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THOMAS SOLVENT RAYMOND ROADGROUNDWATER EXTRACTION
- WELL TREATMENT SYSTEMMONITORING REPORT
byCH2M HILL
June 1988
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTIONSystem OverviewGroundwater Monitoring ProgramData LimitationsObjectives of this Report
EXTRACTION WELLSSystem DescriptionExtraction Well ContaminantsPerformance of the Extraction Wells
CARBON ADSORPTION SYSTEMDescription of the Carbon SystemPerformance of the Carbon System
AIR STRIPPERDescription of the Air StripperAir Stripper Performance
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONSSummaryRecommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY 6-1
Appendix A.Appendix B.Appendix C.Appendix D.Appendix E.Appendix F.
Extraction WellsCarbon Adsorption UnitsAir StripperData LimitationsSampling Point Concentration DataOperating Day Table
111
GLOSSARY OF COMPOUND ABBREVIATIONS
Compound
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloroform
1.1-Dichloroethane
1.2-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethylene
Cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Methylene Chloride
Tetrachloroethylene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Vinyl Chloride
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
o-Xylene
Abbreviation
CCL4
CCL3
1.1-DCA
1.2-DCA
1,1-DCE
CIS/TRANS
MECL
PCE
1,1,1-TCA
TCE
VINYL
BEN
EBEN
TOL
0-XYL
Note: Above compounds are priority pollutants tested for atthe TSRR facility.
CVR169/013
INTRODUCTION
Section 1INTRODUCTION
The Verona Well Field is an EPA Superfund site on the Na-tional Priority List. The well field supplies potable waterto approximately 35,000 residents and commercial and indus-trial establishments of the City of Battle Creek, Michigan.In August 1981, it was discovered that a number of privateand city wells in the well field were contaminated with vol-atile organic compounds (VOCs). Subsequent testing revealedthat nearly one-half of the city's 30 potable water wellswere contaminated. A bottled water program was institutedfor the area residents by the EPA until an alternative watersupply system could be constructed.
In the fall of 1983, CH2M HILL began a remedial investigationto determine the extent and potential source(s) of the wellfield contamination. The investigation revealed a contami-nant plume with VOC concentration varying from 1 microgram/liter to 100 microgram/liter in the area of the well field.The plume was steadily moving north and northwest towardsless contaminated wells. The investigation also revealedthree major sources of contamination: the Thomas SolventCompany's Raymond Road (TSRR) facility, the Thomas SolventCompany Annex at Emmett Street, and the Grand Trunk WesternRailroad Marshalling Yard. Figure 1 shows the location ofthese sources relative to the well field.
The Thomas Solvent Company operated a solvent distributionbusiness, which also handled a variety of liquid industrialwastes. The facilities were used for the storage, transfer,and packaging of chlorinated and nonchlorinated solvents.Investigation at the sites determined that contaminationresulted from tank leakage and surface spillage.
In May 1984, EPA signed a Record of Decision (ROD) to imple-ment an Initial Remedial Measure (IRM). As part of the IRM,CH2M HILL designed and constructed a series of blocking wellsto prevent further migration of the contaminated plume, andan air stripping system to remove VOCs from the contaminatedgroundwater. In addition, CH2M HILL installed 3 new potablewater wells to supplement the city's water supply system.
In 1985, EPA signed another ROD that addressed the TSRR fa-cility, the most severely contaminated of the three sources.The ROD specified a corrective action that includes a networkof groundwater extraction wells to remove contaminated ground-water, the treatment of groundwater via air stripping, and asoil vapor extraction system to remove VOCs from the unsat-urated zone.
1-1
GRANDTRUNK WESTERNRAILROADMARSHALLINGYARD
THOMASSOLVENTRAYMONDROADFACILITY
/ ' -THOMAS/ ' SOLVENT
FIGURE 1VICINITY MAP
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The Thomas Solvent Raymond Road groundwater extraction sys-tem removes VOC-contaminated water from the aquifer in thevicinity of the TSRR facility. The system (see Figure 2)consists of nine groundwater extraction wells, associatedinstrumentation and controls, approximately 5,200 feet ofextraction force main (EFM), and a carbon treatment systemthat temporarily serves as pretreatment for the existing airstripper. The carbon pretreatment system will be removedwhen the total VOC concentration is low enough for the airstripper alone to meet National Pollutant Discharge Elimina-tion System (NPDES) permit requirements for discharge toBattle Creek River.
Contaminated groundwater is delivered from the TSRR facilityby the extraction force main, which is routed west alongEmmett Street, as shown in Figure 2, and then north alongBrigden Drive to the air stripping system installed by EPAin 1984. Flow from the extraction force main can dischargedirectly to the stripper pump station (wet well) or can bediverted for pretreatment in the temporary carbon adsorptionsystem.
A flow schematic of the system is shown in Figure 3. Eightof the nine extraction wells discharge between 30 and 70 gpmof contaminated groundwater; the other well (EW-1)discharges 5 to 7 gpm.
The carbon adsorption system consists of three pressure car-bon units (one in parallel with two in series) located adja-cent to the air stripper. Following treatment from the car-bon adsorption units, the water is discharged to the airstripper pump station (wet well).
VOC-contaminated groundwater from the Verona Well Field block-ing wells (approximately 2,000 gpm) also discharges into thewet well along with the TSRR extraction well flow (approxi-mately 400 gpm). From the wet well, the water is pumped toan air stripper, which removes more than 95 percent of theVOCs from the water. VOCs removed from the water by the airstripper are adsorbed from the stripper offgas by a vapor-phase activated-carbon system.
GROUNDWATER MONITORING PROGRAM
TREATMENT SYSTEM SAMPLING
As discussed above, the groundwater treatment system consistsof: a set of three aqueous phase carbon filter canisters,an air stripping tower, and a pair of vapor phase carbonfiltration canisters. The extraction well water is passedin series first through the carbon canisters, then through
1-3
^
EXTRACTION FORCEMAIN PIPE TOTREATMENT SYSTEMAT VERONA WELL FIELD
LEGEND
A EXTRACTION WELL LOCATION
• EWJ —— PIPE ROUTING FROM EXTRACTIONWELL fl (TYPICAL)
EXTRACTION FORCE MAIN
MCCBUILDING
EXTRACTION WELLLOCATION. TYPICALOF 9
. GROUNDWATER\EXTRACTtON WELL
^IPE. TYPICAL
\r~~-FENCEUNEMONITORING ^\,BUILDING X
\
\
STORAGEBUILDING
OFFICEBUILDING
FIGURE 2TSRR GROUNDWATEREXTRACTION SYSTEM
U \MDUST\WM47I \SCHntOWG
EW1
WS1
SINGLE CARBONADSORPTION UNIT
WS4
WS2TWO CARBON ADSORPTIONUNITS IN SERIES
EXTRACTIONFORCEMAIN
TO VAPOR-PHASECARBON
FROM BLOCKINGHELLS
SAMPLING POINTS ANDIDENTIFICATION NUMBER
TO BATTLECREEKRIVER
MM47I.OF
RQURE3GENERAL FLOW SCHEMATIC
1the air stripping tower. The sampling ports are located at ]various points on the system. To collect a sample, a valve 'was opened at each sample port and a small amount of waterwas discharged to clean the lines. The sample bottles were 1filled directly from the faucet.
The treatment system samples were generally analyzed for EPAMethods 601 and 602 purgeable organic target compounds, eitherby the NUS Mobile Laboratory or the NUS Laboratory ServicesGroup facility in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Periodic anal-yses were performed for Napthalene (EPA Method 610) , Acetone(EPA Method 656) , and methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutylketone (Methods 8015/8030) . Samples were also analyzed forNPDES Priority Pollutants semi-annually.
Treatment system sampling was done on a schedule determinedby the MDNR.
Sample bottle requirements for these samples have been asfollows:
Methods 601/602 - Four 40 ml VGA vials for NUSLaboratory Services Group analysisTwo 40 ml VOA vials for NUS MobileLaboratory analysis
Methods 610, 656, Two 40 ml VOA vials8015/8030 - One 1-liter amber jar
NPDES/Priority Four 40 ml VOA vialsPollutants - Two 1/2 gallon jars
Two 1-liter plastic jarsOne 1-liter glass jar
The sample numbers for these samples are in the followingformat:
VWF-PW-WSx-xx
PW - Purge WaterWSx - Sample port number (WS1-WS7)xx - Sample sequence number
EXTRACTION WELL SAMPLING
Before sampling extraction wells, the sample port was flushedby discharging a small amount of water into a bucket. Thesamples were then collected from the sample ports.
Two 40 ml VOA vials were collected for samples analyzed inthe NUS Mobile Laboratory. Four 40 ml VOA vials were
1-6
collected for samples to be analyzed by the NUS LaboratoryServices Group facility in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Thesamples were analyzed using EPA Methods 601 and 602.
Extraction well sampling was done on a schedule determinedby the MDNR.
The sample numbers for these samples are in the followingformat:
VWF-PW-EWx-xx
PW - Purge WaterEWx - Extraction well number (EW1-EW9)xx - Sample sequence number
SAMPLE HANDLING AND PAPERWORK
All sample bottles were marked with labels showing theproject name, time and date of sample, and sample number.
A chain of custody form also accompanied each sample ship-ment, either to the NUS Mobile Laboratory or to the NUS Lab-oratory in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Following sample collection, the bottles were places intocoolers for holding. If the NUS Field Laboratory was usedfor analysis, the samples were hand delivered to the trailerand placed into a refrigerator, accompanied by the properpaperwork.
