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Census of Transportation,Communications, and UtilitiesTC92-CF-2

1993 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

Alaska

U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics AdministrationBUREAU OF THE CENSUS

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This report was prepared in the Services Division under the direction of James M. Aanestad,Assistant Chief for Current Services and Transportation Programs, assisted by Robert E.Crowther and Michael Hartz. Planning, implementation, and compiling of this report were underthe supervision of John L. Fowler, Chief, Commodity Flow Survey Branch, assisted by WandaDougherty, Marilyn Quiles-Amaya, Debra Corbett, Bruce Dembroski, Maria Dixon, ShirleyGray, Imelda Hall, Chris Harrod, Michael Jones, Bonnie Opalko, Joyce Price, Robin Roberts,Barbara Selinske, Eli Serrano, and Joyce Ware.

The processing system and computer programs were developed under the general direction ofDon Dalzell, former Assistant Chief for Processing Systems, and Billy E. Stark, Assistant Chief,Tabulation and Publication Systems, and current Assistant Chief, Processing Systems in theDecennial Management Division. Implementation of these programs was under the direction ofJonathan G. Ankers, Chief, Processing Support and Analyst Systems Branch, assisted byPeter J. Long, Sandra Brunner, Charles Eargle, Karen Mitchell, Willie Robertson, JudyDawson, Nancy Rogers, and Donna Williams. Implementation of the tabulation and publicationprogramming was under the direction of Robert Hemmig, Chief, Publication Systems Branch,Peggy Payne, Chief, Publications Support Branch, assisted by Sharon Fortuna, and Vicki Kee,Chief, Tally Preparation Systems and Special Computer Projects Branch, assisted by DianneSimmons and Nancy Osbourn.

Sample design and statistical methodology were developed under the general direction ofBrian V. Greenberg and Ruth Ann Killion, former Assistant Chiefs, and Howard Hogan, currentAssistant Chief, Research and Methodology. Sample design including estimation and variancemethodology was under the supervision of Ruth E. Detlefsen, former Chief, and PatrickCantwell, current Chief, Program Research and Development Branch, assisted by Bob Smith,Jock Black, B. Timothy Evans, Timothy Braam, W illiam Knowlton, Colleen Sullivan, CristinaIbanez, and Kimberly Dane. Frame construction, sample control, imputation, and quality controlprocedures were developed under the supervision of Carl A. Konschnik, Chief, StatisticalMethods Branch, assisted by Carol King and James Burton.

Coordination of data collection efforts was under the direction of the late John E. Halterman,former Chief, and Judith N. Petty, current Chief, Data Preparation Division, assisted by MatthewAulbach, Kenneth Miller, Teresa Branstetter, and Services Division’s onsite analyst, CarleneBottorff.

The staff of the Administrative and Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief,performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurementfor publication and report forms. Margaret A. Smith provided publication coordination and editing.

We also acknowledge the support and assistance of the following Department of Transportation(DOT) representatives in planning and designing the survey: Rolf Schmitt, George Wiggers,Jane Bachner, Joel Palley, Mike Rossetti, and Alan Pisarski (transportation consultant to DOT).The Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Center for Transportation Analysis, under the direction ofMichael Bronzini in support of a contract with DOT, provided all mileage data for this report, usingits transportation network modeling system.

Special acknowledgment is also due to the many businesses whose cooperation has contrib-uted to the publication of these data.

Inquiries concerning this report should be addressed to the Commodity Flow SurveyBranch, Services Division, Washington, DC 20233, telephone 301-457-2788 or 301-457-2114.

Acknowledgments

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1992 CENSUS OF TRANSPORTATION,COMMUNICATIONS, AND UTILITIES

Publications of the 1992 Census of Transportation, Commu-nications, and Utilities containing data on: transportation, com-munications, and utilities establishments; characteristics of trucks;and characteristics of commodity shipments are described below.The first results were issued in press releases. Final detailedstatistics are issued in separate paperbound reports and compactdisc-read only memory (CD-ROM).

Copies of the reports are available from the Superintendent ofDocuments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Post Office Box371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. Order forms for the specificreports or CD-ROM’s may be obtained from any Department ofCommerce district office, any Bureau of the Census State datacenter or business/ industry data center, or from Data UserServices Division, Customer Services, Bureau of the Census,Washington, DC 20233-8300 or call 301-457-4100.

Final Reports

Truck Inventory and Use Survey—52 reports(TC92-T-1 to -52)

This series includes a United States Summary and a separatereport for each State and the District of Columbia. Data cover thephysical and operational characteristics of the Nation’s privateand commercial truck resources, such as the number of vehicles,major use, annual miles, model year, body type, vehicle size, fueltype, operator classification, engine size, range of operation,weeks operated, products carried, and hazardous materialscarried. The reports show comparative statistics reflecting per-cent changes in number of vehicles between 1987 and 1992 forall characteristics.

1993 Commodity Flow Survey—141 reports(TC92-CF-1 to -52(P) and TC92-CF-N1 to -89)

This series includes a preliminary United States Summary, aset of National Transportation Analysis Region (NTAR) reports, aset of State reports (including the District of Columbia), and afinal, more detailed United States Summary. Data cover thecharacteristics of commodity shipments initiated by establish-ments engaged in manufacturing, mining, wholesale, and selectedretail, service, and auxiliary activities. The data include tons,ton-miles, average miles and value of shipments, by commodityand transportation mode. The NTAR and State reports includedata on NTAR-to-NTAR and State-to-State commodity ship-ments, respectively. The final United States Summary includesmore detailed commodity descriptions, data on containerized andhazardous materials shipments, and supplemental data on avail-ability and use of transportation equipment and facilities.

Geographic area series—1 report(UC92-A-1)

The geographic area Summary report presents data for theUnited States and States for establishments with payroll fordetailed kind-of-business classifications. Statistics on number ofestablishments and revenue are also shown for States andselected metropolitan areas (MA’s) by kind of business.

For each State, the District of Columbia, and the UnitedStates, 1992 data are provided on revenue and employees perestablishment and on revenue and payroll per employee. Com-parative statistics showing percent changes in revenue andpayroll between 1987 and 1992 also are shown for somekind-of-business classifications.

Nonemployer statistics series—1 report(UC92-N-1)

The Nonemployer Statistics report includes data by kind ofbusiness for all establishments, establishments with payroll, andestablishments without payroll for the United States and States.

Subject series—2 reports(UC92-S-1 to -2)

The Establishment and Firm Size report (UC92-S-1) presentsdata for establishments with payroll, based on size of establish-ment, size of company or firm, and legal form of organization.Establishment statistics are presented by revenue size and byemployment size; statistics for firms, by revenue size (includingconcentration by largest firms), by employment size, and bynumber of establishments operated (single units and multiunits).These data are presented for the United States.

