Ch 2 – European ColoniesCh 2 – European Colonies

Section 3 – Puritan New England

• Plymouth Colony• Massachusetts Bay Colony

Shortly after the settlement at Jamestown,

other individuals in England were feeling the need to make the journey across the Atlantic to the New World…

for far different reasons!!

The PuritansThe PuritansThese people were known as These people were known as PuritansPuritans, ,

because they possessed a desire to because they possessed a desire to “purify” the Church of England and get rid “purify” the Church of England and get rid of all traces of Roman Catholic methods.of all traces of Roman Catholic methods.

However, their ideas were However, their ideas were radicalradical; many ; many thought they “went too far” in their thought they “went too far” in their ideas…ideas…

So they were ridiculed, hated on, and got So they were ridiculed, hated on, and got rotten rotten vegetablesvegetables thrown at them… thrown at them…

Puritans = Separatists = PilgrimsPuritans = Separatists = PilgrimsMany fled to Holland, but were Many fled to Holland, but were persecuted persecuted

there as well….there as well….So the idea to separate themselves entirely So the idea to separate themselves entirely

from European religion and society became from European religion and society became appealing to some Puritan families….appealing to some Puritan families….

These early These early SeparatistsSeparatists would soon be would soon be known as the original known as the original PilgrimsPilgrims. By 1620, . By 1620, they sailed in ships like the they sailed in ships like the MayflowerMayflower to to settle…settle…

Plymouth Colony (at Plymouth Rock)

The Pilgrims at PlymouthThe Pilgrims at PlymouthThese early colonists, in creating the 2These early colonists, in creating the 2ndnd

successful settlement after successful settlement after Jamestown, would become famous Jamestown, would become famous for 2 major things:for 2 major things:

1)1) ThanksgivingThanksgiving

2)2) The Mayflower CompactThe Mayflower Compact

The Pilgrims were cluelessabout how to find food, fishlocal rivers, & plant crops…

in such a new, foreign, cold, and unexplored land like Massachusetts.

Many faced starvation and disease, until local Native Americans bailed them out.

The Mayf lower CompactThe Mayf lower CompactThe Pilgrims developed the first local democratic government in the New World.

It was based on “just and equal laws…for the good of the colony…”

Though simplisticand very basic,

It would eventuallyhave an impact onthe Founding Fathersof the United States,

when deciding upona U.S. governmentover 150 years later.

Knowledge Checkpoint Knowledge Checkpoint 11

1. Why did the Puritans leave England and Europe entirely?

2. Why did they gain the name “Pilgrims”?

3. After settling at Plymouth, what 2 things are they most known for?

Another Puritan Another Puritan ExodusExodus

After the first group of Puritans settled After the first group of Puritans settled at Plymouth, other groups of Puritans at Plymouth, other groups of Puritans decided to follow their example…decided to follow their example…

John WinthropJohn Winthrop, a Puritan leader, , a Puritan leader, petitioned the King for a royal charter, petitioned the King for a royal charter, permitting him to create a permitting him to create a joint-stock joint-stock companycompany..

This would be called the This would be called the Massachusetts Massachusetts Bay CompanyBay Company..

What is a Joint-Stock Company?What is a Joint-Stock Company?During this time period, rich people in Europe During this time period, rich people in Europe

(in this case England), decided to put their (in this case England), decided to put their money into an money into an investmentinvestment (in this case a (in this case a colony) with the hopes of making more colony) with the hopes of making more profitprofit..

Since colonies require a lot of people, Since colonies require a lot of people, supplies, and money, these companies supplies, and money, these companies were the reason Jamestown and were the reason Jamestown and Massachusetts Bay colonies could be Massachusetts Bay colonies could be created.created.

It required the King’s permission to create It required the King’s permission to create thethe

Virginia CompanyVirginia Company and and Massachusetts Bay CoMassachusetts Bay Co..