If the samples were collected for analysis by the NUS Lab-oratory in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvanis, they were properly pack-aged for shipment and shipped to the laboratory via FederalExpress.
Copies of the Chain-of-Custody Forms were retained for inser-tion into a sample log book. Sample Log Sheets detailingpertinent monitoring well sampling details and Sample TrackingSheets are also maintained in this book. Examples of theseforms are included in this report.
DATA LIMITATIONS
The sampling and analytical techniques used in monitoringthe operation lacked some of the sophisticated quality con-trol measures normally used in EPA contract laboratory pro-gram (CLP) protocols. This potential limitation on the ana-lytical quality, however, should not have a significantimpact on the overall data analysis or the evaluation ofsystem performance. A more detailed description of per-ceived data limitations is in Appendix D.
1-7
OBJECTIVES OF THIS REPORT
This report examines the performance of the TSRR extractionwell treatment system, focusing on:
o Extraction Well Performance
Rate of change of major contaminant concen-trations in each extraction well during treat-ment system operation
Quantity of VOCs extracted from the aquifer
o Granular Activated Carbon Performance
VOCs removal by granular activated carbonpretreatment
VOC loading on the aqueous phase carbonadsorption system
Adsorption and desorption phenomena
o Air Stripper Performance
Removal efficiency of VOCs with and withoutGAC pretreatment
A comparison of the air stripper actual per-formance to its design performance
Conclusions and recommendations drawn from these examinationsare presented at the end of this report,
CVR169/009
1-8
Section 2______
EXTRACTION WELLS
Section 2EXTRACTION WELLS
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The groundwater extraction system includes nine extractionwells. (Well locations are shown on Figure 2.) Table 1lists the pertinent characteristics of each well.
Table 1EXTRACTION WELL CHARACTERISTICS
WellNo.
123456
I*9
WellDiameter(inches)
8888888
248
WellDepth(feet)
3340404040.540404340
ScreenInterval(feet)
13-3020.5-3720.5-3720.5-3720.5-37.520-3720-3712-3620.5-37
TypicalPumpingRate(gpm)
55759373438245060
Extraction Well 8 is a product recovery well with a 24-inchsteel casing. An 8-inch groundwater extraction well is alsolocated within the well.
Initially, the wells were run continually. After 7 weeks ofoperation, however, the flow rates began to drop off in al-most all of the wells. In particular, the capacity ofExtraction Wells (EW) 1, 5, and 7 dropped by more than 50 per-cent. Investigation showed substantial fouling by iron-related bacteria (IRB) and sulfur-related bacteria (SRB).
An acidification/chlorination procedure was developed thatincluded treatment with muriatic acid as an oxidizer, citricacid as a chelating agent (to keep particulates in solution),and intermittent agitation with compressed air. The acidifi-cation was followed by chlorination.
The acidification/chlorination procedure was successful inincreasing the flow rate in EW5 and EW7 to their initialcapacity. However, to prevent occurrence of IRB and SRBfouling, a program for chlorination of all extraction wellswas initiated. In this program, a different extraction well
2-1
was shut down each day while being chlorinated. Therefore,each extraction well was chlorinated two or three times amonth.
EXTRACTION WELL CONTAMINANTS
Figure 4 shows the rate of change of the total volatile or-ganic compounds (TVOCs) in each extraction well from Marchthrough December 1987. [The figure uses both dates and op-erating days (0-300) to identify points in time for the ex-traction system. A table that gives calendar day equivalentsfor operating days is in Appendix F.] The average flowshown at the top of each graph is an arithmetic average of 4months of data collected in May, June,'August, and Septemberof 1987. The flows fluctuated slightly, with standarddeviations ranging from 1.5 gpm for EW1 to 12.5 gpm for EW3.
As shown in Figure 4, the major mass of contamination wasfrom Extraction Wells EW3, EW6, and EW8. The next largestcontributors were EW2, EW4, and EW9, followed by EW1, EW5,and EW7. Concentrations in all but one well showed a generaltrend over the first 2 months of operation of high initialconcentrations, followed by a sharp decrease. The exceptionwas EW2, where concentrations were initially low at approxi-mately 750 ppb and increased to 3,500 ppb after about 45 daysof operation. Concentration in EW2 then decreased steadilyexcept for a September 22, 1987, measurement of about3,500 ppb. The predominant compound driving up the TVOCconcentration at EW2 was tetrachloroethylene (PCE).
A series of graphs representing the concentrations of thepredominant components found in the groundwater from each ofthe extraction wells is in Appendix A. Tables of individualconcentrations for each well are also in Appendix A.
PERFORMANCE OF THE EXTRACTION WELLS
As of December 28, 1987, approximately 153 million gallonsof groundwater containing approximately 6,100 pounds ofTVOCs had been extracted through the groundwater extractionsystem. This estimate of TVOCs removed probably is low,since analyses were run only for priority pollutant VOCs(see the "Glossary of Compound Abbreviations" for a list ofcompounds included in TVOCs). No analyses for total organiccarbon (TOC) or total petroleum hydrocarbons were made onany samples. Furthermore, EW8 also contains a product rec-overy pump, which extracts floating product from the wellinto a storage tank. The product pump has removed approxi-mately 150 gallons, which corresponds to approximately1,200 pounds of additional organics that have been removed.Figure 5 shows the change in concentration of TVOCs for the
2-2
FIGURE 4TVOC CONCENTRATIONS IN EXTRACTION
WELLS (MARCH-DECEMBER 1987)COMBINED EXTRACTION WELLS
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FIGURE 5
COMBINED EXTRACTION WELLSAVERAGE FLOW RATE . 352 GPM
March 4.1987100
June 11,1967200
Sept. 19,1987300
Dec. 28,1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
FIGURE 6
TVOCS REMOVED PER DAY DURING GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION OPERATION
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0 100 200March 4.1987 June 11,1987 Sept. 19,1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
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FIGURE 7
TVOCS REMOVED WITH GROUNDWATER EXTRACTIONouuu
g 6000J,aUJ> 4000
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combined flow from the extraction wells (sampling point wsi,from Figure 3).
Figure 6 shows the rate of extraction of TVOCs with thegroundwater. Each of the points on the figure represents aday for which flow and concentration data were recorded.The mass of TVOCs extracted in a given day was determined asthe product of the combined flow concentration and the totalrecorded flow. The curve shown in Figure 6 represents aleast-squares fit of a logarithmic equation. This curve wasused to estimate the amount of TVOCs removed by the extrac-tion well system during the months for which little processdata was available. The "Combined Extraction Wells" tablein Appendix A shows the mass of TVOCs removed per day by theextraction well system.
Figure 7 shows the cumulative amount of TVOCs removed by theextraction well system. The figure was constructed by inte-grating under the curve shown in Figure 6.
CVR169/033
2-5
Section 3
CARBON ADSORPTION SYSTEM
Section 3CARBON ADSORPTION SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION OF THE CARBON SYSTEM
Bidders were allowed considerable flexibility in their designof the temporary aqueous phase carbon adsorption system.The awarded bid used a system designed by Calgon. The systemwas composed of two parallel trains. One train consisted oftwo units in series, and the other train was a single columnadsorption unit. Each of the units were 10 feet in diameterby 12 feet high, and contained 20,000 pounds of granularactivated carbon. Flow was distributed to provide approxi-mately one-third of the total flow to the single-unit train,and the remaining flow to the train with two units in series.
Calgon selected the configuration based on the followingcriteria:
o The units are a standard size (20,000 pounds ofcarbon per unit).
o An estimated 60,000 pounds of carbon would beneeded to perform the required duty, thereforerequiring three units to avoid onsite carbon stor-age and replacement.
o The 1x2 series-parallel arrangement would providemore flexibility than three units in parallel, andless pressure drop than three units in series. Itwas anticipated that the "lead" unit in the trainof two would be exhausted relatively early andwould be taken offline. The carbon in this leadunit would be replaced if necessary and the unitbrought back online as the "lag" unit in thattrain. This design allowed for continuous treat-ment without downtime for carbon replacement.
PERFORMANCE OF THE CARBON SYSTEM
The carbon units were effective in reducing the influentconcentrations to the air stripper sufficiently to allow thestripper to comply with the NPDES permit.
Figures 8 and 9 show the influent and effluent concentra-tions of TVOCs for the first 300 operating days for both thesingle unit and the two units in series. Plots showing in-fluent and effluent concentrations over time for the indivi-dual components are in Appendix B. Figures 10 and 11 areplots of the TVOCs adsorbed by the carbon units per day.Tables of the concentrations of the influent and effluent of
3-1
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FIGURE 10
TVOCS ADSORBED PER DAY IN THE SINGLE-UNIT TRAIN
March 4, 1987100
June 11,1987200
Sept 19, 1987300
Dec. 28, 1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
CO
oUJ
O
o
FIGURE 11
TVOCS ADSORBED PER DAY IN THE TWO-UNITS-IN-SERIES TRAIN
March 4, 1987,100
June 11,1987200
Sept 19,1987300
Dec. 28, 1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
1the carbon adsorption units for each contaminant tested are Tin Appendix E. '
Figures 12 and 13 show the cumulative mass of TVOCs adsorbed ^by the carbon units. The plots were made by integratingunder the respective curves in Figures 10 and 11. An esti-mated 1,830 pounds have been adsorbed in the single-unittrain and 4,340 pounds in the two-units-in-series train.The combined total is approximately 6,170 pounds of TVOCsadsorbed by the carbon adsorption units. This amount isslightly higher than the amount of TVOCs reported to beremoved with the groundwater. The slight discrepancy isreasonable, however, because the the data is scattered.Furthermore, the high loading shows that the carbon effec-tively adsorbed a majority of the VOCs in the groundwater.