The Miscellaneous Subjects report (UC92-S-2) presents datafor the United States as a whole and, where feasible, for Statesand MA’s for establishments with payroll. Data are provided forsome kinds of business on major sources of revenue; purchasedtransportation; cost of purchased travel; revenue by class ofcustomer; and other miscellaneous subjects.

Electronic Media

All data included in future printed reports will be available onCD-ROM. For the Commodity Flow Survey data, the CD-ROMmay provide greater detail than the printed reports with respect toshipment distance, weight ranges, and origin to destination datafor the geographic reports. Electronic media products are avail-able for users who wish to summarize, rearrange, or processlarge amounts of data. In addition to CD-ROM’s containing datafrom printed reports, there is a separate CD-ROM for the TruckInventory and Use Survey which contains microdata informationfor each truck in the sample. The term microdata refers to theunaggregated records for the individual responses. The recordsare modified to avoid the possibility of identifying individualhouseholds or establishments. These products, with correspond-ing technical documentation, are sold by Data User ServicesDivision, Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington,DC 20233-8300.

OTHER ECONOMIC CENSUS REPORTS

Data on retail trade, wholesale trade, service industries,financial, insurance, real estate, construction industries, manu-factures, mineral industries, enterprise statistics, minority-ownedbusiness enterprises, and women-owned businesses also areavailable from the 1992 Economic Census. A separate series ofreports covers the census of outlying areas—Puerto Rico, VirginIslands of the United States, Guam, and the Northern Marianas.Separate announcements describing these reports are availablefree of charge from Data User Services Division, CustomerServices, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233-8300.

Publication Program

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Census of Transportation,Communications, and Utilities

TC92-CF-2


Alaska

Issued April 1996

U.S. Department of CommerceMary L. Good, Acting Secretary

Economics and Statistics AdministrationEverett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

BUREAU OF THE CENSUSMartha Farnsworth Riche, Director

U.S. Department of TransportationFederico Peña , Secretary

Mortimer L. Downey , Deputy Secretary

BUREAU OF TRANSPORTATION STATISTICST. R. Lakshmanan , Director

Rolf R. Schmitt , Associate Director forAnalysis and Data Development

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SERVICES DIVISIONCarole A. Ambler , Chief

BUREAU OF THE CENSUSMartha Farnsworth Riche , DirectorBryant Benton , Deputy Director

Paula J. Schneider , Principal AssociateDirector for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker , AssociateDirector for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg , Assistant Directorfor Economic Programs

ECONOMIC PLANNING AND COORDINATIONDIVISION

John P. Govoni , Chief

Economics and StatisticsAdministration

Everett M. Ehrlich , Under Secretaryfor Economic Affairs

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Introduction tothe Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMICCENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts aboutthe structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. Itprovides essential information for government, business,industry, and the general public.

The economic census furnishes an important part of theframework for such composite measures as the grossdomestic product, input/ output measures, production andprice indexes, and other statistical series that measureshort-term changes in economic conditions.

Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government usethe data, especially in monitoring economic activity andproviding assistance to business.

State and local governments use the data to assessbusiness activities and tax bases within their jurisdictionsand to develop programs to attract business.

Trade associations study trends in their own and com-peting industries and keep their members informed ofmarket changes.

Individual businesses use the data to locate potentialmarkets and to analyze their own production and salesperformance relative to industry or area averages.

AUTHORITY AND SCOPE

Title 13 of the United States Code (sections 131, 191,and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economiccensus every 5 years, covering years ending in 2 and 7.The 1992 Economic Census consists of the following eightcensuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real EstateIndustries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

Special programs also cover enterprise statistics andminority-owned and women-owned businesses. (The 1992Census of Agriculture and 1992 Census of Governmentsare conducted separately.) The next economic census isscheduled to be taken in 1998 covering the year 1997.

AVAILABILITY OF THE DATA

The results of the economic census are available inprinted reports for sale by the U.S. Government PrintingOffice and on compact discs for sale by the CensusBureau (this report excluded). Order forms for all types ofproducts are available on request from Customer Services,Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233-8300. Amore complete description of publications being issuedfrom this census is on the inside back cover of thisdocument.

Census facts are also widely disseminated by tradeassociations, business journals, and newspapers. Vol-umes containing census statistics are available in mostmajor public and college libraries. Finally, State datacenters in every State as well as business and industrydata centers in many States also supply economic censusstatistics.

WHAT’S NEW IN 1992

The 1992 Economic Census covers more of the economythan any previous census. New for 1992 are data oncommunications, utilities, financial, insurance, and realestate, as well as coverage of more transportation indus-tries. The economic, agriculture, and governments cen-suses now collectively cover nearly 98 percent of alleconomic activity.

Among other changes, new 1992 definitions affect theboundaries of about a third of all metropolitan areas. Also,the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses has now beenexpanded to include all corporations.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integratedprogram at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for1963, 1958, and 1954. Prior to that time, the individualsubcomponents of the economic census were taken sepa-rately at varying intervals.

INTRODUCTION IIITRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

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The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing wereincluded with those for population. Coverage of economicactivities was expanded for 1840 and subsequent cen-suses to include mining and some commercial activities. In1902, Congress established a permanent Census Bureauand directed that a census of manufactures be taken every5 years. The 1905 Manufactures Census was the first timea census was taken apart from the regular every-10-yearpopulation census.

The first census of business was taken in 1930, cover-ing 1929. Initially it covered retail and wholesale trade andconstruction industries, but it was broadened in 1933 toinclude some of the service trades.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to befully integrated—providing comparable census data acrosseconomic sectors, using consistent time periods, con-cepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. Itwas the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of firmsprovided by the administrative records of other Federalagencies. Since 1963, administrative records also havebeen used to provide basic statistics for very small firms,reducing or eliminating the need to send them censusquestionnaires. The Enterprise Statistics Program, whichpublishes combined data from the economic census, wasmade possible with the implementation of the integratedcensus program in 1954.

The range of industries covered in the economic cen-suses has continued to expand. The census of construc-tion industries began on a regular basis in 1967, and thescope of service industries was broadened in 1967, 1977,and 1987. The census of transportation began in 1963 asa set of surveys covering travel, transportation of commodi-ties, and trucks, but expanded in 1987 to cover businessestablishments in several transportation industries. For1992, these statistics are incorporated into a broadenedcensus of transportation, communications, and utilities.Also new for 1992 is the census of financial, insurance,and real estate industries. This is part of a gradual expan-sion in coverage of industries previously subjected togovernment regulation.

The Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterpriseswas first conducted as a special project in 1969 and wasincorporated into the economic census in 1972 along withthe Survey of Women-Owned Businesses.

An economic census has also been taken in PuertoRico since 1909, in the Virgin Islands of the United Statesand Guam since 1958, and in the Commonwealth of theNorthern Mariana Islands since 1982.

