abortion
White = unregisteredusers
Motivating Leaders
Usability Sociability
Leaders are given higher visibility & their efforts are highlighted, sometimes with historical narratives, special tributes, or rewards
Leadership is valued and given an honored position & expected to meet expectations
Leaders are given special powers, e.g. to promote agendas, expend resources,
or limit malicious users
Respect is offered for helping others & dealing with problems
Mentorship efforts are visibly celebrated, e.g. with comments from mentees
Mentors are cultivated & encouraged
Leaders in YouTube
Leaders in Amazon
Leaders in Amazon
Reader Contributor Collaborator `AllUsers
From Reader to Leader:Motivating Technology-Mediated Social Participation
Preece & Shneiderman, AIS Trans. Human-Computer Interaction1 (1), 2009 aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/
Leader
Take Away Messages & Questions
Design matters
Pay attention to details
Small changes make a big difference
Questions?