Several compounds began to desorb as the carbon beds beganto load with VOCs. Desorption occurs primarily as a resultof competition between compounds. Every compound has a dif-ferent capacity for adsorption. When the carbon is new, thedifferences in adsorption capacity among the different com-pounds is barely detectable because competition for adsorp-tion sites is minimal. However, as the carbon begins toreach capacity, various compounds begin to compete for theavailable adsorption sites. As a result, weakly adsorbedcompounds are desorbed by competition from the more stronglyadsorbed species.
Markers on Figures 12 and 13 label the points at which dif-ferent compounds began to desorb. Although several of thecompounds desorbed at some point in the operation of thesystem, methylene chloride, vinyl chloride, and 1,2-dichloro-ethane were the only compounds that did so at a substantialrate.
Comparisons of observed capacities with those predicted fromisotherms are presented in Table 2. These comparisons areprovided for various compounds on days when significant de-sorption was first documented (the 28th and 45th days), andon the 78th day, at which point data became too scarce forreliable analysis.
Actual carbon adsorption capacity determined for the indi-vidual compounds was compared with capacities predicted fromisotherms reported by Dobbs and Cohen (April 1980) and Loveand Miltner. Most of the isotherms reported are for singlecontaminants in solution. A growing body of literature deal-ing with modeling adsorption in multicomponent systems isavailable; however, analysis using those models is beyondthe scope of this report.
3-4
2000
03
QUJmcco
C/5
1000
FIGURE 12
TVOCS ADSORBED IN THE SINGLE-UNIT TRAIN
March 4, 1987
100 200
June 11,1987 Sept. 19, 1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
300
Dec. 28,1987
CO
QLUmoco
V)
8
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
FIGURE 13
TVOCS ADSORBED IN THE TWO-UNITS-IN-SERIES TRAIN
VINYL
March 4, 1987
CCL31,2-11,1-DCECIS/TRANS
100 200
June 11,1987 Sept. 19,1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
300
Dec. 28,1987
NOTE: MARKERS INDICATE APPROXIMATE POINT AT WHICH DESORPTIONOF THE PARTICULAR COMPOUND WAS FIRST DOCUMENTED.
Table 2CARBON ADSORPTION ISOTHERM VALUES
FOR SELECTED COMPOUNDS
Two-Units-in-Series TrainActive
Compound
1,1 -DC A1 , 2-DCACIS/TRANSMECLPCE1,1, 1-TCATCEVINYLTOLTVOCs Adsorbed (kg)
carbonDay28
0.251.114.241.044.373.463.120.554.50
440
loadingDay45
0.331.365.470.936.474.444.160.576.07
582
(mg/g C)Day78
0.481.716.870.7511.16.507.420.6110.2900
Single-Unit
Adsorption(mg/g
Ref. 1
1.83.6
NA/3 . 11.3512.528NA26
TrainActive
Compound
1 , 1-DCA1,2 -DC ACIS/TRANSMECLPCE1,1, 1-TCATCEVINYLTOLTVOCs Adsorbed (kg)
carbonDay28
0.200.993.630.963.533.002.700.494.05
188
loadingDay45
0.271.194.630.895.203.783.530.545.30
245
(mg/g C)Day78
0.381.505.910.749.085.526.290.628.71
378
Adsorption(mg/g
Ref. 1
1.83.6
NA/3 . 11.3512.528NA26
IsothermsC)Ref. 2
7.95.1
11.7/17.0NA14313.256NANA
IsothermsC)Ref. 2
7.95.1
11.7/17.0NA14313.256NANA
Full names are in "Glossary of Compound Abbreviations" on p. v.j"Experimental isotherm results reported by Dobbs and Cohen, 1980(Ref. 1), and Love and Miltner (Ref. 2).
CVR169/012
in January 1988, the concentration in the groundwater ap-peared to be low enough to bypass the activated carbon sys-tem and go directly to the air stripper without violatingeffluent standards.
CVR169/034
3-7
: -.;. ' ••&**$• '-*-3CT Section- 4-
AIR STRIPPER
Section 4AIR STRIPPER
DESCRIPTION OF THE AIR STRIPPER
The air stripper is composed of a single 10-foot-diametertower containing 40 feet of 3-1/2-inch pall ring packing intwo 20-foot sections. The tower is made of fiberglass rein-forced plastic with stainless steel internals, and polypro-pylene packing.
Water enters the top of the tower through a 12-inch headerto a Norton wier-trough distributor. Atmospheric air ispulled upward through the tower counter-current to the direc-tion of water flow. A demister at the top of the tower re-moves entrained droplets from the air prior to discharge tothe vapor phase carbon adsorption units.
The stripper was designed for a nominal rate of 2,000 gpmwith a maximum hydraulic loading of 2,500 gpm. The air flowsystem is sized to deliver 5,000 to 6,000 acfm.
The air stripper is also equipped with a recirculation sys-tem to permit periodic addition of acid or disinfectant tocontrol accumulation of inorganic scale or biological growthon the packing material and internal.
AIR STRIPPER PERFORMANCE
Air stripper performance was monitored as part of the data-taking program. Most of the data was taken while the carbonadsorption pretreatment system was operating. This data isdiscussed below. A single set of data was taken on a daywhen the pretreatment system was being bypassed. This setof data is presented under "Performance Without Pretreat-ment," after the discussion of the larger data set.
PERFORMANCE WITH PRETREATMENT
Air stripper performance is generally reported as removalefficiency in percent. The efficiency is determined by tak-ing the difference between the influent and effluent concen-trations and dividing by the influent concentration.
This definition of performance poses some computational pro-blems, particularly when the effluent concentration is belowthe detection limit. If the detection limit is used as anestimate of the effluent concentration, the computed removalefficiency will understate the stripper performance. Con-versely, if the effluent concentration is assumed to be zero,the computed removal efficiency {100 percent) will overstatethe stripper performance.
4-1
Removal efficiencies are reported in Appendix C for eachcompound and for each day data was available. For thosedata points where effluent concentrations were below de-tection limits, removal efficiency is reported as greaterthan the efficiency computed if the effluent were at thedetection limit. For data where the influent was below de-tection limits, removal efficiency is reported as "NA" (notavailable) .
Table 3 summarizes those data points where both influent andeffluent concentrations were above detection limits . Resultsare reported as the average of such data points for eachcompound and are compared against results predicted by CH2MHILL's air stripping computer program. The number of datapoints used in each average is also reported.
Three compounds (1,2-DCA, CIS/TRANS, and MECL) had more than20 data points that could be used to compute an average re-moval efficiency. All of these averages showed reasonableagreement with predicted results. Thirteen data points wereavailable for 1,1,1-TCA, which showed performance much lowerthan predicted (76 percent versus 99.7 percent). Other re-suits were based on only 1 or 2 data points and showed mixedresults.
PERFORMANCE WITHOUT PRETREATMENT
On November 17, 1987, the carbon adsorption system was takenoff-line, allowing contaminated groundwater to be chargeddirectly to the stripper pump station (wet well) . The bypasswas conducted to see how well the stripper could performwithout pretreatment. Results of this single set of dataare reported in Table 4. Where effluent concentrations werebelow detection limits, results are reported as "greaterthan" as described earlier. Where influent concentrationswere below detection limits, results are reported as NA.
The results agreed reasonably well with predicted values formost of the compounds. However, data for 1,2-DCA and MECLshowed performance below predicted values, and 0-XYL showedperformance above predicted values.
OVERALL STRIPPER PERFORMANCE
Figure 14 shows how the influent and effluent TVOCs concen-trations have changed over time. Influent concentrationshave generally been below 200 ppb. The two high readings inNovember are from the bypass of the granular activated carbonpretreatment system.
CVR169/035
4-2
Table 3AIR STRIPPER PERFORMANCE
WITH PRETREATMENT
Compounds
CCL4
CCL3
1, 1-DCA
1,2 -DC A
1,1 -DCE
CIS
TRANS
MECL
PCE
1,1,1-TCA
TCE
VINYL
BEN
EBEN
TOL
O-XYL
PredictedRemoval
(%)
99.43
80.16
91.78
37.42
99.63
62.92
98.44
72.12
99.25
99.74
97.68
99.99
90.94
94.60
93.06
85.35
ActualRemoval
(%)
66,7
NA
NA
33.7
NA
86. 2a
72.6
NA
76.1
98.6
57.5
NA
NA
96.2
NA
Number ofData Points
1
NA
NA
34
NA
28a
38
NA
13
1
1
NA
NA
2
NA
Results for CIS and TRANS combined.NOTES: Air stripper water flow - 2,400 gpm,NA = Not available.
CVR169/014
Table 4AIR STRIPPER PERFORMANCEWITHOUT PRETREATMENT
Compounds
CCL4
CCL3
1,1 -DCA
1,2-DCA
1,1 -DCE
CIS
TRANS
MECL
PCE
1,1, 1-TCA
TCE
VINYL
BEN
EBEN
TOL
0-XYL
PredictedRemoval
(%)
99.43
80.16
91.78
37.42
99.63
62.92
98.44
72.12
99.25
99.74
97.68
99.99
90.94
94.60
93.06
85.35
Actual InfluentRemoval Concentration
(%) (ppb)
NA
>80.0
>75.0
25.0
NA
86.4
66.7
98.4
>99.0
97.4
NA
>75.0
>83.3
92.1
93.3
ND
5
4
4
1
22
3
61
98
154
NA
4
6
88
15
NOTES: Air stripper water flowon November 17, 1987).NA - Not available.ND = Not detectable.