Statistical reports from the 1987 and earlier censusesprovide historical figures for the study of long-term timeseries and are available in some large libraries. All of thecensus data published since 1967 are still available forsale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENTECONOMIC DATA

While the census provides complete enumerations every5 years, there are many needs for more frequent data aswell. The Census Bureau conducts a number of monthly,quarterly, and annual surveys, with the results appearing inpublication series such as Current Business Reports (retailand wholesale trade and service industries), the AnnualSurvey of Manufactures, Current Industrial Reports, andthe Quarterly Financial Report. Most of these surveys,while providing more frequent observations, yield lesskind-of-business and geographic detail than the census.The County Business Patterns program offers annualstatistics on the number of establishments, employment,and payroll classified by industry within each county.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classifica-tion system, data items, and publications for each of theeconomic censuses and related surveys is published in theGuide to the 1992 Economic Census and Related Statis-tics. More information on the methodology, procedures,and history of the census will be published in the History ofthe 1992 Economic Census. Contact Customer Servicesfor information on availability.

IV INTRODUCTION TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

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1993 Commodity Flow Survey

GENERAL

The 1993 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) provides dataon the movement of goods by mode of transportation.These are the first data of this type published by theCensus Bureau since the 1977 Commodity TransportationSurvey (see appendix A for a comparison to previoussurveys). The data from the CFS are in great demand bytransportation analysts and decision makers as they worktowards improving the transportation infrastructure.

This report presents data at the State level. There arereports for each of the 50 States and the District ofColumbia. The next series of reports to be released will beat the National Transportation Analysis Region (NTAR).There are 89 NTAR’s representing one or more Bureau ofEconomic Analysis economic areas. A final United StatesSummary report, reflecting all revisions based on thegeographic level analyses, will follow these reports.

COVERAGE

This sample survey produced measures of the move-ment of goods by major type of commodity shipped andmode(s) of transportation used.

The 1993 CFS covered establishments in mining, manu-facturing and wholesale trade, and selected retail andservice industries. The survey also covered selected aux-iliary establishments (e.g., warehouses) of in-scope multi-unit and retail companies. The survey coverage excludedestablishments classified as farms, forestry, fisheries, oiland gas extraction, governments, construction, transpor-tation, households, foreign establishments, and most estab-lishments in retail and services.

The industries covered, as defined in the StandardIndustrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC), are listed inthe following table:

SIC code Title

10, ex. 108 Metal mining (excluding metal miningservices)

12, ex. 124 Coal mining (excluding coal miningservices)

14, ex. 148 Mining and quarrying of nonmetallicminerals, except fuels (excludingnonmetallic minerals services)

20 Food and kindred products21 Tobacco products22 Textile mill products23 Apparel and other finished products

made from fabrics and similarmaterials

24 Lumber and wood products, exceptfurniture

25 Furniture and fixtures26 Paper and allied products27, ex. 279 Printing, publishing, and allied industries

(excluding service industries for theprinting trade)

28 Chemicals and allied products29 Petroleum refining and related industries

30 Rubber and miscellaneous plasticsproducts

31 Leather and leather products32 Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products33 Primary metal industries34 Fabricated metal products, except

machinery and transportation equipment35 Industrial and commercial machinery and

computer equipment36 Electronic and other electrical equipment

and components, except computerequipment

37 Transportation equipment38 Measuring, analyzing, and controlling

instruments; photographic, medical andoptical goods; watches and clocks

39 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries

50 Wholesale trade—durable goods51 Wholesale trade—nondurable goods596 Catalog and mail-order houses

782 Motion picture and video tape distribution1Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Super-

intendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

1993 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY VTRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


The source of the frame used for sampling in 1992 wasthe Standard Statistical Establishment List (SSEL) of sepa-rate business locations with paid employees, maintainedby the Census Bureau. Establishments in these tradeareas that had non-zero payroll in at least one quarter of1991 were included in the sampling frame of approximately800,000 establishments.

MILEAGE CALCULATIONS

The Center for Transportation Analysis (CTA) at OakRidge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed an inte-grated transportation network modeling system to com-pute shipment mileages for the 1993 CFS. To enableORNL to compute mileages, the Census Bureau providedfiles containing ZIP Code origin and destination pairs for allreported shipments. To maintain confidentiality of reporteddata, no information other than ZIP Codes was provided. AZIP Code pair was provided only once, regardless of thenumber of shipments that moved between ZIP Codes. Tofurther protect confidentiality, the Census Bureau alsoincluded dummy pairs of ZIP Code origin and destination inthe file sent to ORNL. The ORNL system used thesefive-digit ZIP Codes of the shipment’s origin and destina-tion, as input, and assumed the actual origin and destina-tion points to be geographically located at the ZIP Codecentroids. The system computed mileages, by mode, for allsingle modes and selected mode combinations for thoseZIP Code pairs we sent to ORNL. The mileages betweenthe origin-destination ZIP Code centroids were computedby finding the minimum impedance path over mathematicalrepresentations of the highway, rail, waterway, air, andpipeline networks and summing the lengths of individuallinks on these paths. Impedance is computed as a weightedcombination of distance, time, and cost factors.

The ORNL mileage network is composed of individualmodal-specific networks representing each of the majortransportation modes — highway, rail, waterway, air, andpipeline. The links on these specific modal networks arethe representation of line-haul transportation facilities. Thenodes represent intersections and interchanges, and theaccess points to the transportation network. For eachfive-digit ZIP Code, dummy links are created from the ZIPCode centroid to the nodes on the network to simulatelocal access to the network with the objective being tolocate the nodes on the network that are the closest to thegiven centroid. For the truck network, local access isassumed to exist everywhere; however, for the othermodes this is not true. Before any dummy links are createdfor these modes, a decision is made about whether themode is accessible from the ZIP Code region. For ship-ments involving more than one mode, such as truck-rail orrail-water, links connecting the individual modal networksare created to represent the transfer of freight betweenmodes. A measure of link impedance is calculated for eachlink in each modal network based on various link charac-teristics for the specific mode. For example, the set of linkcharacteristics for the highway network included divided or

undivided roadway, degree of access control, rural orurban setting, type of pavement, number of lanes, degreeof urban congestion, and length of the link. Link impedancemeasures are also assigned to the local access links. Aminimum path algorithm is used to find the minimumimpedance path between the origin ZIP Code centroid andthe destination ZIP Code centroid. The cumulative lengthof the links on this path is the shipment distance.

DISCLOSURE RULES

In accordance with Federal law governing census reports,no data are published that would disclose the operations ofan individual firm or establishment.

ABOUT THE DATA

This section summarizes key points about the data thatwill aid the user in analyzing and interpreting the tablescontained in this report.

