cfd analysis of a car

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CFD Analysis of a Car Using Ansys Fluent Module.to find Lift and drag

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Page 1: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 1/13

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CFD ANALYSIS OF A CAR USING ANSYS FLUENT MODULE

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Saturday, 12 September 2015 00:00

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Page 2: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 2/13

(/media/k2/items/cache/edab5e545cc8cf6a49faaa8a9ea6a3d0_XL.jpg)

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has bring revolutionary changes for last one decade. Asit is playing an important role in different fields like medical, aeronautical, civil to many others.Vehicles  outer  body  shapes  have  always  been  area  of  interest  for  engineers.  Currentlyavailable CFD tools  like Ansys Fluent make it possible to perform 2D as well as 3D analysisin order  to obtain side contours of design parameters  like pressure, velocities and possiblecorrection in vehicle geometries. Ultimate goal of performing CFD analysis of a car to improveits design by reducing air flow resistance and increasing aerodynamic stability.

Problem Description

A car of about 2500 length is moving with speed of 100Km/hr that  is equivalent to 27.5m/s.Ambient temperature is about 298K. Perform CFD analysis in order to evaluate pressure andvelocity contours of air flow around car outer body.

Assume  standards  air  properties  and  2D  geometry  as  well.  Car  geometry  as  well  ascomputational domain has been shown in Figure­1.

Figure­1 

Car 2D Geometry

In  order  to  download  2D  step  file  of  car  geometry  click  here.(https://www.dropbox.com/s/1d36qbc66812gzv/car.STEP?dl=0)

Pre­requisites

Page 3: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 3/13

This  tutorial  has  been written  in  this  context  that  you  basic  level  understandings  of  ansysworkbench geographical user interface.

Learning objectives

1. How to import 2D surface model of car surrounding domain in ansys design modeler.2. How to set inflow boundary conditions and moving walls conditions?3. How to add inflation meshing at car edges?4. How to prepare ansys fluent setup?5. How to generate contours as well as flow path lines?

Start Ansys Workbench

Run  ansys  workbench  from  start  menu  and  drop  down  ansys  fluent  module  in  to  projectschematic window asFigure­2. 

 

Figure­2

Right click Geometry>properties, a schematic window open, select 2D from analysistype asFigure-3.

Page 4: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 4/13

 

Figure­3

Right click Geometry>Import Geometry>Browse and give path where you have downloadedcar STEP file.

Named SelectionRight click Mesh>Editand wait until ansys mechanical completely opens.Enable  edge  selection  button  from  geometry  toolbar  and  select  all  outer  edges  of  cargeometry by holding Ctrl key. NowRight click>Create Named selection and give the nameas "Car­walls" then OK,Figure­4 

Figure­4

Similarly, select bottom and top walls and give the named selection as "wall_outer".

Select front edge and give the Named selection as "inflow" and select the rear edge and givethe named selection as "outlet. All named selection have been shown in figure­5.

Page 5: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 5/13

 

Figure­5

Meshing

Go to Menu bar>Units>Metric(mm, Kg, N, S, mV, mA).From Outline  left  click  on mesh  and  goto  Details  of  mesh  then  select  element  size  asshown in Figure­6.

 

Figure­6

Right click on Mesh>Insert>Inflation and select whole surface and click apply  in geometrycell.  Select  Named  selection  from Boundary  scoping method  and  select  car_walls  thenpress Enter key. Now set transition ratio to 0.5 and number of layers to 4. Update mesh now.Inflation layers has been created, Figure­7.

Page 6: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 6/13

 

Figure­7

Starting ansys fluentGo  to  ansys  workbench  project  schematic  window  and  right  click  Setup>Edit,  a  FluentLauncher window opens and select parallel from Processing options and enter number ofcores  that  your  system  has  in  Process Box  and  click OK  as  in  Figure­8. Wait  until  ansysfluent module completely opens.

 

Figure­8

Step­1:  General settingsFrom solution setup click General>Units and make sure  that pressure units are  in Pascal,temperature units are in Kelvin and velocity units are in mm.

Step­2: Models selectionFrom Modelsdouble  click Energyand  check  energy  equation  as  in  Figure­9.  Double  clickViscous­Laminar and select k­epsilon(2eqn) model.

Page 7: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

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Figure­9

From materials select air>Create/Edit button,  then a material window opens. Select  idealgas from density box then click Change/Create>Close,Figure­10.

Figure­10

Step­4: Boundary conditionsFrom boundary condition zone, select inflow and select velocity­inlet from type box. A newwindow opens, enter  the velocity value  to 17.7m/s and OK, Figure­11. Click on Outlet andmake sure Pressure­outlet is selected from Type box.

Page 8: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 8/13

 

Figure­11

Select wall­outer and select wall  from Type box and click Edit  then select moving wall asshown in figure­12.

 

Figure­12

Step­5 Solution 

1. From solution methods, select the Coupled scheme and second order Discretizationtechniques.

2. From Solution Control, enter the Courant Number value to 1 and all under relaxationfactors to 0.7.

3. From Monitors, double click on Residuals and enter absolute convergence criteria values

Page 9: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

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to 0.001 for all parameters.4. From initialization select Standard Initialization from initialization methods andpress Initialize button.

5. From Run Calculation, enter the number of iteration to 5000 and click Calculate button.Ansys fluent starts calculation now. Wait until solution converge for this current cfdanalysis of car. Scaled residual graphs on solution convergence has been shownin figure­13.

 

Figure­13

Results: Contours and Plots

In  order  to  see  air  flow  pressure  distribution  around  airfoil  go  to  Results  andanimation>Contours>Setup>Filled  and  select  Pressure  then  Static  pressurefrom Contours of box and click Display,Figure­14.

 

Page 10: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

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Figure­14

Similarly you can see velocity contours,Figure­15.

 

Figure­15

We can draw pathlines in ansys fluent. From results and animations>Pathlines and selectMesh from color by, enter step size 0.08m, number of steps 252 and path skip 25. Thenselect Interior­car from surfaces selection and click Display, Figure­16.

 

Figure­16

Flow pathlines will be appear around car body in this cfd tutorial, Figure­17.

Page 11: CFD Analysis of a Car

9/14/2015 CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

http://www.urnodes.com/cfd­tutorials/item/356­cfd­analysis­of­a­car­using­ansys­fluent­module# 11/13

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Figure­17

Conclusion

In this tutorial we learnt how to carry out cfd analysis of a car using ansys fluent module. Wealso learnt to draw flow pathlines and also created mesh inflation using ansys mechanical.

Last modified on Sunday, 13 September 2015 05:11

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