Ch. 17 Section 4Ch. 17 Section 4

““The War to end all Wars”The War to end all Wars”

VocabularyVocabulary

►Communism – an economic system in Communism – an economic system in which the government owns all property which the government owns all property and businessesand businesses

►Armistice – an agreement to stop Armistice – an agreement to stop fightingfighting

►The Big Four – France, Great Britain, Italy The Big Four – France, Great Britain, Italy and the United States after WWIand the United States after WWI

1) A revolution in _____________ put 1) A revolution in _____________ put __________ and _____________ __________ and _____________ in in dangerdanger

2) ___________ fought Germany on the 2) ___________ fought Germany on the ________________ Front________________ Front

3) The __________ (tsar) led Russia but 3) The __________ (tsar) led Russia but lost power, so the people lost power, so the people

revoltedrevolted

RUSSIA

FRANCE BRITAIN (ENGLAND)

RUSSIA

EASTERN

CZAR

4) In ____________, the __________________ 4) In ____________, the __________________ took over after the revolution began.took over after the revolution began.

Czar _____________ and his family Czar _____________ and his family were were murdered.murdered.

Shortly thereafter, the communists Shortly thereafter, the communists and the and the ________________ signed a peace ________________ signed a peace treatytreaty

___________________ agreed to drop ___________________ agreed to drop out out of the war.of the war.

5)5) German ________________ made traveling German ________________ made traveling across the ____________ very across the ____________ very

dangerous.dangerous.

NOV. 1917 COMMUNISTS

NICHOLAS II

GERMANS

RUSSIA

SUBMARINES (U-BOATS)

ATLANTIC

NICHOLAS II AND FAMILYNICHOLAS II AND FAMILY

Bones of executed Russians WERE last Tsar's youngest Bones of executed Russians WERE last Tsar's youngest children children Last updated at 18:40pm on 28th September 2007Last updated at 18:40pm on 28th September 2007

Russian scientists said that it was "highly likely" that bones Russian scientists said that it was "highly likely" that bones found this summer were those of the two missing found this summer were those of the two missing children of Tsar Nicholas II. Anthropological and dental children of Tsar Nicholas II. Anthropological and dental checks "certainly did not contradict" the theory that checks "certainly did not contradict" the theory that they belonged to Tsarevich Alexei, the heir to the they belonged to Tsarevich Alexei, the heir to the Russian throne, and his sister Maria, said Vladimir Russian throne, and his sister Maria, said Vladimir Gromov, deputy head of forensic medicine in the region Gromov, deputy head of forensic medicine in the region where the remains were found. The firing squad killed where the remains were found. The firing squad killed the Tsar and his wife first, according to Yurovksy. Alexei the Tsar and his wife first, according to Yurovksy. Alexei remained sitting his chair, terrified. The assassins shot remained sitting his chair, terrified. The assassins shot him but failed to kill him. Then they tried bayonets. him but failed to kill him. Then they tried bayonets. "Nothing seemed to work," wrote Yurovksy. This was "Nothing seemed to work," wrote Yurovksy. This was because the tsarevich had gems hidden under his shirt. because the tsarevich had gems hidden under his shirt. When he was finally killed, attempts were made to burn When he was finally killed, attempts were made to burn his body on a bonfire. The remains found in August were his body on a bonfire. The remains found in August were charred. Speaking on NTV, dental specialist Yevgeny charred. Speaking on NTV, dental specialist Yevgeny Tuchik said the fillings in the teeth of the skulls were Tuchik said the fillings in the teeth of the skulls were also silver -- the same as those found in the other royal also silver -- the same as those found in the other royal jaw bones. jaw bones.

6) The US Navy traveled in _____________ 6) The US Navy traveled in _____________ to protect merchant ships with to protect merchant ships with

____________.____________.

7) In June of ________, the first American 7) In June of ________, the first American troops went to fight in __________.troops went to fight in __________.