Coverage Considerations

The CFS captured data on shipments originating fromselected types of business establishments located in the50 States and the District of Columbia. The data do notcover shipments originating from business establishmentslocated in Puerto Rico and other U.S. possessions andterritories. Shipments traversing the U.S. from a foreignlocation to another foreign location (e.g., from Canada toMexico) are not included, nor are shipments from a foreignlocation to a U.S. location. Imported products were includedin the CFS at the point that they left the importer’sdomestic location for shipment to another location. Ship-ments that were shipped through a foreign territory withboth the origin and destination in the U.S. were included inthe CFS data. The mileages calculated for these ship-ments exclude the international segments (e.g., shipmentsfrom New York to Michigan through Canada do not includeany mileages for Canada). Export shipments were included,with the domestic destination defined as the port of exitfrom the U.S.

The ‘‘Coverage’’ section of this report lists the SICgroups covered by the CFS. Other industry areas that werenot covered, but may have significant shipping activity,include agriculture, government, and retail (other thanwarehouses and SIC 5961, Catalog and Mail-Order Houses).For agriculture specifically, this means that the CFS did notcover shipments of agricultural products from the farm siteto the processing centers or terminal elevators (most likelyshort-distance local movements), but did cover the ship-ments of these products from the initial processing centersor terminal elevators onward.

VI 1993 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Within mining, the CFS did not cover shipments fromestablishments in SIC 13, Oil and Gas Extraction. Themajority of these establishments had undeliverable mailingaddresses, and due to the mailout/ mailback approach forCFS, could not be included. Therefore, the CFS data donot represent complete, or even primary, coverage ofcrude petroleum, or natural gas shipments. The CFSdata most affected by this, other than data for thesespecific commodities, are data for the pipeline and watermodes, given that a significant percentage of the totaltonnage moving by these modes are from crude petroleumand/ or natural gas.

Mileage Data for Pipeline Shipments

In the tables, we do not show ton-miles or average milesper shipment for pipeline shipments. For most of theseshipments, the respondents reported the shipment desti-nation as a pipeline facility on the main pipeline network.Therefore, for the majority of these shipments, the result-ing mileage represented only the access distance throughfeeder pipelines to the main pipeline network, and not theactual distance through the main pipeline network. Pipe-line shipments are included in the totals for ton-milesand average miles per shipment.

Average Miles Per Shipment

For our calculation of average miles per shipment(tables 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6) we excluded shipments of STCC27, Printed Matter.

When transporting newspapers, magazines, catalogs,etc., there is great variation in the meaning of ‘‘shipment’’.A truckload of magazines traveling to a distribution pointmay be viewed as one shipment or, as each magazine willeventually be delivered to individual subscribers, thou-sands of shipments. To avoid overstating the impact ofshort distance shipments of products in STCC 27, weexcluded shipments of STCC 27 from our calculation ofaverage miles.

All other variables in the tables (value, tons, and ton-miles) include shipments of STCC 27.

EXPLANATION OF TERMS

Commodity. Item that an establishment produces, sells,or distributes. This does not include items that are consid-ered as excess or byproducts of the establishment’soperation. Respondents reported the description and thefive-digit STCC code for the major commodity contained inthe shipment, defined as the commodity with the greatestweight in the total shipment.

Distance shipped. In table 3, shipment data are pre-sented for various ‘‘distance shipped’’ intervals. Ship-ments were categorized into these ‘‘distance shipped’’intervals based on the great circle distance between their

origin and destination ZIP Code centroids. All other distance-related data in the tables (i.e., ton-miles and average milesper shipment) are based on the mileage calculationsproduced by Oak Ridge National Laboratories (see the‘‘Mileage Calculations’’ section for more details).

Great circle distance. The shortest distance betweentwo points on the earth’s surface.

Mode of transportation. The type of transportation usedfor moving the shipment to its domestic destination. Forexports, the domestic destination was the port of exit. Onthe questionnaire, we defined the possible modes asfollows:

1. Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier. Deliveryservices that carry letters, parcels, packages, andother small shipments that typically weigh less than100 pounds. Includes bus parcel delivery service.

2. Private truck. Trucks operated by a temporary orpermanent employee of an establishment or the buyer/receiver of the shipment.

3. For-hire truck. Trucks that carry freight for a feecollected from the shipper, recipient of the shipment,or an arranger of the transportation.

4. Railroad. Any common carrier or private railroad.

5. Inland water and/ or Great Lakes. Barges, ships, orferries operating primarily on rivers and canals; onharbors, the Great Lakes, the Saint Lawrence Seaway;the Intracoastal Waterway, the Inside Passage toAlaska, major bays and inlets; or on the ocean close tothe shoreline.

6. Deep sea water. Barges, ships, or ferries operatingprimarily on the open ocean. Shipping on the GreatLakes and the Saint Lawrence Seaway is classifiedwith inland water. [Note: As part of the mileagecalculation operations, deep sea water shipments werereclassified to more accurately reflect a shipment’sroute rather than vessel type. Therefore, in the tables,‘‘deep sea water’’ as a single mode describes ship-ments moving only on the open waters of the oceansor the Gulf of Mexico. Using this definition, deep sea asa single mode (i.e., without an inland water compo-nent) is nearly impossible. Most shipments movingprimarily on the open ocean are tabulated under‘‘inland water and deep sea.’’]

7. Pipeline. Movements of oil, petroleum, gas, slurry,etc., through pipelines that extend to other establish-ments or locations beyond the shipper’s establish-ment. Aqueducts for the movement of water are notincluded.

1993 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY VIITRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


8. Air. Movements using commercial or private aircraft,and all air service for shipments that typically weighmore than 100 pounds. Includes air freight and airexpress.

9. Other mode. Any mode not listed above.

10. Mode unknown. The shipment was not carried by aparcel delivery/ courier/ U.S. Postal Service, and therespondent could not determine what mode of trans-portation was used.

In the tables, the above modes appear, as well as thefollowing additional mode descriptions:

1. Single modes. Shipments using only one of the above-listed modes, except other and unknown.

2. Multiple modes. Shipments for which two or more ofthe following modes of transportation were used:

a. Private truck.

b. For-hire truck.

c. Air.

d. Rail.

e. Inland water.

f. Great Lakes.

g. Deep sea water.

h. Pipeline.

We did not allow for multiple modes in combinationwith ‘‘parcel delivery, U.S. Postal Service, or courier’’,‘‘unknown’’, or ‘‘other’’, which, by their nature, mayalready include various kinds of multiple-mode activity.For example, if the respondent reported a shipment’smode of transportation as parcel and air, we treated theshipment as parcel only.

3. Other modes. Shipments for which mode was notreported, or was recorded as ‘‘Other’’ or ‘‘Unknown.’’Also, shipments using any other mode or mode com-binations not specifically listed in the table.

