Monitoring and analysing the health of the communication, navigation and surveillance infrastructure

Centralised Service 7-1 The Communication Navigation & Surveillance performance monitoring Service

EUROCONTROL

NM

CS7.1 Service Provider

Correlation Issue ManagementTool

SENSORS ANSP ANSPANSP

Anomaly ReportsAircraft DatabasePRISME

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A COST-EFFICIENT SOLUTION

Centralised Services

A centralised service (CS) is a support service for an air navigation service (ANS) or ATM function exercised at pan-European and central network level for harmonisation and cost-efficiency purpose, avoiding multiplication of investment and duplication of systems. It leads to reduced infrastructure costs, thereby helping EU, ANSPs and Member States to come closer towards achieving EU cost-efficiency performance targets. A CS will also support the other key performance targets, such as capacity, safety and the environment. The beneficiaries of a CS are therefore the Member States, the airspace users, ANSPs, airport operators and the military.

The CNS Performance monitoring services

CS7-1 ensures the performance monitoring of RVSM, surveillance avionics, air/ground Data Link and ACAS. The service collects all necessary elements to analyse, inform, and address the problems that have arisen.

Institutional background of CS7-1

CS7-1 is an instrument for Stakeholders to assess compliances and take corrective actions with regard to current and future ICAO and EU regulations obligations, in particular:

n In the area of Data Link, Regulation (EC) 29/2009 (as amended by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/310), by monitoring the quality of communication services;

n In the area of RVSM operations, by monitoring the height keeping performance of aircraft, for States to authorise aircraft operators to fly RVSM in the airspace concerned as per the requirements in ICAO Annex 6 Part 1 & 2 and in Annex 11;

n In the area of Surveillance, for ANSPs to detect and report problems to Aircraft Operators as requested by Commission Implementing Regulation (EC) 1207/2011 (the SP-IR) laying down requirements for the performance and the interoperability of surveillance for the single European sky, and for Aircraft Operators to satisfy the check to be performed at least every two years;

n In area of ACAS, the technical subpart of the monitoring of ACAS as recommended in ICAO Doc 9863.

CS7-1 a major Technical Improvement to existing services

EUROCONTROL currently provides some performance monitoring of RVSM, surveillance avionics, air/ground Data Link and TCAS.

However they are limited in coverage and in functionalities; the correlation between issues detected in different locations is limited and time/effort/cost consuming; the coordination to resolve issues is not optimum.

CS7-1 improves and integrates these different services, extending the quality and completeness of the monitoring and the assessment of encountered issues with cost-efficient approaches using common data-base and analysis algorithms. (Cyber) Security components are also introduced by CS7-1 to protect commercial-in-confidence information.

Benefits of CS7-1

The improvements expected from CS7-1 encompasses the following benefits:

n Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) have access to easy means to measure the performance of the CNS systems;

n Anomalies are investigated once rather than multiple times by different ANSPs;

n Confirmation of the causes of anomalies, by comparing the performance of the same aircraft at different locations, are easier and quicker;

n Necessary corrections are defined in a swifter manner;

n Means are provided to comply with monitoring requirements specified in different Implementing Rules;

n A Cost effective solution is available.

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INTRODUCTION

SCOPE OF CS7-1

CS7-1, the Centralised Service on Communication Navi-gation & Surveillance performance monitoring (NIPS/CNS-PERF), supports EUROCONTROL as the Network Manager and European ATM Stakeholders in complying with the Regulation requirements.

There is a recognised need to monitor the performances and to investigate common problems of the distributed CNS infrastructure in a coordinated way.

To satisfy this need, the CS7-1 includes:

n The functional and performance analysis of surveillance avionics;

n The performance monitoring of Data Link communication;

n The technical performance analysis of the TCAS function;

n The RVSM Regional Monitoring Agency Altimetry System Error;

As these performance monitoring and analysis activities are performed together under a centralised management, using a Common Aircraft data-base and analysis algorithms, rather than in isolation, this enables greater correlation between issues detected in different locations, and better coordination to resolve these issues – thus leading to a greater efficiency.

CS7-1 is an instrument for Stakeholders to assess compli-ances and take corrective actions with regard to current and future ICAO and EU regulations obligations, in particular:

n In the area of Data Link, Regulation (EC) 29/2009 (as amended by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/310); CS7-1 will also be instrumental in supporting the Data Link monitoring function of the Network Manager as requested by the EC (letter MOVE.DDG.2.E.3/GO-hb-Ares (2017) 103584 dated 10 January 2017);

