Ch. 17The Renaissance and Reformation

Renaissance

The European revival of art and learning that introduced new ideas

and values.

Jesuits

The Catholic religious order created in 1540; it founded

schools and sent out teachers and missionaries.

Utopia

• An ideal place; it is depicted in Thomas More’s book of the same name.

Reformation

• A religious reform movement begun by

Martin Luther when he wrote the 95 Theses

against selling pardons.

Protestant

A member of a non-Catholic Christian church; a German

prince who sided with Martin Luther against the

pope.

Peace of Augsburg

• The Religious treaty in which German princes agreed that each ruler

would decide his state’s religion.

Catholic Reformation

• A movement to reform the Catholic Church from

within.

Council of Trent

• A meeting of Catholic leaders that banned the

selling of indulgences and helped unify the Church.

Humanism

• An intellectual movement in which people studied

classical texts and focused on human achievement.

Secular

• The concern with worldly, rather than spiritual, matters; it became the tone of Renaissance society.

Patron

• A church leader; merchant, or wealthy family that

provided financial support to artists.

Perspective

A painting technique used by Renaissance painters

that shows three dimensions on a flat

surface.

Shakespeare

• The most famous playwright and poet of the Elizabethan Age; he wrote tragedies and comedies in

English.

Gutenberg

• He developed a printing press around 1440; the Bible was the first full-

sized book he printed on it.

Indulgence

A church pardon that released a sinner from performing the penalty

imposed for sins.

Lutheran

A member of the religious group that grew from Martin Luther’s attempts to reform

the Catholic Church.

Annul

To set aside, or void, a marriage; in the Catholic Church, the pope could

take such action.

Anglican

The Church of England set up by Parliament as England’s

only legal church, at the wish of Elizabeth I.

Predestination

The Calvinist doctrine that God has known since the beginning

of time who will receive salvation.

Anabaptists

A religious group that baptized only those old enough to decide to be

Christians