4. Truck. For-hire truck and/ or private truck.

5. Water. Inland water and/ or Great Lakes and/ or deepsea water.

6. Great Lakes. On the questionnaire, ‘‘Inland waterand/ or Great Lakes’’ appeared as one mode. In thetables in this publication, ‘‘Great Lakes’’ appears as aseparate mode. The transportation network and mile-age calculation system that Oak Ridge National Labo-ratories developed for this survey allowed for separatemileage calculations for inland water and Great Lakesbetween the origin and destination ZIP Codes (see the‘‘Mileage Calculations’’ section for more details). There-fore, a shipment reported as using inland water and/ or

Great Lakes can appear in the tables as a single modeinland water shipment, or a single mode Great Lakesshipment, or a multiple mode inland water and GreatLakes shipment.

7. Inland water. On the questionnaire, ‘‘Inland waterand/ or Great Lakes’’ appeared as one mode. In thetables in this publication, ‘‘Inland water’’ appears as aseparate mode. See the ‘‘Great Lakes’’ section abovefor the explanation.

Shipment. A shipment (or delivery) is an individual move-ment of commodities from an establishment to a customeror to another location of the originating company (includinga warehouse, distribution center, retail or wholesale out-let). A shipment uses one or more modes of transportationincluding parcel delivery, U.S. Postal Service, courier,private truck, for-hire truck, rail, water, pipeline, air, andother modes.

Standard TransportationCommodity Classification (STCC).A commodity coding system that the Association of Ameri-can Railroads developed and maintains. The 1993 Com-modity Flow Survey used this classification system at thefive-digit level.

Ton-miles. The weight times the mileage for a shipment.The respondents reported shipment weight in pounds, asdescribed below. Mileage was calculated as the distancebetween the shipment origin and destination ZIP Codes.For shipments by truck, rail, or inland water/ Great Lakes,the mileage excludes international segments. For example,mileages from Alaska to the continental United Statesexclude any mileages through Canada (see the ‘‘MileageCalculations’’ section for more details). Aggregated pound-miles were converted to ton-miles. The tables in thispublication show ton-miles in millions.

Tons shipped. The total weight of the entire shipment.Respondents reported the weight in pounds. Aggregatedpounds were converted to short-tons (2,000 pounds). Thetables in this publication show tons in thousands.

Total modal activity. The overall activity (e.g., ton-miles)of a specific mode of transportation, whether used in asingle-mode shipment, or as part of a multiple-modeshipment. For example, the total modal activity for privatetruck is the total ton-miles carried by private truck insingle-mode shipments, combined with the total ton-milescarried by private truck in all multiple-mode shipments thatinclude private truck (private truck and for-hire truck,private truck and rail, private truck and air, etc.). ‘‘Totalmodal activity’’ appears in table 2 of this publication.

Value of shipments. The dollar value of the entire ship-ment. This was defined as the net selling value, f.o.b. plant,exclusive of freight charges and excise taxes. The tables inthis publication show value in millions of dollars.

VIII 1993 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used inthis publication:

– Represents zero or less than 1 unit of mea-sure.

(D) Denotes figures withheld to avoid disclosingdata for individual companies.

(S) Data do not meet publication standards due tohigh sampling variability or other reasons.

CFS Commodity Flow Survey.CTS Commodity Transportation Survey.CV Coefficient of Variation.lb Pounds.N.E.C. Not Elsewhere Classified.NTAR National Transportation Analysis Region.SIC Standard Industrial Classification.SSEL Standard Statistical Establishment List.STCC Standard Transportation Commodity Classifi-

cation.

1993 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY IXTRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 1 SESS: 11 OUTPUT: Thu Feb 29 13:59:17 1996 / pssw02/ disk2/ economic/ tc92cf/ 0/ 07txtgui1

Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Reportby Table Number

Information shown in tablesTables

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X X X X X XTons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X X X X X XTon-miles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X X X X X X XAverage miles per shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X X X X X

Mode of transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X X X X XDistance shipped. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XShipment size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XCommodity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X XState of destination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X

X USERS’ GUIDE TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

TIPS UPF [APS_PPGB,MA_SMITH] 2/ 29/ 96 14:08:38 MCVX09 TLP:AK.TOC;3 2/ 29/ 96 14:08:19 DATA:NONE UPF:AK.UPF PAGE: 1TSF:TIPS92-14082067.DAT;1 2/ 29/ 96 14:08:23 UTF:TIPS93-14082067.DAT;1 2/ 29/ 96 14:08:23 META:TIPS96-14082067.DAT;1 2/ 29/ 96 14:08:36

Contents Alaska

[Page numbers listed here omit the prefix thatappears as part of the number of each page]

PageIntroduction to the Economic Census III...............................................

1993 Commodity Flow Survey V.....................................................

Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report by Table Number X..................

TABLES

1. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State of Origin: 1993 3....

2. Shipment Characteristics by Total Modal Activity for State of Origin: 1993 3........

3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped forState of Origin: 1993 4.......................................................

4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for Stateof Origin: 1993 7............................................................

5. Shipment Characteristics by Commodity for State of Origin: 1993 10................

6. Shipment Characteristics by Commodity and Mode of Transportation for State ofOrigin: 1993 11...............................................................

7. Shipment Characteristics by State of Destination for State of Origin: 1993 23........

APPENDIXES

A. Comparability With Previous Surveys A–1..........................................

B. Reliability of the Data B–1........................................................

C. Sample Design, Survey Methodology, and Estimation C–1...........................

D. Standard Transportation Commodity Classification Code Information D–1..............

E. Sample Report Forms and Instructions E–1........................................

Publication Program Inside back cover...................................................

TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY ALASKA 1

TIPS UPF [DMD_PSYS,R_HEMMIG] 4/ 11/ 96 14:54:35 DPVX01 TLP:BTI.T;1 11/ 29/ 95 10:29:07 DATA:TIPS.INP;323 3/ 29/ 96 14:30:11 UPF:GPO_T_3_02 PAGE: 1TSF:TIPS92-14541872.DAT;1 4/ 11/ 96 14:54:20 UTF:TIPS93-14541872.DAT;1 4/ 11/ 96 14:54:21 META:TIPS96-14541872.DAT;1 4/ 11/ 96 14:54:32

Table 1. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State of Origin: 1993[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

Mode of transportation

Value Tons Ton-miles1

Number(million dollars) Percent

Number(thousands) Percent

Number(millions) Percent

Average milesper shipment1

All modes 8 120--------------------------------------- 100.0 23 479 100.0 10 903 100.0 217

SINGLE MODES

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 181----------------------- 2.2 21 .1 9 .1 505Private truck 2 223---------------------------------------------- 27.4 6 026 25.7 276 2.5 43For-hire truck 1 408--------------------------------------------- 17.3 (S) (S) 132 1.2 123Air 31------------------------------------------------------- .4 4 – 6 .1 1 115

Rail 391------------------------------------------------------ 4.8 2 010 8.6 833 7.6 416Inland water (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) 3 242 13.8 757 6.9 363Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water 64------------------------------------------- .8 (S) – (S) (S) (S)Pipeline2 (D)------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

MULTIPLE MODES

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)------------------------------ (S) (S) – (S) – (S)Truck and air 100--------------------------------------------- 1.2 14 .1 13 .1 1 040Truck and rail (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and water 141------------------------------------------ 1.7 79 .3 126 1.2 1 483

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 1 011--------------------------------- 12.5 3 392 14.4 6 197 56.8 1 871

OTHER MODES

Other and unknown modes 1 743--------------------------------- 21.5 3 697 15.7 2 350 21.6 730

Note: " Deep sea water" as a single mode describes shipments moving only on the open waters of the oceans or the Gulf of Mexico. Most shipments moving primarily on the open oceanare tabulated under " Inland water and deep sea" .