n In the area of RVSM operations, for States to authorize aircraft operators to fly RVSM in the airspace concerned as per requirements in ICAO Annex 6 Part 1 & 2 and as per Annex 11 of ICAO which requests that a programme shall be instituted, for Monitoring the height keeping performance of aircraft; the CS7-1 RMA-ASE service is consistent with EASA ED Decision 2012/019/R Sub part D (AMC1 SPA.RVSM.105 RVSM operational approval) which requests the operator to establish a plan for participation in any applicable verification monitoring programme acceptable to the competent authority. This plan should include, as a minimum, a check on a sample of the operator’s fleet by a regional monitoring agency (RMA)’s independent height-mon toring system;

n In the area of Surveillance for ANSPs to report detected problems to Aircraft Operators as requested by Commission Implementing Regulation (EC) 1207/2011 (the SP-IR) laying down requirements for the performance and the interoperability of surveillance for the single European sky, and for Aircraft Operators to satisfy the check to be performed at least every two years;

n In area of ACAS, for monitoring ACAS as recommended in ICAO Doc 9863.

CS7-1 is also an instrument for NM to monitor the good operation of the CNS infrastructure as it is expected to be clearly specified in the updated NF IR.

The monitoring of surveillance avionics and Data Link communications are required to ensure a correct perfor-mance of the Network. The monitoring of the TCAS and of the RVSM Altimetry System Error are required to ensure safe operations.

CS7-1 OPERATIONS

The Operational Concept of the CS7-1, the Centralised Service on Communication Navigation & Surveillance performance monitoring (NIPS/CNS-PERF), in version 2.1 dated 26 August 2015, is available here

In order to perform its tasks, CS7-1:

n Collects data from operational Data Link systems, surveillance/ACAS systems;

n Analyses the data to establish the performance of the operational functions globally and per aircraft;

n Logs all issues into a data-base to facilitate the follow-up of their resolution and facilitate the sharing of information to avoid multiple investigations of the same problem;

n Identifies aircraft and airborne equipment involved;

n Investigates problem to determine whether the lack of performance is coming from the airborne or the ground system.

The CS7-1 provides aircraft/flight capability and anomalies which are feeding the EUROCONTROL PRISME data-base. It reports the anomalies through periodic reports showing the evolution of issues in time and also through issues entered in the Issue Management Tool (IMT).

The Network Manager uses this information to investigate the impact on the network efficiency and the need for actions to resolve the issues. ANSPs also have access to the Issue Management tool to report issues or to get information on the resolution of existing issues.

In the framework of Data Link performance Monitoring activities, CS7-1 measures the performance of the Data Link system on the basis of performance indicators agreed with the stakeholders. Amongst others ANSPs input their data into the system and have access to the analysis of their own specific information processed by CS7-1. NM has access to global performance indicators to compute network statistics.

CS7-1 detects Data Link performance anomalies and determines their origins. It provides NM with the capability to further investigate specific Data Link performance or functional issues.

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CS7-1 manages a Data Link trouble ticket data-base using the common Issue management Tool (IMT) in which the different problems raised are followed and escalated when required.

In the framework of Surveillance, CS7-1 detects the surveillance interoperability issues impacting the performance of air-air and air-ground surveillance (e.g. bad detection, ghost track, bad aircraft Identification, bad 24 bit aircraft address, no SI capability, bad EHS register contents, bad ADS-B integrity, …).

CS7-1 determines whether the interoperability issues are coming from airborne installations, ground installations or propagation effects. The service focusses on airborne surveillance sub systems anomalies and capabilities.

To sample flights, Surveillance data from different sensors located at different locations in Europe are used. These data can come from operational systems (ANSPs) or from specific sensors.

Specific tools are used to automatically process the data in order to detect interoperability issues and determine aircraft capability.

The output of these tools are filtered out to identify false alarms and to understand the causes of the problems.

In the framework of ACAS, CS7-1 detects the technical capability and problems of the ACAS function implemented on board of the aircraft.

The capability is obtained through the information reported in the surveillance messages (Mode S or ADS-B). This allows determining whether the aircraft is TCAS equipped, which version is installed and how long it remains with a non-operational TCAS.

The knowledge of the surveillance position are compared with the Resolution Advisory (RA) reports sent within the surveillance messages to determine whether it is a spurious RA or whether a RA is missing.

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Specific tools are used to automatically process the data in order to detect interoperability issues and determine aircraft capability.

CS7-1 verifies the output of these tools to filter out false alarms and provides periodic reports on TCAS capability and technical anomalies encountered in EUROCONTROL Member States.

In the framework of RVSM, CS7-1 provides Altimetry System Error (ASE) measurement on aircraft flying RVSM. The ASE measurements are used by the Regional Monitoring Agency (RMA) run by NM on behalf of ICAO European Regional Office.

Containing Altimetry System Error (ASE) within acceptable limits is critical to maintaining safe vertical separation, particularly as it is not a visible characteristic to the pilot, the ATCO or TCAS.