= 2,400 gpm (from final test
CVR169/010
CONCENTRATION (PPB)
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Section 5
SUMMARY ANDRECOMMENDATIONS
Section 5SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY
The TSRR groundwater extraction system has demonstrated thefollowing performance results from its startup in March 1987through December 1987.
EXTRACTION WELLS
o The extraction well (EW) system has removed153 million gallons of VOC-contaminated ground-water containing approximately 6,100 pounds ofTVOCs.
o The combined extraction well concentration hasdecreased from an initial concentration of about19,000 ppb to approximately 2,500 ppb.
o The predominant contaminants by total mass arePCE, CIS/TRANS, TCE, 1,1,1-TCA, and TOL (for fullnames, see "Glossary of Compound Abbreviations" atbeginning of report).
o The major contamination has been from EW3, EW6,and EW8.
CARBON ADSORPTION SYSTEM
o Two trains of aqueous phase carbon totaling60,000 pounds of granular activated carbon haveadsorbed approximately 6,170 pounds of TVOCs.
o The system has served as an effective pretreatmentfor the air stripper unit.
o Desorption of MECL, vinyl, and 1,2-DCA (the resultof competition for adsorption sites) was observedas the carbon began to reach capacity. Detailedanalysis in modeling adsorption of multicomponentsystems was beyond the scope of this report, butmay be pursued by others in the future.
AIR STRIPPER
o Air stripper performance was evaluated both withand without operation of the carbon pretreatmentsystem. With the exception of 1,1,1-TCA/perfor-mance with pretreatment, and 1,2-DCA, MECL, and0-XYL/performance without pretreatment, removalefficiencies appeared to be generally consistentwith those predicted by CH2M HILL's computer model,
5-1
1The air stripper has consistently reduced ground-water concentration of VOCs to levels below thoserequired in the NPDES permit.
RECOMMENDATIONS
We recommend the following for further action:
o Monitoring of the groundwater extraction system1sefficiency should be continued to determine theimpact of the soil vapor extraction system ongroundwater contaminants.
CVR169/036
5-2
Section 6
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Section 6BIBLIOGRAPHY
Dobbs, Richard A. and Jesse M. Cohen. April 1980. CarbonAdsorption Isotherms for Toxic Organics. Municipal Environ-mental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency. Report Number EPA-600/8-80-023.
Love, 0. Thomas and Richard J. Miltner. Date not available.A Comparison of Procedures to Determine Adsorption Capacityof Volatile Organic Compounds on Activated Carbon. WaterEngineering Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Pro-tection Agency.
Crittenden, John C., Paul Luft, and David W. Hand. 1985."Prediction of Multicomponent Adsorption Equilibria in Back-ground Mixtures of Unknown Composition." Water Res., Vol. 19,No. 12, pp. 1537-1548. Pergamon Press Ltd.
Weber, Walter J. (Jr.) and Massoud Pirbazari. April 1982."Adsorption of Toxic and Carcinogenic Compounds from Water."AWWA.
CVR169/037
6-1
ApperuflxA ', , • - - - ' - . •
"' '- .'•-.'•' •' - '
EXTRACTION WELLS
Appendix AEXTRACTION WELLS
This appendix presents:
o Graphs showing the concentrations of the predomi-nant components found in the groundwater from eachextraction well
o Tables listing concentrations of individual con-taminants in each well
o A table entitled "Combined Extraction Wells" (thelast table in the appendix) showing the mass ofVOCs removed each day by the extraction well sys-tem
lw/CVR170/026
A-l
PREDOMINANT COMPONENTS OF EW1
OBO.
z81UJo
20000
10000
k
B
A
a
A
i
•
A " aA '
A
, , i
1
i
1
f
B <
i
1
iii
B 1,1-DCA CIS/TFa VINYL+ TOJUE
AANS
€
1
0 50 100 150 200
March 4, 1 987 June 1 1 , 1 987 Sept 1 8, 1 987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
2000
ofQ.a.
< 1000
tHIuoo
0 c
PREDOMINANT COMPONENTS OF EW2
A
AA
A
kf ,?+ ' .
A
A
A
i
B
—— B ————
i
1
A
i
Q
1
1
i
1
1
o CIS/TFA PCE0 1,1,11
* TCE
A
ANS
6A ————
+
Q50 100 150 200
March 4, 1987 June 11, 1987 Sept. 18, 1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
PREDOMINANT COMPONENTS OF EW315000
COQ.
Zogcc
LUU
OU
10000
5000
c
-a ———
1 x
....PL.,,,,,,,......
+*" x
A A g
;
a a
; * * '. * iH * » |
•
;
iii —————
-
*
aB
.
a CIS/TFI HCt• 1,1,1-1*• TCE« TOUJE
ANS
CA
C
i
C
March
10000
8000
CDQ.a2 6000O<OC
g 4000
82000
0C
March
) 50 100 150 200
4, 1987 June 11, 1987 Sept 18, 1987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
PREDOMINANT COMPONENTS OF EW4
a
i ————
40 a
*A!" B*i t § 5 ! !I • i
o asm* PCE• 1,1,1-1+ TCEx TOJUE
ANS
CA
t
•50 100 150 200
4. 1 987 June 1 1 , 1 987 Sept. 1 8, 1 987
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
PREDOMINANT COMPONENTS OF EW5
CO
NC
ENTR
ATIO
N (P
PB)
s ^o
8
8 g
A
1 A
h
a
a
3 " •
A
A
A
. •
RI m n
A* I'
i
3 Clfi/TRANft
A PCE• 1,1,1-1*• TCE
CA
150 100 150 200
4, 1 987 June 1 1 , 1987 Sept 1 8, 1 987
ma.a,zO5cc
UJozoo
TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
PREDOMINANT COMPONENTS OF EW612000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
k
A
— 4 ————
A
A
1
-% ————
•>„""»*-•"
B ta g•
A *—— A ————
3 I
«• i g
A
* 1m g
D CIS/TF* PCE 'D 1,1,1-1
+• TCEx TOLUB
ANS
CA
•IE
—————
S50
March 4. 1987
100 150
June 11,1987TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
200
Sept. 18, 1987
CONCENTRATION (PPB)CONCENTRATION (PPB)
2 M *•• o> oo o 2a O O Q O O 3 M * . o > o o a r oo o o o o o o o o o o o o o oJ o. —————————————————————————————————— ^ a — _____ —————————————————————————————
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CONCENTRATION (PPB)
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EXTRACTION WELL 1
EXTRACTION WELL CONCENTRATION DATACONCENTRATION EXPRESSED AS PPB
DAY1681321283542SO77100
CCL4M>NDNDNDNDND218NDNDNDND
OCL3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
113LT
1.1 -DCA26202360229021001930190015501310992899734
1.2-DCA5610298020701720148013001110744704412355
1.1-DCE65.97774ND
55 254.635.138.926.3NDND
CIS/TRANS16900126601100083705910605045103350267019601591
MKL315023901830139010501000618453345196
115LT
FCENDND27851.465.21060118217196129
121LT
1.1.1-TCA3750314028001870130014308817467364691460
ICE32.832
42853
56.874444.384.341
25.480LT
VINYL15800157901130092107450844063305540476026402790
BEN1060930893701
606 5523518451389380287
EBEN35836434332.6ND343ND8.1177174ND
TO.123001205012000890021
84003832
487047102663
o-XYL FLOW fqpm)4324604371050600.9224950889243214ND 4
EXTRACTION WELL 2DAY16a13212835425077100202
CCL4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
12LT
CCL33.1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND54
1.1 -DCA4.59.27.3
10.811.411.511.115.214.410.614LT13LT
1.2-DCANDNDNDNDND3.212.321.911.19.5NDND
1.1-DCE2.8NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
CIS/TRANS3548538216025848766438330518745
MECLNDNDNDND
15.025.936.135.324.613.5ND
1127
FCE285870982
10201278161013401850931952592
1877
1.1.1-TCA220336323284
304.62972322441341164720
ICE183290344263
281.633525832316313039
310
VINYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
BENND1.31.62.810.816.727.233
26.319.4NDND
EBB4ND2
1.61.84.6
16.75.317.18.5
10.8NDND
TCL24S
22891791852691971818047
o-XYLNDND1.92.33.98.122.128.325.619.2NDND
FLOW (turn}
OFF54
EXTRACTION WELL 3DAY16813212835425077100202
CCL4NDND
1120NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
ecu456ND
1470NDNDNDNDNDNDND61ND
1.1-DCA175230
103017517415814713111793.863
65LT
1.2-DCA23501910216014201250111067172754038918280LT
1.1-DCE37.155.830842
27.1NDNDNDNDNDNDND
CIS/TRANS11000990077007340619049403890414024801830928552
MECL363033502600223016101140594514471256ND
2141
PCE35605213292027802650311026003090360043401303401
1.1.1-TCA81705240496037702810252015002090284022301041384
ICE6640418046SO3230233018601410243046204280715440
VINYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND176205NDND
BEN8934611540447
312.925221320424719076ND
EBEN532408
1300295