– Represents zero or less than 1 unit of measure

(S) Data do not meet publication standards due to high sampling variability or other reasons. Some unpublished estimates can be derived by subtracting published data from theirrespective totals. However, the figures obtained by such subtraction are subject to these same limitations.

(D) Denotes figures withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

1Average miles and ton-miles are based on the estimated distance traveled, not on Great Circle Distance. See the " Mileage Calculations" section of this report for further explanation.Calculation of average miles per shipment excludes shipments of STCC 27, Printed Matter. See " About the Data" section of this report for further explanation.

2CFS data for pipelines exclude most shipments of crude oil. See " About the Data" section for details of CFS coverage.

Table 2. Shipment Characteristics by Total ModalActivity for State of Origin: 1993

[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may notadd to total because of rounding]

Mode of transportation1

Ton-miles2



Total 10 903----------------------------------- 100.0 217

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier, total 9--------- .1 505Truck, total 424-------------------------------------- 3.9 59Air, total 18---------------------------------------- .2 928Rail, total 835--------------------------------------- 7.7 415Inland water, total 1 625-------------------------------- 14.9 356

Great Lakes, total –-------------------------------- – (S)Deep sea water, total 5 460---------------------------- 50.1 1 389Pipeline, total (S)------------------------------------ (S) (S)Other and unknown modes, total 2 349------------------ 21.5 730


(S) Data do not meet publication standards due to high sampling variability or other reasons.Some unpublished estimates can be derived by subtracting published data from their respective totals.However, the figures obtained by such subtraction are subject to these same limitations.


1Data represent activity for a given mode across single and multiple mode shipments. Forexample, total truck activity includes private truck and/ or for-hire truck single mode combined with privateand for-hire truck segments of all multiple mode trips including truck.

2Average miles and ton-miles are based on the estimated distance traveled, not on Great CircleDistance. See the " Mileage Calculations" section of this report for further explanation. Calculation ofaverage miles per shipment exclude shipments of STCC 27, Printed Matter. See " About the Data" sectionof this report for further explanation.

TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY Alaska 3


Table 3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped forState of Origin: 1993

[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

Mode of transportation and distance shipped(based on Great Circle Distance)





ALL MODESTotal 8 120-------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 23 479 100.0 10 903 100.0

Less than 50 miles 3 818--------------------------------------------------- 47.0 12 663 53.9 393 3.650 to 99 miles 394------------------------------------------------------- 4.9 (S) (S) 139 1.3100 to 249 miles 225----------------------------------------------------- 2.8 (S) (S) (S) (S)250 to 499 miles 919----------------------------------------------------- 11.3 3 168 13.5 1 271 11.7500 to 749 miles 425----------------------------------------------------- 5.2 (S) (S) (S) (S)

750 to 999 miles 730----------------------------------------------------- 9.0 865 3.7 (S) (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles 646-------------------------------------------------- 8.0 (S) (S) (S) (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles 573-------------------------------------------------- 7.1 2 935 12.5 5 761 52.82,000 miles or more 389-------------------------------------------------- 4.8 339 1.4 783 7.2

SINGLE MODES

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 181---------------------------- 100.0 21 100.0 9 100.0

Less than 50 miles 17--------------------------------------------------- 9.6 5 25.0 – (S)50 to 99 miles 6------------------------------------------------------- 3.2 – 1.8 – .8100 to 249 miles 9----------------------------------------------------- 4.9 2 8.1 – 5.0250 to 499 miles 33----------------------------------------------------- 18.5 5 24.7 2 22.2500 to 749 miles 38----------------------------------------------------- 20.8 5 25.2 3 33.9

750 to 999 miles 14----------------------------------------------------- 7.9 1 5.4 1 10.31,000 to 1,499 miles 10-------------------------------------------------- 5.3 1 4.4 1 9.61,500 to 1,999 miles 3-------------------------------------------------- 1.5 – 1.1 – 1.92,000 miles or more 51-------------------------------------------------- 28.3 1 4.3 1 15.1

Private truck 2 223---------------------------------------------------- 100.0 6 026 100.0 276 100.0

Less than 50 miles 1 853--------------------------------------------------- 83.4 5 505 91.4 141 51.250 to 99 miles 166------------------------------------------------------- 7.5 (S) (S) 32 11.7100 to 249 miles 87----------------------------------------------------- 3.9 73 1.2 19 6.9250 to 499 miles 99----------------------------------------------------- 4.5 162 2.7 70 25.5500 to 749 miles 15----------------------------------------------------- .7 (S) (S) – (S)

750 to 999 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles (S)-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more (S)-------------------------------------------------- – (S) – – (S)

For-hire truck 1 408--------------------------------------------------- 100.0 (S) (S) 132 100.0

Less than 50 miles (S)--------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 43 32.650 to 99 miles 68------------------------------------------------------- 4.8 (S) (S) 13 9.6100 to 249 miles 55----------------------------------------------------- 3.9 16 .4 6 4.4250 to 499 miles 67----------------------------------------------------- 4.8 82 2.0 36 27.1500 to 749 miles 41----------------------------------------------------- 2.9 27 .7 23 17.3

750 to 999 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)2,000 miles or more (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) – – (S)

Air 31-------------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 4 100.0 6 100.0

Less than 50 miles –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S)100 to 249 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S)250 to 499 miles 14----------------------------------------------------- 46.1 1 22.5 1 8.7500 to 749 miles 3----------------------------------------------------- 8.1 – (S) – (S)

750 to 999 miles 4----------------------------------------------------- 12.7 1 20.5 1 23.01,000 to 1,499 miles (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S)

Rail 391------------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 2 010 100.0 833 100.0

Less than 50 miles (D)--------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)250 to 499 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

750 to 999 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

Inland water (S)---------------------------------------------------- (S) 3 242 100.0 757 100.0

Less than 50 miles (S)--------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)50 to 99 miles (D)------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100 to 249 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)500 to 749 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)


Great Lakes –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

Less than 50 miles –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –250 to 499 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –500 to 749 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –


Deep sea water 64------------------------------------------------- 100.0 (S) (S) (S) (S)

Less than 50 miles –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –250 to 499 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

4 Alaska TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Table 3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped forState of Origin: 1993 mCon.







