ch 11 the triumphs and trevails of the jeffersonian republic
TRANSCRIPT
Ch 11
The Triumphs and Trevails of the Jeffersonian Republic
Election of 1800
• 2 clear parties-Federalists-John Adams and the Democratic-Republicans-T. Jefferson
• Federalists=stability-order-strong central gov’t. vs.DR-agrarian purity,liberty and states’ rights
• Federalist and Republican mudslingers• Feds themselves are split-High federalsists which
is Hamilton’s group-advocates war with France-Adams takes cautious course and clears hurdle of war-but we are left with debt-and Adams’ Jack----
Election of 1800 cont.
• Unpopular taxes-(stamp tax) and heavy debt put Federalists on the defensive
• Resort to avoiding the issues and personally attacking the opponent
• TJ- robbed a widow of her trust fund and fathered numerous mullato children-bibles hidden?
• Read p.213
The Jeffersonian Revolution of 1800
• Results 73 TJ 65 JA
• Adams actually did better than 4 years before except for NY-Why did he lose NY?
• Tie for President-Why? How was it broken?
• Jefferson claimed the Election was a Revolution- was it? If so how was the Election of 1800 Revolutionary?
Responsibility Breeds Moderation
• First President inaugurated in DC• Inaugural speech placates both sides-’minority
possess their equal rights”• Rustic setting of DC fits model of TJ’s
presidency-• TJ learns quickly his philosophy of politics do not
mix well with the realities of politics• Patronage seekers are not rewarded-few die none
resign- remark tells us that formal political parties are still far off in future
Jeffersonian Restraint
• Alien and Sedition Acts expired on their own-violators are pardoned-fines remitted
• Naturalization Law of 1802-14 back to 5• Only Hamilton legacy he does away with was the
Excise tax. NOTHING else.• Tariffs-National Bank-Funding at Par-Assumption
of state debt. NOTHING• In fact-as years go by-DR’s-make a stronger
National Bank and increase!! Tariffs• Jefferson’s restraint solidifies two party system
‘Dead Clutch’ of the Judiciary
• Judiciary Act of 1801-’midnight judges• Neede reform, bad timing-packing the
courts was a reality• DR’s asserted the will of the people had
been usurped-• James Madison-TJ’s new Sec. Of State
intervenes and shelves appointment of the new Justice of Peace for DC
Marbury V Madsion
• Judiciary Act 1801-Midnight judges• Marbury not given appt.-Madison as Sec.
Of State is supposed to deliver• Suit contends that it is Supreme Courts task
to force Madison to deliver-Marshall’s ruling- Marshall by the way is amazing
• Judiciary Act 1789 declared unconstitutional
Impeachment
• Samuel Chase indicted for high crimes and misdemeanors- he was abusive verbally and generally uncouth and against TJ’s policies
• BUT he did not commit a crime. The attempted removal would establish a very bad precedent
A Reluctant Warrior
• “PEACEFUL COERCION” instead of violence-army reduced 2500
• Navy not as feared-they can’t march inland to take away liberty-but spending pared back-presence was thought to provoke-instead smaller intercoastal gun boats made
• These would ply our coastal waters and not provoke other nations
• Pirates test Jefferson’s resolve
Shores of Tripoli
• Pasha of Tripoli- cut down American Consulate flag pole- he was last in line and left with the crumbs.
• Ransoming sailors• 1805-Treaty-60,000$-bargain• Jefferson was pleased with the use of small
gun boats- this is when he commisioned the construction of 200- + -’s
The Louisiana God Send
• 1800-Napoleon signed secret agreement with the King of Spain for the transfer of Louisiana Territory
• Envoys told offer 10 mil for NO
• Events change rapidly-15 mil for all!!!!
• Strict v Loose constructionist
The Louisiana God Send
Louisiana in the Long View
• Lewis and Clark set out-Spring1804-Fall1806
• Political/Geography/Natural sciences/resources
Aaron Burr Conspiracies
• LP was great in long run, in short term-tough to control
• Buur and his duel-NY Gov./secessionist?
• Gen. Wilkinson and the plot to sever west
• Wilkinson rats him out-acquitted by Marshall
America-A Nutcrackered Neutral
• TJ -reelected 162-14• 1804-1805-neutral carrier making big profit• Battles of Trafalgar(sea) and Austerlitz • Results- we are now caught in the middle• 1806-ORDERS IN COUNCIL-if you are
not with us you are against us-impressment• 1807-Chesapeake-provokes us-TJ’s
response-PEACEFUL COERCION
The Hated Embargo
• The warring nations of Europe depended on our natural resources- we will deny them our trade and selfimpose an embargo-
• Results? Mixed-noble yes-ignorant yes-effective NO!!!
• Read the section-
• One benefit-boost to domestic production