199.1198210210694568109
63LT
TCL12100804583806370437035503360
19721065601161467
o-XYL675519138037213713221025692774419762LT
FLOW (Qpcnt
8045
EXTRACTION WELL 4
EXTRACTION WELL CONCENTRATION DATACONCENTRATION EXPRESSED AS PPB
MY16a13212835425077100202
ecuNDND231ND
13.5ND132NDNDNDND
19LT
ecuNDNDNDNDNDND192NDNDND
22LT708
1.1-DCA47.860120NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND28
1.2-DCA108055074625694.761
08.440.718.463ND39
1.1-DCENDND80NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
CIS/TRANS542037502040133075851031934920787.818LT118
MECL24720126495.790.446.630.722
12.2NDND
683
PCE537449333143
129.315683.612135.166.2
ND127
1.1.1-TCA304017201300929640639312375281263138687
ICE19001290971515
347.932818424114610737
466
VINYLNDND
322NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
BEN41920226895.547.423.81615
10.56ND
15LT
EBEN14198145NDNDNDND4.3304.8NDND
TCL8950506036001550
NDNDNDND23486.6NDND
o-XYL17713217313744.744.644.150.610.46.6NDND
FLOW loom)
4330
EXTRACTION WELL 5DAY16813212635425077100202
ecuNDNDNDNDNDND1.6ND
NDND1
ecuNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
ND2
219
1.1-DCA1.61.3NDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDND
1,2-DCAND1.6NDNDNDND2
ND
NDNDND
1.1-DCENDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDND
CIS/TRANS116521111
0.6LTNDND
MECLNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.1
NDNDND
PCE12795.283.728.728.237
23.229.1
8.654
1.1.1-TCA86.154.640.617
12.715.7
a10.9
2.426
ICE66.147.844.616.213.316.69
11.2
3.425
VINYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDND
BENNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDND
EBENNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDND
TO.2
NDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDND
o-XYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDND
FLOW (qpml
Off37
EXTRACTION WELL 6DAY16813212835425077100202
ecuNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNOND
69LT
CCL3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
16LT697
1.1-DCA87.566.540.2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
54LT
1.2-DCA24915311621414880.210272.941
23.5NDND
1.1-DCENDND
37.7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
CIS/TRANS37402520144082277254268650651832945121
MECL456372278456
488.721012323179.446.9ND
2200
PCE10600975069705410432035002990359041303470504215
1.1.1-TCA35302360191015301100636740683761670262233
ICE235024002250178012907646798311080768125408
VINYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
BEN41422622914071.847
52.338.263.535.8NDND
EBEN2212061981266850
59.44612032 2ND
59LT
TO.37803170296020001100713715679
1550702194ND
o-XYL29928426316347.727.171.660.119516.3ND
51LT
FLOWtoDml
4046
EXTRACTION WELL 7
EXTRACTION WELL CONCENTRATION DATACONCENTRATION EXPRESSED AS PPB
DAY16813212835425077100202
CCL4ND3.8M>NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1
CCL31.6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND46
1.1-DCA3.23.12.42.21.51.2NDNDND
0.7LT1
ND
1.2-DCAND5.4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
1.1-DCENDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
CISTTRANS211810a54433
1.611
MECLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
32.8NDNDND
PCE111
83.777.772.556.154
39.356
32.848.53422
1.1.1-TCA11176.458.942.333.631.226.325.724.617.82925
TCE51.435.531.523
17.720.215.617.81511915
VINYLNDNDNDNO4.5NDNDNDNDNDNDND
BENNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
EBENNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
TCLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
o-XYL FLOW loom)NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND 20 "ND 31
EXTRACTION WELL 8MY16813212835425077100202
0X4NDNDNONDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
CCL347.8306NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNOND
175LT
1,1 -OCA98.613601 .a56.27S.2ND
55.459.6NDNDNDND
1.2-DCA12601950061604
852.4418978548362193NDND
1.1-OCENDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
CISTRANS5830395026302200205013101350749410390
166LT135LT
MECL3110253014301050982.6557
1190605355200ND
1520
pee36203920235020005490424062804580I86028102061690
1.1.1-TCA78305780373029003160199033002440170017402409980
TCE91206410408031105230211057703 BOO2380259014981600
VINYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
MOLTND
BEN715672481
146.6340.4234.6419169124107NDND
EBEN33529417916923512738018510492 2ND
MOLT
TCL80907100511043204480233062403130224021801071
ND
o-XYL38436622022014789
450212143113ND
122LT
FLOW looni}
5051
EXTRACTION WELL 9DAY16813212835425077100
2002
ecuND
22.2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
11LT
ecu29.517.5NDNDNDND
13.5NDNDNDND
16LT
1.1 -OCA19.721.111.19.88NOND5.7NDNDNDND
1.2-DCA17910650.371.538.719.912.920.518.613.9ND
12LT
1.1-DCE8.17.9NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
CIS/TRAMS337255195214143119811381231193552
MECL40
56.629.355.135.525.69.4
35.614.115.313LT384
PCE265236294322
257.419213620207.31326984
1.1.1-TCA413236553502
324.8256101262210201264168
TCE489325612570319207139226166137153216
VNYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
BEN17311982.873.628.316.712.417.218
15.6ND
10LT
EBEN49.839.123.223.110.18.47.69.27.76.6ND
13LT
TO.1590137014601180560322261353323261210138
o-XYL69.556.632.833.810.37.6
13.714
13.510.7ND
14LT
FLOW latxn
6756
COMBINED EXTRACTION WELLSOPERATING
DAY• 1
267891013141516172021222728293134353637384142434445484950515255575962646669717376789294100102103106108112114147176203219238259260
CONCENTRATIONTVOC (ug/l)
18,81218,81117,04312,63014,78612,8509,805
11,78211,21016,2759,2909,7637,4607,9489.3826,3613,5416,6257,3676,9617,85011,2023,2063,2235,3977,6437,0186.7478,3926,2967,5778,7939,8028.4974,8535,59110.8315.690
12,5234,951
10.0658,9749.2087.0916.4376,0003,5255,6313,6203,5543.6892,3221,0172,6842.0553,3257.1982,0124,6711.0132.675
TOTAL FLOW(aa l /dav)505,200554,700471,600452,100478L800449,200425,400596,400575.200556.800535,800510,900568,700545,200537,300570,100589,600566,400524,500447,100495,600572,000528,000509^700473,000504,800483,800464,500466,300497,200459,800456,000442,800427,800499,400483,300469,300432.000513,700496,200468,200501,000479,200550,600541,600198,100555,900517,200611,000566,300554,500563,600566,200530,100561,600
613,000472,400512,600527,900543.800
FLOW TO SINGLEUNIT (gat/day)
196.300214,000152,000148,600146^500128,500126,500168,400160,500149,800140,100133,600109,90083,200135,400155,900165,700150,500152,700134,500132,100155.600142.300138.600130,500141,300143,100139,300142,700160,300141,900153,900165,300163,300160,000160.600159.500154.700104,300105.000108,600108,000118.000182,600182,40066,200183.000173,700205,400190.900190,400191,200193,900177.500185.900
193,200161,400174.400167,200181.500
FLOW TO 2 UNITSIN SERIES(qal/dav)
308.900340,700319,600303,500332.300320,700298,900428,000414.700407.000395,700377,300458,800462.000401.900414,200423.900415,900371,800312,600363.500416.400385,700371.100342,500363,500340,700325.200323.600336,900317,900302,100277,500264,500339,400322,700309.800277.300409,400391,200359.600393,000361.200368.000359,200131,900372.900343,500405,600375,400364,100372,400372,300352,600375.700
419.800311,000338.200360,700362,300
TVOC'S REMOVED( Ibs/day)
79.487.267.247.759.248.234.958.753.975.741.641.735.436.242.130.317.431.432.326.032.553.514.113.721.332.228.426.232.726.229.133.536.330.420.222.642.520.553.820.539.437.636.932.629.19.9
16.424.318.516.817.110.94.8
11.99.6
36.97.9
20.04.5
12.2
I AVERAGEFLOW. 509.517 153.038 356.478
Appendix B
CARBON ADSORPTION UNITS
Appendix BCARBON ADSORPTION UNITS
This appendix presents graphs plotting influent and effluentconcentrations of the individual contaminants and of TVOCsover the groundwater extraction system's first 300 days ofoperation.
1W/CVR170/027
B-l
GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON - SINGLE UNIT - CCL4
S 1000
11 500
Ou •
0MM* 4.1997
•
1.
j !