SINGLE MODESmCon.

Deep sea water mCon.500 to 749 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)750 to 999 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

Pipeline 1 (D)-------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Less than 50 miles (D)--------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50 to 99 miles (D)------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100 to 249 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –250 to 499 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –


MULTIPLE MODES

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)---------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)

Less than 50 miles (S)--------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S)50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – –100 to 249 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S)500 to 749 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


Truck and air 100---------------------------------------------------- 100.0 14 100.0 13 100.0

Less than 50 miles –--------------------------------------------------- (S) – – – –50 to 99 miles 2------------------------------------------------------- 1.5 – 1.9 – .6100 to 249 miles 9----------------------------------------------------- 9.4 3 19.2 1 8.3250 to 499 miles 21----------------------------------------------------- 21.5 4 28.1 2 16.0500 to 749 miles 27----------------------------------------------------- 27.0 5 33.8 4 28.9

750 to 999 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles 5-------------------------------------------------- 4.6 – 1.9 – 3.51,500 to 1,999 miles (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S)2,000 miles or more 11-------------------------------------------------- 11.1 (S) (S) – (S)

Truck and rail (D)--------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Less than 50 miles –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –500 to 749 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –


Truck and water 141------------------------------------------------- 100.0 79 100.0 126 100.0

Less than 50 miles –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)500 to 749 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) 16 19.7 15 11.7

750 to 999 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)1,000 to 1,499 miles 61-------------------------------------------------- 43.4 43 54.9 81 64.61,500 to 1,999 miles 2-------------------------------------------------- 1.1 1 1.3 2 1.72,000 miles or more (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline 1 –---------------------------------------------- – – – – –



Rail and water –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –



Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------------ – – – – –




Table 3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped forState of Origin: 1993 mCon.







MULTIPLE MODESmCon.

Inland water and Great Lakes mCon.750 to 999 miles –----------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

Inland water and deep sea 1 011--------------------------------------- 100.0 3 392 100.0 6 197 100.0

Less than 50 miles –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –------------------------------------------------------- – (S) (S) (S) (S)100 to 249 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)250 to 499 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – –500 to 749 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S)

750 to 999 miles (S)----------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles 137-------------------------------------------------- 13.6 58 1.7 97 1.61,500 to 1,999 miles 430-------------------------------------------------- 42.5 2 850 84.0 5 682 91.72,000 miles or more (S)-------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

OTHER MODES

Other and unknown modes 1 743-------------------------------------- 100.0 3 697 100.0 2 350 100.0

Less than 50 miles 367--------------------------------------------------- 21.0 (S) (S) (S) (S)50 to 99 miles (D)------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100 to 249 miles 4----------------------------------------------------- .2 2 – – –250 to 499 miles 202----------------------------------------------------- 11.6 160 4.3 61 2.6500 to 749 miles 101----------------------------------------------------- 5.8 (S) (S) (S) (S)

750 to 999 miles (D)----------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)1,000 to 1,499 miles 396-------------------------------------------------- 22.7 (S) (S) (S) (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles 130-------------------------------------------------- 7.5 78 2.1 74 3.22,000 miles or more 225-------------------------------------------------- 12.9 308 8.3 675 28.7






2Ton-miles is based on the estimated distance traveled, not on Great Circle Distance. See the " Mileage Calculations" section of this report for further explanation.



Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for State ofOrigin: 1993


Mode of transportation and shipment size






ALL MODESTotal 8 120-------------------------------------------- 100.0 23 479 100.0 10 903 100.0 217

Less than 50 lb 351------------------------------------------- 4.3 43 .2 8 .1 25850 to 99 lb 129----------------------------------------------- 1.6 13 .1 3 – 191100 to 499 lb 448--------------------------------------------- 5.5 100 .4 21 .2 207500 to 749 lb 121--------------------------------------------- 1.5 40 .2 9 .1 225750 to 999 lb 96--------------------------------------------- 1.2 (S) (S) (S) – (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 668------------------------------------------ 8.2 676 2.9 114 1.0 17610,000 to 49,999 lb 1 593--------------------------------------- 19.6 2 859 12.2 577 5.3 16150,000 to 99,999 lb 921--------------------------------------- 11.3 5 288 22.5 356 3.3 66100,000 lb or more 3 794---------------------------------------- 46.7 14 394 61.3 9 800 89.9 281

SINGLE MODESParcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 181----------------- 100.0 21 100.0 9 100.0 505

Less than 50 lb 82------------------------------------------- 45.5 9 44.4 3 35.0 50650 to 99 lb 26----------------------------------------------- 14.2 1 5.6 1 6.4 492100 to 499 lb 63--------------------------------------------- 34.8 7 32.1 4 37.7 503500 to 749 lb (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) 2 11.0 1 13.2 523750 to 999 lb (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) 1 6.9 (S) (S) (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Private truck 2 223----------------------------------------- 100.0 6 026 100.0 276 100.0 43

Less than 50 lb 133------------------------------------------- 6.0 8 .1 – .1 2750 to 99 lb 60----------------------------------------------- 2.7 10 .2 – .1 39100 to 499 lb 249--------------------------------------------- 11.2 73 1.2 3 1.0 40500 to 749 lb 65--------------------------------------------- 2.9 29 .5 1 .4 36750 to 999 lb 68--------------------------------------------- 3.0 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 348------------------------------------------ 15.7 415 6.9 22 7.9 5010,000 to 49,999 lb 246--------------------------------------- 11.1 1 065 17.7 58 21.1 5550,000 to 99,999 lb 251--------------------------------------- 11.3 (S) (S) 126 45.5 46100,000 lb or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) 1 592 26.4 56 20.3 (S)

For-hire truck 1 408---------------------------------------- 100.0 (S) (S) 132 100.0 123

Less than 50 lb 60------------------------------------------- 4.2 21 .5 1 .6 21750 to 99 lb 15----------------------------------------------- 1.0 1 – – .1 240100 to 499 lb 55--------------------------------------------- 3.9 6 .2 2 1.4 312500 to 749 lb 12--------------------------------------------- .8 2 .1 – .4 193750 to 999 lb 7--------------------------------------------- .5 2 – – .3 235

1,000 to 9,999 lb 138------------------------------------------ 9.8 (S) (S) 15 11.1 11810,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 58 43.6 (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb (S)--------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 44 33.4 (S)100,000 lb or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) 78 2.0 (S) (S) (S)

Air 31-------------------------------------------------- 100.0 4 100.0 6 100.0 1 115

Less than 50 lb (S)------------------------------------------- (S) – 5.0 – 1.6 1 13150 to 99 lb 1----------------------------------------------- 2.3 – .9 – .5 753100 to 499 lb 6--------------------------------------------- 18.9 1 13.4 – 7.0 731500 to 749 lb 5--------------------------------------------- 15.4 – 10.3 (S) (S) (S)750 to 999 lb (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) – 3.2 – (S) (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 10------------------------------------------ 32.6 3 67.3 (S) (S) (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Rail 391-------------------------------------------------- 100.0 2 010 100.0 833 100.0 416

Less than 50 lb –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –----------------------------------------------- – – – – – –100 to 499 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)500 to 749 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb –------------------------------------------ – – – – – (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) – (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) 415

Inland water (S)----------------------------------------- (S) 3 242 100.0 757 100.0 363

Less than 50 lb –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –----------------------------------------------- – – – – – –100 to 499 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –500 to 749 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) – – (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)100,000 lb or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) 3 207 98.9 731 96.5 (S)

Great Lakes –----------------------------------------- – – – – – –



Deep sea water 64-------------------------------------- 100.0 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)




Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for State ofOrigin: 1993 mCon.