Massachusetts Bay ColonyMassachusetts Bay ColonyBy 1630, By 1630, John WinthropJohn Winthrop and 17 ships full of and 17 ships full of

Puritan families settled around what is Puritan families settled around what is today today BostonBoston. It would become the capital . It would become the capital city. city.

A “City Upon a Hill”A “City Upon a Hill”John Winthrop wanted this colony to be like a “city upon a hill”. What he meant was:

Colony’s 1st governor

Our colony will be a model place in the New World:

•The Church IS the government!

•No persecution! (as long as you’re a Puritan)

•Some of us are “chosen” by God to carry out his will; we are known as the “elect”.

•We must be known for our hard work, always being humble, and living strict God-fearing lives!

•That means NO:Partying, drinking booze, playing cards, singing, dancing, kissing/hugging in public, sports, being lazy, cursing, stealing, selling things for profit…

3 results of a strict society3 results of a strict societyWinthrop’s ideas for a close-knit Winthrop’s ideas for a close-knit

religious colony had 3 major impacts:religious colony had 3 major impacts:

1.1. A hypocritical intoleranceA hypocritical intolerance

2.2. DissensionDissension

3.3. Conflict with Native AmericansConflict with Native Americans

Many were jailed or even killed (for example, the Salem Witch Trials of 1692) for behaving differently than the established Puritan majority of the villages.

1.1. A hypocritical intolerance:A hypocritical intolerance:

Many view the Puritans as Many view the Puritans as hypocriteshypocrites, , because they ran away from because they ran away from persecution and intolerance in persecution and intolerance in Europe,Europe,

but ended up persecuting and being but ended up persecuting and being intolerant towards those different intolerant towards those different than them in the colony they created.than them in the colony they created.

3 results of a strict society3 results of a strict society

2.2. DissensionDissension

Several Puritans Several Puritans dissenteddissented, meaning , meaning they spoke out against or rebelled they spoke out against or rebelled against the strict policies of the against the strict policies of the colony.colony.

3 results of a strict society3 results of a strict society

The most well-known were:

Roger Williams

Anne Hutchinson

Famous DissentersFamous Dissenters

Bunch of morons, I’m getting out of here!

Roger Williams•Fled Massachusetts Bay Colony•Settled Rhode Island Colony•Built Providence as capital city•Separated Church and State•Freedom of religion

Anne Hutchinson•Believed people could interpret the Bible on their own, withoutChurch and village ministers•Kicked out of Mass. Bay Colony•Settled in Dutch New Netherland (today’s New York)

Look, I’m pregnant with my 15th kid, and all I’m gettin’ from you haters is bad vibes.I be da original girl power!!!

3 results of a strict society3 results of a strict society3.3. Conflict with Native AmericansConflict with Native Americans

Those local Native Americans who refused Those local Native Americans who refused to convert to Christianity or sell their land to convert to Christianity or sell their land to Puritans of the colony were met with to Puritans of the colony were met with hostility and violence.hostility and violence.

The Pequot WarThe Pequot War and and King Philip’s WarKing Philip’s WarBetween 1637 and 1675, these 2 wars saw Between 1637 and 1675, these 2 wars saw savage attacks on Puritan settlements, and savage attacks on Puritan settlements, and the destruction / burning of native villages.the destruction / burning of native villages.

In the end, natives were either killed off or forced In the end, natives were either killed off or forced West. The severed head of West. The severed head of MetacomMetacom, Wampanoag , Wampanoag chief, was displayed in Plymouth as a trophy for 20 chief, was displayed in Plymouth as a trophy for 20 years.years.Happy Thanksgiving right?Happy Thanksgiving right?

Knowledge Checkpoint Knowledge Checkpoint 22

1. How did the settlement of Massachusetts 1. How did the settlement of Massachusetts Bay Colony differ from Plymouth Colony?Bay Colony differ from Plymouth Colony?

2. What was John Winthrop’s goal and why?2. What was John Winthrop’s goal and why?

3. Why did some individuals dissent from the 3. Why did some individuals dissent from the colony?colony?