• INFLUENT.,.......„._ f e EFFLUFNT —
i
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Joo»11, 1M7 S«(X.1«.1M7 OM.29.1M7
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TIME (DAYS RUNMHO)
CONC
ENTR
ATIO
N (P
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§ i I
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——————————— ———————————— ,
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I11
TMIE (DAYS RUNMNO)
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ENTR
ATIO
N (P
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300Ott.2l.1M7
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Much 4.1917100
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TIME (DAYS RUNNINQ)
100 200JuiMt1,1M7 Swt1*,1M7
TIME (DAYS RUHNWO)
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4. 1987 JUM 11, 1M7 S«pL 1*. 1MT
.. ——
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TIME (DAYS RUHWHQ)
GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON - SINGLE UNIT - GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON - 2 UNITS W SERES - CB/TRANS
CONC
ENTR
ATIO
N (P
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a EFFLUENT
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Jura11,IM7 S«L19.1M7 D*B.2»,1M7
TttlC (DAYS RUNNING) TIME (DAYS RUNNING)
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CO
NC
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GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON - SINGLE UNIT - PCS GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON - 2 UNITS IN SERIES - PCE
1000
M*n*4.1987100
Jun*11.1M7200
S*pt19.1987
THIE (DAYS RUNNING)O«o.2«,1M7 M«reti4,1987
TMC(OAYSRUNMHa)
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800
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GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON - SINGLE UWT - TOTAL VOC QRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON - 2 UNITS IN SERIES - TOTAL VOC
CO
NC
ENTR
ATIO
N (P
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Appendix C
AIR STRIPPER
Appendix CAIR STRIPPER
This appendix presents:
A table listing the air stripper's removal effi-ciencies for each compound on each day that datawas available
If effluent concentrations were below detec-tion limits, the removal efficiency is re-ported as greater than the efficiency computedif the effluent was set equal to the detectionlimit
If the influent concentration was below de-tection limits, removal efficiency is reportedas not available (NA)
Graphs plotting influent and effluent concentra-tions for each compound over the system's 300-dayoperating period
lw/CVR170/037
C-l
AIR STRIPPER PERFORMANCE
EFFICIENCIES1678910141720212227282931343536373841424344454849505152555759626466697173106108112114147203219238259260
CCL4MANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA
> 47.37%NANANANANANANA
>50.00%NA
66.67%NANANA
CCL3>90.38%'
NANANANANANANANANANANA
•> 76.19%'NANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA
> 50.00%NA
> 50.00%NA
> 66.67%>75.00%
1.1-DCANA
> 77.78%> 80.77%> 80.39%> 80.39%> 87.50%7 81.48%> 77.78%* 62.46%78148%>84.13%> 83 33%7 93.10%> 83.33%7 84.85%> 82.76%> 85.71%7 82.46%> 80.00%782.46%>83.05%763.61%> 65.92%784.13%>83.33%*• 83.61%> 83.87%^81.48%^•81.82%*• 81.82%^82.46%> 84.85%> 82.76%>82.14%> 85.92%>83.87%>64.85%>86.30%>85.92%* 87.50%786.89%7 85.71%775.00%> 80.00%>75.00%> 85.71%
NA7 88.89%> 75.00%
1 ,2-DCANANANANANANANANA
> 47.37%> 37.50%
33.33%44.83%52.73%17.39%28.57%
>44.44%816%
32.43%51.61%20.69%
NA21.43%34.88%34.62%16.22%23.08%36.36%12.50%29.17%18.75%15.63%29.27%20.83%
>68.75%44.12%43.94%41.82%42.65%72.41%55.56%40.00%
>87.SO%16.67%30.00%
>85.71%33.33%42.86%50.00%50.00%
1.1 -DCENANANANANA
>9.09%NANANANANANA
> 44.44%NANANA
>9.09%NANANANANA
>58.33%NANA
>9.09%>9.09%
NANANANANANANA
>9.09%NANANANANANANANA
>50.00%NANANA
> 50.00%NA
CISNA
> 87.18%7 88.76%787.65%>86.49%> 86.10%> 87.65%7 85.92%>91.53%790.29%79123%
88.10%86.74%80.19%
791.60%>91.60%
76.97%81.69%
>91.80%82.96%
>90.38%>93.01%
80.00%91.33%81.99%87.76%87.50%81.37%90.09%79.55%81.54%83.01%89.60%
>91.74%91.24%83.52%89.25%88.84%
795.87%96.00%91.67%
> 95.65%90.48%82.50%
796.1 5%86.96%87.50%92.31%90.91%
MECLNANANANANA
> 28.57%•>60.00%83.61%84.94%80.14%80.13%71.40%73.28%60.08%77.73%78.98%57.02%60.36%72.32%64.68%74.18%78.00%58.35%74.37%60.43%68.28%67.66%63.09%79.47%59.26%63.06%66.26%69.75%82.43%75.45%62.33%67.46%71.36%94.87%83.33%83.33%80.00%75.00%83.33%
NA>50.00%
NA60.00%
>75.00%
FCE>90.20%>92.2S%792.19%790.48%789.90%792.19%>91.74%789.80%>91.BO%7*0.83%>92.19%7 92.59%
99.29%793.29%>93.63%793.01%>94.44%792.48%>91.94%•79265%>92.25%792.25%793.71%>93.20%792.96%>93.06%793.75%>90.20%786.67%786.11%>87.01%793.90%791.45%790.74%> 92.54%>92.42%•792.70%>93.06%
67.52%>92.66%794.12%•795.24%> 90.91%>60.00%775.00%>83.33%
NA787.50%798.00%
1,1.1-TCA> 85.07%
44.16%> 88.89%>87.80%>89.01%>88.10%>88.24%786.67%789.13%>87.50%> 88.89%789.80%
97.69%789.47%>89.69%>91.15%71.31%
>90.10%>88.64%
80.77%70.00%80.41%82.86%
790.00%74.04%
7 90.00%>«0.99%>66.10%>88.24%
73.63%73.17%76.70%75.61%
> 87.34%>90.10%> 90.10%>8936%792.31%> 90.65%>00.91%>92.31%
60.00%780.00%> 83.33%780.00%•> 88.89%
NA794.74%>98.84%
TCE VINYL>9.09% >11.50%
NA >1736%79.09% > 28.06%>16.67% NA
NA > 54.55%737.50% 714.53%
NA NANA NA
728.57% NA716.67% 736.31%733.33% 57.54%744.44% 740.12%
97.63% >74.49%758.33% >40.12%737.50% 749.24%>3333% > 47.37%754.55% 765.16%733.33% >59.51%716.67% 736-71%>33.33% >57.81%>33.33% 765.75%733.33% 751.22%761.54% > 72.68%737.50% >64.03%744.44% 761.83%>37.50% 762.83%>44.44% 750.50%723.08% 763.37%>16.67% >48.98%>16.67% > 55.36%>26.47% 754.55%752.36% 770.59%>28.57% NA>28.57% 767.11%750.00% >71.51%77757% 749.75%> 44.44% 744.75%> 56.52% 733.33%>50.00% >58.85%
NA 791.38%NA >86.67%NA NANA NA
> 50.00% NANA NA
75000% 747.37%NA NA
>66.67% NA98.57% NA
BENNANANANANANANANANANANANA
790.65%NANANANANANANANANA
79.09%NANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA
75.00%
BENNANANANANANANANANANANANA
786.84%NANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA
80.00%
TOLNANANANANANANANANANA
o-XYLNANANANANANANANANANA
NA NANA NA
95.03% > 81 .82%NA NANA NANANANANANANANANANAMANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA
750.00%NANANANANANANA
97.40%
NANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA
92.86%NA -- NOT AVAILABLE
AH STRIPPER-CCU AIR STRIPPER-CCU
•
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Appendix D____
DATA LIMITATIONS
Appendix DDATA LIMITATIONS
The sampling and analytical techniques used during operationimposed certain limitations in the data. These limitationsare presented below as qualifications to the observationsmade in this report.
o Most of the data was generated in NUS Corporation'smobile laboratory. Mobile labs usually are in-tended for screening analyses, not for the levelsof precision generally achieved in the contractlab program (CLP). Because of this, the mobilelab data has not been subjected to a formal datavalidation review as is generally required for CLPdata. The portion of the data that was obtainedfrom analyses in NUS's Pittsburgh lab has beenthrough a validation review.
o Concentration measurements for the isomers of1,2-Dichloroethylene (cis- and trans-) were notseparated in the laboratories' analytical reportsheets. This is true for results from both mobileand Pittsburgh labs. Therefore, throughout thisreport CIS/TRANS refers to the combined concentra-tions of the two isomers.
o Only one, two, or sometimes three sampling eventstook place in July, August, September, October,and November 1987.
o Many volatile compounds were present in the ground-water and contributed to the carbon loading; how-ever, routine tests were not run for many of theVOCs, and thus quantitative accounts cannot bemade for some of the VOCs. References in thisreport to total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs)will mean a summation of the VOCs for which analy-ses were run. A list of these compounds is shownin the "Glossary of Compound Abbreviations," whichprecedes this report.
o During a sampling event, grab samples were takenonce per day. These samples were assumed to rep-resent the concentrations for a 24-hour period.There were daily fluctuations, but it was assumedthat most of the error arising from an occasionalspike or dip in concentration would probably aver-age out in the long run.
o Each of the carbon units had a flow totalizer onthe inlet line so that an accurate flow total could
D-l
Ibe recorded daily. Flows from the totalizer wereassumed to be taken at approximately the same timeevery day and thus to represent the total flow forthe previous 24 hours .
CVR169/031
D-2
Appendix E
SAMPLING POINTCONCENTRATION DATA
Appendix ESAMPLING POINT CONCENTRATION DATA
This appendix presents concentrations of each compound atextraction well sampling points WSl, WS3, WS4, WS5, and WS6for each operating day for which that data was available.Figure E-l shows the sampling point locations.