8) In 1918, the Germans planned to 8) In 1918, the Germans planned to attack attack __________________ and came __________________ and came within within

_____ miles of doing so._____ miles of doing so.

CONVOYS

WARSHIPS

1917

FRANCE

PARIS, FRANCE

50

9) Two important battles for the 9) Two important battles for the Americans:Americans:

________________ in 1917 – the ________________ in 1917 – the U.S. U.S. fought through the fought through the _______________ _______________ with with German German machine guns firing on machine guns firing on them.them.

_____________ Americans were _____________ Americans were killed killed or wounded but the US still or wounded but the US still took the took the forest.forest.

BELLEAU WOOD

FOREST

8,000

____________________________ in 1918 – Site ____________________________ in 1918 – Site of the “________________________”of the “________________________”

Fought against Germany on the Fought against Germany on the ______________ Front______________ Front

9/26/1918 - ______________________ attacked 9/26/1918 - ______________________ attacked and ________________ were killed, but the and ________________ were killed, but the U.S. hung on to take the forest.U.S. hung on to take the forest.

________________________________ helped a ________________________________ helped a “lost” battalion keep a stronghold on the “lost” battalion keep a stronghold on the forest surrounded by thousands of Germansforest surrounded by thousands of Germans

The battle lasted ______ days until the U.S. The battle lasted ______ days until the U.S. pushed through.pushed through.

ARGONNE FOREST

LOST BATTALIONWESTERN

1 MILLION + TROOPS100,000 +

MAJOR CHARLES WHITTLESEY

47

10) By November 1918, the 10) By November 1918, the ___________________ ___________________ began to retreat.began to retreat.

Other ________________________ nations Other ________________________ nations started to drop out of the war. started to drop out of the war.

On November _____, 1918, an On November _____, 1918, an _____________________ was signed – an _____________________ was signed – an agreement to end the war was reached.agreement to end the war was reached.

More than ____________________ troops had More than ____________________ troops had dieddied

More than ____________________ troops were More than ____________________ troops were woundedwounded

GERMANS

CENTRAL POWERS

11ARMISTICE

8.5 MILLION21 MILLION

11) The U.S. provided the ____________________ 11) The U.S. provided the ____________________ needed by the Allies.needed by the Allies.

12) _________ million civilians and soldiers 12) _________ million civilians and soldiers died.died.

Much of northern ___________ was Much of northern ___________ was destroyed as well as much destroyed as well as much

of Europe.of Europe.

________________________ were starving.________________________ were starving.

1918-1919 – a _______________________ killed 1918-1919 – a _______________________ killed more than _______ million people.more than _______ million people.

EXTRA FORCES

13FRANCE

MILLIONS OF GERMANS

FLU EPIDEMIC20

13) Wilson wanted WWI to be the 13) Wilson wanted WWI to be the “_________________________________”“_________________________________”

His plan – ____________________________His plan – ____________________________

His plan included a His plan included a _____________________ _____________________ where where countries could meet to solve countries could meet to solve differences without fighting.differences without fighting.

The “_____________” meet at The “_____________” meet at ______________________, ______________________,

France – France –

The U.S., France, Italy and Great The U.S., France, Italy and Great BritainBritain

WAR TO END ALL WARS

THE FOURTEEN POINTS

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

BIG FOURVERSAILLES

14) The European leaders wanted to 14) The European leaders wanted to __________________ Germany, __________________ Germany, which Wilson did not want to which Wilson did not want to

do.do.

The treaty was signed on The treaty was signed on ________________________.________________________.

Germany was forced to accept the Germany was forced to accept the __________________for the war.__________________for the war.

This was known as the This was known as the “__________________” clause.“__________________” clause.

PUNISH

JUNE 28, 1919

BLAME

WAR-GUILT

Germany had to pay Germany had to pay ____________________ in damages for ____________________ in damages for the war.the war.

The treaty did create the League of The treaty did create the League of Nations but the U.S. __________ did not Nations but the U.S. __________ did not sign the treatysign the treaty

They thought the treaty would drag the They thought the treaty would drag the U.S. into __________________.U.S. into __________________.

BILLIONS OF DOLLARS

SENATE

ANOTHER WAR