ASE is measured by comparing the barometric altitude provided by the aircraft to an estimation of the real altitude at which the aircraft is flying. The real altitude is currently derived from Multilateration systems (3 Height monitoring units in continental Europe). CS7-1 will use ADS-B information (Geometric height) to estimate the real altitude. As a result, Altimetry System Error (ASE) measurements will be available on a larger number of aircraft than what is currently provided by the HMUs used by the European RVSM Monitoring Agency run by NM.

››EUROCONTROL will organise a central Help Desk to support all centralised services and help stakeholders.

Help Desk

List ofaircraft

Anomalyreport

Performancereport

A/C operators

States/NSA/EASA

Manufacturers

ANSPs

Military

NIPS/CNS-PERFService

Provider

NM

Report &

guidelines

Operational data +anomaly reports

airborneequipmenttype & version

Maintenance

request

Maintenancerequest

Report &

guidelines

Investigation

request

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ROLES ANDRESPONSIBILITIES

n The CS7-1 Contractor:

o Develops and maintains the CS7-1 tools; o Operates and manages the set of tools used to measure

CNS performance and detect anomalies;

o Analyses anomalies at a first level and reports the results to NM.

n The Network Manager:

o Is the CS7-1 Service Provider; o Manages the CS7-1 contract; o Based on monitoring reports provided by the CS7-1

Contractor, performs in depth analysis and problem route causes identification;

o Publishes performance analysis, reports the findings; o As appropriate, initiates actions with infrastructure

owners, aircraft operators, service providers, manufacturers and regulatory bodies (e.g. EASA) to correct anomalies and update standards as necessary.

n ANSPs:

o Benefit from the provision of the service that will improve the safety and performance of the CNS infrastructure;

o Receive assessments and recommendations from NM;

o Provide data necessary for CS7-1 and install the necessary equipment (e.g. ADS-B receivers).

n Airspace Users:

o Do not need adaptations in their current operations or systems for the implementation of the CS7-1 service;

o Use the results of the CS7-1 analysis to ensure good operation and maintenance of their avionics systems, and compliance with regulations.

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LINKING CS7-1 TO OTHER CSsCS7-1 will benefit from CS6-7, as this service will cover the security aspects of the Centralised Services.

CS7-1 TIMELINE

EUROCONTROL was entrusted by its Member States with developing a

demonstrator for CS7-1 in 2014

The Call for Tenders was launched in

June 2015 to those organisations

accepted as a result of the CFI

EUROCONTROL expects to draw up a contract

with the selected consortium to develop

the demonstrator in Q1 2018

Demonstrator available

Q4 of 2019

Operations to start following

EUROCONTROL Member States’ approval on the basis of

a successful demonstration

of CS7-1

Following a Call for

Interest (CFI) in March

2014

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COST-BENEFIT

GOVERNANCE

A CBA confirmed that CS7-1 will deliver to the European Network overall net savings during the period 2018 - 2035 of 48 M€ (undiscounted) or 37 M€ (discounted at 4%) when compared with a regional fragmented scenario, and of 112 M€ (undiscounted) or 85 M€ (discounted at 4%) when compared with a national fragmented scenario.

The purpose of the CS7-1 governance is to ensure participation of the CS7-1 users in the CS7-1 related decisions in full transparency. User steering groups will be involved in order to ensure that the voices of the CS7-1 customers are heard.

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GLOSSARY

ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System

ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Broadcast

ANS Air Navigation Service

ANSP Air Navigation Service Provider

ASE Altimetry System Error

ATCO Air Traffic Control Officer, Air Traffic Controller

ATM Air Traffic Management

CAS-TEC Collision Avoidance System - Technical

CBA Cost Benefit Analysis

CFI Call For Information

CNS Communication, Navigation, Surveillance

CS Centralised Service(s)

DLS-CRO Data Link Service - Central Reporting Office

EASA European Aviation Safety Agency

EASA ED European Aviation Safety Agency - EASA Decision

EC European Commission

EHS Enhanced Mode S surveillance

EU European Union

EUR Europe (ICAO region)

ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization

IMT Issue Management Tool

NAT North Atlantic (ICAO region)

NF-IR Network Function - Implementing Rule

NIPS Network Infrastructure Performance Monitoring Service

NM Network Manager

PERF PERFormance

PRISME EUROCONTROL Fleet and flight data-base

Q Quarter

RA Resolution Advisory

RF Radio Frequency

RMA Regional Monitoring Agency

RVSM Reduced vertical separation minimum

SI Surveillance Interrogator code

SES Single European Sky

SESAR Single European Sky ATM Research

SP-IR Surveillance Performance - Implementing Rule

SUR-AV SURveillance-AVvionics

TCAS Traffic alert and collision avoidance system

© EUROCONTROL November 2017

EUROCONTROL is a pan-European, civil-military, intergovernmental organisation for the airspace of its Member States – Albania, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

EUROCONTROL

For more information on CS7-1, please contact:CS7-1@eurocontrol.int