Ch 20-PROTISTA

• The Kingdom Protista• Defined more by differences than similarities• Not actual plants ,animals or fungi• Many _________________________- and all

eukaryotes• So diverse that many biologists suggest they

should be composed of several kingdoms

UNICELLULAR

• Classification based on :• 1)________________________________-

heterotrophs,autotrophs,decomposers and parasites

• 2)Some classified by how they move

nutrition

II. Animallike protists:___________________________________

• 4 Phylla: distinquished by modes of movement• ___________________use whiplike flagella;many are

aquatic;many absorb food through cell membranes;many reproduce asexually and some sexually by meiosis

• Sarcodines use _________________for movement and feeding:example-amoebas-move by extensions of psuedopods:have food vacuoles;_______________secrete calcium carbonate shells

protozoans

Zooflagellates

pseudopodsForaminiferans

• Ciliophora move by hairlike __________________;best known are of genus ____________-has micronucleus and macronucleus,gullet or oral groove,anal groove,contractile vacuole to balance water content,reproduce asexually and sexually by conjugation

• _____________do not move;many parasites,reproduce by ________

cilia ciliaophora

sporozoans

• Diseases from protists• ****-_____________________-caused by Plasmodium and

Anopheles mosquito,many forms resistant to drugs

malaria

***Other Protistan diseases_Trypanosoma

Carried by ______flytsetse

****Amebic dysentery

Giardia

NONPARASITIC__Trichonympha-mutualism

Digests wood for termite!!!!

III.Plantlike Protists

-Unicellular algaeContain chlorophyll and undergo photosynthesis***_____________________-plantlike,have 2 flagella and no cell wall

Euglenophytes

• _________________________________-yellow-green algae and golden brown algae

• _______________________-thin ,delicate CELL WALLS OF SLICA-GLASSLIKE

• DINOFLAGELLATES-half are photosynthetic and half are heterotrophic,some luminescent

Crysophytadiatoms

• PHYTOPLANKTON-near surface of ocean and food source

• Algal blooms that are massive deplete nutrients and many cells die-an indicator of pollution

IV .Plantlike protists-red,brown and green algae

• Red algae-__________________-uses chloroplyll a and accessory pigments and can live at great depths;most multicellular and play role in coral reef

• Brown algae________________________-have chlorophyll a and c and an accessory pigment:largest and most complex of algae-kelp can grow 60 m in length

RhodophytaPhaeophyta

• Green algae-_______________________-have chlorophyll a and b;unicellular,colonial,and multicellualr

Chlorophyta

HUMAN USES OF ALGAE-

• -animal and human food source• -used in medications• -ice cream• -used in making

plastics,waxes,deodorants,paints,transitors ,lubricants,agar,toothpaste

V.Funguslike protists

• Have centrioles and chitin cell walls of regular fungus kingdom

• Heterotrophs as decomposers• SLIME MOLDS-on forest floor-spore forming• WATER MOLDS-hyphae and spores-connected

to great “Potato Famine”

Slime molds

Water mold