1W/CVR170/038
E-l
J: \INDUST\W68471\SCHeu.DWG
SINGLE CARBONADSORPTION UNIT
WS4
TWO CARBON ADSORPTION[WS2 UNITS IN SERIES
EXTRACTIONFORCEMAIN
FROM BLOCKING,WELLS
- SAMPLING POINTS ANDIDENTIFICATION NUMBER
WS5—»S
WET WELL
TO VAPOR-PHASECARBON
BLOWER
\WS6
TO BATTLECREEKRIVER
W6B471.DE
RGURE E-1SAMPLING POINT LOCATIONS
WS1 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB)Op«r. Oat
1267a91013141516172021222726293134353637384142434445464950515255575962646669717376769294100102103106106112114147176203219238259260
ecuNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDtototototototototototo
1230NDNDNDND126NDNDNDND116165NDNDNDNDND
685NDNDNDNDNDNDNANANANANANDNDNDND
25LT25LT
ND85200NDND
CCL3NDNDNDNDNDND
12.4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
903NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND139NDNDNDNDND
483NDND159NDNDND60185104NANA25
69LTND28525LT170ND75NANDND
1.1-DCA91.7149124116161140140120110240100110701059290
45.362
64.470.475.473.927.731.4M.SW.S73.67S.670.678.872.477.211657.826.429
26.825.237626.449.771.856.752.239.4NANA106NANANDNDNDND
25LT25LT
ND32LTNAND
30LT
1.2-DCA100010809OO719643464324570570920340360270338350210
136.122023822730347310697.*1501*337*19*1*917617722024020712715115411357799.593.8257139111128NANA124NA62NDNDND10925LT35ND56ND
33LT27LT
1,1-DCEtoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND25NDNDNDND
46.8NDNDNDNDMlNDNDNDNDND
24.160.2NDNDNDNDND
287NDND277ND
29.1toNANANANANANDNDNDND
25LT25LT
NDNDNANDND
CIS/TRANS3470323030602150263021901660200020802640161017701350152014201100743
11001300114014001160550572721
1190102093610909979956575068969467069055595952249168465854358830639944413038730521316529123023008LT2808592113
bECL11001120817675694566295700700980370470290300410290
177.323628323428023796.*B2.61561*614*1S714917112713617183.610310510996.638511093.813811913881.2NANANANANA
62LTND
46LTND
34060NANDND
26tTND
PC£20002240264021102540202015802170225030301770189016001520215015201020187021601870200016006128211350192014701680224016302040179019701660142011403010229022501290270022902400176016601491920
1237108011971231813ND
4904709605626609
2786250407
1.1.1-TCA290029702680168017401840120015501620247011001330940937
15106044788708568360998904074165936771220726103071181484410001030608780
115090010606861040983997779832893997772
1324719538452273483300480276375680204562
TCE260026302300160019601660114013701470224011501310820826
12306603327568079911150845415410735
101084*
1030140091*1280121014201520746
1060214017101430874
190014601860134012501455395843541510526404261401290530
1063530720248922
VWYL44035839048046336654642220640270230260288ND276NDND118153115125NDND18633614915212*199141
1220667139NDNDNDNDNDto
61.564.165.267.2NDNANANAISONA175NDNDND2532NDNDNANANA
BB4350352293214231218167200200190
24302250175011413084
37.587.880.776.681.695.843.144.472.291
78.679.676.*66.874.110814077.451.857.975.5NA
45951.573.210378.273
62.4NANA
457NANANDNDNDND
50LT2SLT
NANANAND
26LT
EBEN16014714711112912488.7100100asNDNDND728060
23.159.572.363.864.6208034.638.260.187.494.294.4133S6.411638223826233.6106270NA86469.7269211205147105NANA100NANANDNDND
39LT50LT58NDNANA
23LT39LT
TO.4500435035002630323031002530280017502710602390
174019401310531
13201310125012661400671663
122015701320150017201200160021002390242097013502840
NA17401130287020002360186015501620829
1237395659860440318625400770231NANA219568
o-XVL200185192145165162120160140130NDNDND
08.27042
18.143.557.547.466.369.440.646.282.710392-211516489.814050131635172.8142366NA96891.4382.8276270191141175NA117NANANDNDND
3BLTNANANDNANA
22LT103
TVOC18.81218.8111 7.04312.63014.78612.8509.80511.76211.21016.2759.2909.7637.4607.9489.3826.3613.5416.62S7.3676.9617.8501 1 ,2023.2063.2235.3977.6437.0186.7478.3926.2967.5778.7939.8026.4974.8535.59110.8315.69012.5234.95110.0656.9749.2067.0916.4376.0003.5255.6313.6203.5543.6892.3221.0172.6842.0553.3257.1982.0124.6711.0132,675 _
NO-NOT DETECTABLE NA •• NOT AVAILABLE LT - LESS THAN
WS3 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB)Op*r. O*y
1267B91013141516172021222728293134353637384142434445484950515255575962646669717376789299100101106108112114147203219238259
CCL4tototototo1.6tototototototototototototototototo1.7to1.7toto2.2toNDtotototototototototototototototototototototo
SOLTND10H>ND
CCL3totoNDNDNDtoNDNDtoND1.3NDNDNONDtoNDNDND4.45
3.1ND4.82.14.5NDNO5.25
ND2.93.3ND4
4.24.43.85.95.54.96.26.25.9NA446557
ND127SOLT
616513
1.1 -DCA3.81.6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.2ND2
2.73.41.72.72.76
4.646
3.24.43.93.25.26.53.73.24.84.65.S6.86.36.710.79.79.110.211.310.210.91020111114181620
SOLT14271217
1.2 DCA1.1NDNDNDND2.2tototo1
NDND9.610.412.215.822.715.617.430.433
24.922.724.617.422.521.622.426.438.726.219.218.221.726.531.231.227.5240.638.333.845.842.942.647.92956S
5263797586
SOLT42623751
1.1 DCEtototoNDNDNDtototoNDNDNDtototoNDNDNDNDtotototoroND2
NDNDNDNDNDNDNDtotototoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
SOLT1214
CIS/TRAMSNDtototototototototototo
21.122.723
39.545.431.737
60.472.355.356.355.835.5S3.652.350.456.884.3656.938.337
46.553.560
60.2S5.894.382.676.198.497.997.611355988881818812112735016131212860
hECLNDNDNDNDtototo1.55
15.516
33.6152.2196.9242.52492602563053683102552372522422S92S92592743182652302242272552542522182341951621911671251357611364714149313656919916
PCENDNDNDNDNDNDNDtotototototototototototototototototo1.6ND1.71.31.2NDNDNDND2.8NDNDNDNDNDND2.61.11.4NDNDNDNDNDNDM>NDND
SOLT13
NDND
1,1.1-TCA2
NDNDNDND2.83
NDNDNDNDND5
5.76.18.512.5
8»14
16.211.911
12.86.112.110.810.214
15.711.48.97.99.611.111.512.810.416.514.712.516.115.S15.318126
23181115146
SOLT29462668
TCENDNDNDNDNDND1.6NDNDNDNDND1.51.51.44.35.83.63.45.67.24.74.14.93.35.14.14.267.74.53
3.13.44.44.24.53.77.35.94.66.15.97.37.3554333543
SOLT69610
VINYL2.5NDNDNDNDNDND4.2NDNDNDND
47.670
86.210611297.91191771251251091331211831471341332251551821681221501852112102281801701231371131163163322742004844588174
SOLTND5839NA
BEN2.11.3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.6ND1.6NDND1.7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.11
NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1LTNDNANA1LT
EBENNDNDNONDNDM>NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDtototototototoNDNDNDNDNDtotototoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4ND1LTNDNANAND
TOL13.55.9NDNDNDND1.2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.11
1.3ND1.61.21.31.32
1.91.S1.71.72.22.12
NDNDNDND34ND1LTtoNANA1LT
o-XVLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDtototoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNANDNANAND
TVOC259NDNDND7665171734238307373426482415494663575485444497433551499485526702524489468435516558584537639534475501487422451509638475471702723350481406269584263239
NO - NOT DETECTABLE NA -- NOT AVAILABLE LT -• LESS THAN
WS5 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB)Op*r. Day
1676910141720212227282931343536373841424344454849SO5152555759626466697173106108112114147203219238259260
ecuNDN>NDtototoNDNDNDMDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.1NDMDK)NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.9NDNDNDNDNDNDND2LTND31
NDND
ecu10.4NDNDNDNDNDNDtotoNDNDMD4.2NDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1
NDNDND2LT
12
ND34
1.1-DCAND4.55.25.15.18
5.44.55.75.46.36
14.56
6-65.67
5.75
5.75.96.17.16.36
6.16.25.45.55.55.76.65.85.67.16.26.67.37.16974547494
1.2-DCANDNDMDNDNDNDNDND1.91.61.52.9
31.12.32.11.64.93.73.12.92.52.84.32.63.72.63.32.42.43.23.24.12.43.26.86.65.S6.88.791086to7127144
1.1 -DCEMDNDMDNDND1.1NDMDNDMD1to1.8NDNDND1.1MDMDto1
ND2.4K>N>1.11.1NDNDNDNDNDNDND1.1ND1
NDND1
NDNDND2LTMDNDND21
CIS/TRANSto7.88.98.17.48.48.17.111.810.311.412.614410.611.911.915.214.212.213510.414.312.5is
16.114.716
10.211.113.213
15.312.512.121.717.618.622.424.225242321402646246522
hECLNDNDNDNDND1.42.56.131.227.730.245.152.447.149.437.16O.544 .835.440.242.640
43.739.64C.S43.543.636.338
37.637.941.231.429.639.129.228.629396654612154
KE10.212.912.810.59.912.812.19.812.210912.813.519814.915.714.318
13.312.413.612.912.915.914.714.214.416
10.27.57.27.716.411.710.813.413.213.714.411.71417211 15465850
1.1.1-TCA6.77.79
8.29.1848.57.59.289
9.882.39.59.711.312.210.18.810.49
9.710.510
10.410
11.18.48.59.18.210.38.27.910.110.19.413
10.711135565961966
TCE1.11
1.11.2ND1.61
MD1.41.21.51.8
71.82.41.61.52.21.51-21.51.51.52.61.61.81.61.81.31.21.21.362.11.41.42
4.41.82.3211
ND1
2LT1213
140
VINYL11.312.113,9MD22
11.7NDtotO15.717.916.739.216.719.719
26.724.715.823.729220.536.627.826.226.920.227.319.622.42234ND
30.435.119.918.1IS
24.3116751092
MD19NDNAHA
BENNDMDNDNDMDNDMDNDNDMDNDMD10.7NDNDNDNDM>NDNDNDND1.1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1LTNDNANAND4
HENMDMDMDMDNDMDMDMDMDMDMDND7.6MDMDMDNDNDMDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.2NDMDNDHDNDNDMDNDNDMDNDNDMDND1LTNDNANAND5
TO.MDtoMDNDtoMDM>HDMDMDMDMD157NDNDMDMDMDNDHDMDHDHDMDNDNDNDNDNDHDMDNDMDNDNDMDNDtoMDI2
MDMD1LTMDNANAND77
O-XYLMDNDHDtoMDMDMDMDHDMDMDND5.5MDHDHDMDNDMDNDMDNDHDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDMDNANDHANAND14
TVOC39.746
50.933.153.553.437.635
73.480,891.6108.4820.1109.5116.7102.7149.8118.193.9111.5115
107.8138.8117.8124.9120.9119.3101.595
99.699.0613073.4101
136.4109.1103.3110.2127.71931577961744910849128415
ND-NOT DETECTABLE NA - NOT AVALABLE LT -- LESS THAN
WS4 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB)Op*r. Day
126789101314151617202122272829313435363738414243444548405051525557596264666971737679809299101106203219238
CCL4NDNANDNDNDNDtoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND21
ecutoNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.9NDNDNDND4NDND1.8ND3.2NDND333
NDND94
1.1 -DCANDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.2NDND1.2NDNDNDND3.2NDNDNDND3.7ND2.32.3ND6.83.52.13.73.44.73.7457
128
ND1302811
1.2- DC ANDNANDNDNDNDND1
NDNDNDNDNDND3.73.75.73.32.73
13.78.16.6ND5.56.15.45.617.8
97.45.55.919.410.812.311.39.928.615.59.1lfl.517.719.219.216.9194536ND419138
1,1 -DCENDNAtotototototototototoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDtototoNDND1321
CIS/WANSNDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.46.48.94.23.64.121213.913.313.58.612.19.79.731.918.313.58.79.335.916
18.918.516.553.430.320.335.731.338
36.634.4384846ND7
333126
LEO.NDNA1.11.22.89.324.643.660
79.441.353.666.298166203
305.7231271298145247249249250268269268292252274236222242265256242203201182159185152123119110597637ND7168
PCENDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1
NDNDNDNDNDNDND3.2NDNDNDND2.2NDND3
1.1.1-TCANDNA3.2NDND1.81.92.3NDNDNDNDNDND2.62.33
2.32.22.76.54.54
4.83.53.83.33.38
4.33.63
2.86.73.94.44.64.59.86.74.38.56.67.47.66.7636
NA112815
TCENDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDN>NDNDND1.6NDND1.3ND1.1NDND1.91.2NDNDND1.3NDND1
ND2.21.51
1.91.62.51.61.812
NA
131
VINYLNDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
29.844.742.441.746.148.910467.36271.566.412195.491.4156128106131141171144156196196308182181128164120113111311221191NDND8038
BENNDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNANA
EEENNDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7
NDNDNDND1.6NDNDNDNDtotoNDNDNDNDND3toNANA
TOLNDNANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDtotoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2
ND2
NDNANA
o-XVLNDNANDNDtotototototototototototoNDNDNDNDNDtoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDto6NDNANA
TVOCNANA4131127476079415486982082603662B332635746434133534135441238337851141340538438848344045247743461442237738437731830432644441432713
210592246
ND- NOT DETECTABLE NA - NOT AVAILABLE LT - LESS THAN
WS6 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB)Op«r. Day
167a910141720212227282931343536373841424344454849SO5152555759626466697173106108112114147203219238259260261
CCL4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1LTND1NANDNDND
CCL3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDMDMDMDNDNDNDND21
1LTNDMDNANDNDND
1.1 DCANDMDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDMDNDNDMDMDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDND1LTNDNDNANDNDND
1.2 DCANDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND11.614.71.91.5ND4.52.51.52.32.52.22.81.73.122.1211.72.62.72.91.9ND3.83.73.23.92.446ND57ND8472ND
1,1-DCENDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDtototototototototototototoNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1LT4NDNANDNDND
CIS/TRANSNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDMDNDND1.519-12.1NDND352.6ND2.3NDND2.51.32.91.821.91.12.72.42.61.3ND1.92.922-5NDl2ND27ND6352ND
LEO.NDNDNDNDNDNDND14.75.56
12.91418.81 17.82617.89.814.2118.818.210.218.413.814.113.47.8IS. 414
13.99.55.29.61 19.38.32111113NDNA1NDND
PCENDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDND3.8NDNDNDND1LTNDNDNAMDND12
1.1.1-TCAND4.3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.9NDNDND35NDND22.71.91.8ND2.7NDNDNDND2.42.22.42NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2ND1LTNDNDNAMDNDND
TCEND1.4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1LTNDNDNAND21 1
VINYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1LTNDNDNANANANA
8ENNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDMDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDMDND1LTNDNANANDNDND
EGENNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1LTNDNANANDNDND
TOLND1.6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.8NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDND1ND1LTNDNANAND2ND
OXYLNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDMDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND
NDNANANDNDND
TVOCND7.3NANANANANA14.75.514.61660.622.812.57.837.522.911.320.816.212.925.313.227.117.618.217.410.623.121.321.814.75.215317.614.514.78.2696915715713a23
NO--NOT DETECT ABIE NA -- NOT AVAILABLE LT -- LESS THAN
Appendix F_______
OPERATING DAY TABLE
Appendix FOPERATING DAY TABLE
The following table converts operating days into calendardays (e.g.. Operating Day 1 « March 4, 1987, Operating Day 2= March 5, 1987, and so forth).
1W/CVR170/039
F-l
OPERATING DAY TABLEOperating
Day123456789
101 1121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950
CorrespondingDale
3 / 4 / 8 73 / 5 / 8 73/6/873 / 7 / 8 73 / 8 / 8 73 /9 /87
3/10/873/11/873/12/873/13/873/14/873/15/873/16/873/17/873/18/873/19/873/20/873/21/873/22/873/23/873/24/873/25/673/26/873/27/873/28/873/29/873/30/873/31/874/1/874/2/874/3/874/4/874/5/874 /6 /874/7/874/8/874/9/87
4/10/674/11/874/12/874/13/874/14/874/15/674/16/874/17/874/18/874/19/874/20/874/21/874/22/87
OperatingDay51525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081628384858667888990919293949596979899100
CorrespondingDate
4 /23 /874 / 2 4 / 8 74/25/874 / 2 6 / 8 74 /27 /874/28/874/29/874/30/875/1/875/2/675 /3 /875/4/875/5/875/6/875/7/875/8/875/9/87
5/10/875/11/875/12/875/13/875/14/875/15/875/16/875/17/875/18/875/19/875/20/875/21/875/22/875/23/675/24/875/25/875/26/875/27/875/28/875/29/875/30/875/31/876/1/876/2/876/3 /876 /4 /676/5/876/6/876/7/876/8 /876/9 /87
6/10/876/11/B7
OperatingDay101102103104105106107108109110111
1213141516171819
120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147146149150
CorrespondingDate
6 /12 /876 / 1 3 / 8 76/14/876/15/876/16/876/17 /876/18/876/19/876/20/876/21/876/22/676/23/876/24/876/25/876/26/876/27/876/28/876/29/876/30/877/1/877/2/877/3/877/4/877/5/877/6/877/7/877/8/877/9/87
7/10/877/11/877/12/877/13/877/14/877/15/877/16/8771 17 7877/18/877/19/877/20/877/21/877/22/877/23/877/24/877/25/877/26/877/27/877/28/877/29/877/30/877/31/87
OperatingDay151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179160181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200
CorrespondingDate
8 / 1 / 6 78 / 2 / 8 78/3/878 / 4 / 8 78 / 5 / 8 78 / 6 / 8 78 /7 /878 /8 /878/9 /87
8/10/878/11/878/12/678/13/878/14/878/15/878/16/878/17/878/18/878/19/878/20/876/21/878/22/878/23/878/24/878/25/878/26/878/27/878/28/878/29/878/30/878/31/879/1 /879/2/879/3 /879 / 4 / 8 79 /5 /879/6/879/7 /879/8/879 /9 /87
9/10/879/11 /879 / 1 2 / 8 79/13/879/14/879/15/679/16/679/17/879/18/879/19/87
OperatingDay201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227226229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250
CorrespondingDate
9 / 2 0 / 8 79 / 2 1 / 8 79/22/879 /23 /879 / 2 4 / 8 79/25/879/26/879 /27 /879/28/879/29/879/30/8710/1/8710/2/8710/3/8710/4/8710/5/8710/6/8710/7/8710/8/8710/9/87
10/10/8710/11/8710/12/6710/13/8710/14/8710/15/8710/16/8710/17/8710/18/8710/19/8710/20/8710/21/8710/22/8710/23/8710/24/8710/25/8710/26/8710/27/8710/28/8710/29/8710/30/8710/31/8711/1/871 1/2/871 1/3/8711/4/871 1/5/671 1/6/8711/7/8711/6/87
OperatingDay251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277276279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297290299300
CorrespondingDate
1 1 /9 /871 1 /10/871 1/1 1/871 1 / 1 2 / 8 711 /13 /8711/14/8711/15/8711/16/8711/17/8711/10/8711/19/8711/20/8711/21/8711/22/8711/23/8711/24/8711/25/6711/26/8711/27/8711/26/8711/29/8711/30/8712/1/8712/2/6712/3/8712/4/8712 /5 /8712/6/8712/7/8712/8/8712 /9 /8712 /10 /8712 /11 /8712/12 /8712/13 /8712 /14 /8712/15/8712 /16 /871 2 / 1 7 / 8 71 2 / 1 8 / 8 712/19/8712/20/8712 /21 /6712/22/8712/23/8712/24 /8712/25/6712/26/8712/27/8712/28/87
II
1
CKMHIU.Mock * V«otehCFPRCEcology and Environment