SINGLE MODESmCon.

Deep sea water mCon.1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)------------------------------------------ (S) – 1.1 – (S) (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb (D)--------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100,000 lb or more (D)---------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Pipeline 2 (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Less than 50 lb –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –----------------------------------------------- – – – – – –100 to 499 lb (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb (D)------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)10,000 to 49,999 lb (D)--------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50,000 to 99,999 lb (D)--------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100,000 lb or more (D)---------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

MULTIPLE MODES

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)----------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Less than 50 lb –------------------------------------------- 3.4 – .4 – – (S)50 to 99 lb –----------------------------------------------- 4.4 – 1.5 – – (S)100 to 499 lb (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 lb –--------------------------------------------- 8.0 – 1.0 – (S) (S)750 to 999 lb (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

1,000 to 9,999 lb (D)------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Truck and air 100---------------------------------------- 100.0 14 100.0 13 100.0 1 040

Less than 50 lb 21------------------------------------------- 20.7 1 4.2 1 4.6 1 12250 to 99 lb 10----------------------------------------------- 9.8 – 3.0 – 2.8 847100 to 499 lb 28--------------------------------------------- 28.0 2 16.6 2 17.4 966500 to 749 lb (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) 1 7.9 (S) (S) (S)750 to 999 lb (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 26------------------------------------------ 26.2 9 63.1 8 59.4 77710,000 to 49,999 lb (D)--------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Truck and rail (D)---------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


1,000 to 9,999 lb (D)------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more (D)---------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Truck and water 141------------------------------------- 100.0 79 100.0 126 100.0 1 483

Less than 50 lb –------------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)50 to 99 lb –----------------------------------------------- .1 – – – – (S)100 to 499 lb –--------------------------------------------- .2 – .1 – – (S)500 to 749 lb –--------------------------------------------- .1 – .1 – – (S)750 to 999 lb –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb 135--------------------------------------- 95.3 70 89.1 114 90.8 1 57050,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- .1 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)100,000 lb or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline 2 –---------------------------------- – – – – – –



Rail and water –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –



Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------ – – – – – –




Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for State ofOrigin: 1993 mCon.








MULTIPLE MODESmCon.

Inland water and Great Lakes mCon.1,000 to 9,999 lb –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water and deep sea 1 011--------------------------- 100.0 3 392 100.0 6 197 100.0 1 871


1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) – (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb 189--------------------------------------- 18.7 63 1.9 133 2.2 2 06050,000 to 99,999 lb (S)--------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) – (S)100,000 lb or more 814---------------------------------------- 80.4 3 324 98.0 6 054 97.7 1 365

OTHER MODES

Other and unknown modes 1 743--------------------------- 100.0 3 697 100.0 2 350 100.0 730

Less than 50 lb 46------------------------------------------- 2.7 3 .1 3 .1 62150 to 99 lb 18----------------------------------------------- 1.0 1 – 1 – 709100 to 499 lb 46--------------------------------------------- 2.7 11 .3 10 .4 856500 to 749 lb 21--------------------------------------------- 1.2 5 .1 4 .2 885750 to 999 lb 13--------------------------------------------- .7 5 .1 4 .2 891

1,000 to 9,999 lb 135------------------------------------------ 7.7 68 1.8 58 2.5 79510,000 to 49,999 lb 357--------------------------------------- 20.5 180 4.9 168 7.2 93350,000 to 99,999 lb 119--------------------------------------- 6.8 166 4.5 152 6.5 956100,000 lb or more 989---------------------------------------- 56.7 3 258 88.1 (S) (S) (S)









Table 5. Shipment Characteristics by Commodity for State of Origin: 1993[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

STCCcode Commodity description Value

(million dollars)Tons

(thousands)Ton-miles1

(millions)Average miles per

shipment1

ALL COMMODITIES

Total 8 120------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 479 10 903 217

01 Farm products 19------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (S) – (S)08 Forest products –----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- – – –09 Fresh fish or other marine products 1 367----------------------------------------------------------------- 516 506 1 36110 Metallic ores (D)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D)11 Coal (D)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D)

13 Crude petroleum, natural gas, or gasoline (D)------------------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D)14 Nonmetallic minerals 16------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) 30 (S)19 Ordnance or accessories –--------------------------------------------------------------------------- – – –20 Food or kindred products 1 717--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 820 301 15721 Tobacco products, excluding insecticides (S)------------------------------------------------------------ (S) – (S)

22 Textile mill products (S)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 – (S)23 Apparel or other finished textile products (S)------------------------------------------------------------- 1 – 27824 Lumber or wood products, excluding furniture 471-------------------------------------------------------- 5 323 933 (S)25 Furniture or fixtures 19-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 1 14926 Pulp, paper, or allied products 197---------------------------------------------------------------------- 294 585 269

27 Printed matter (S)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) –28 Chemicals or allied products 478------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 777 4 296 15529 Petroleum or coal products 2 301------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 084 (S) (S)30 Rubber or miscellaneous plastics products 39----------------------------------------------------------- 8 2 24131 Leather or leather products (S)------------------------------------------------------------------------- – – (S)

32 Clay, concrete, glass, or stone products 60------------------------------------------------------------- 456 77 17033 Primary metal products 113----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69 25 21934 Fabricated metal products 137-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 13 29035 Machinery, excluding electrical 234---------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 15 75336 Electrical machinery, equipment, or supplies 109---------------------------------------------------------- 11 2 315

37 Transportation equipment 91-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 5 13138 Instruments, photographic goods, optical goods, watches, or clocks 8------------------------------------ – – 20139 Miscellaneous products of manufacturing 56------------------------------------------------------------ (S) – 25740 Waste or scrap materials 7--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65 48 1 01041 Miscellaneous freight shipments 30--------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 1 (S)

42 Containers, carriers or devices, shipping, returned empty (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) – 56648 Waste hazardous materials or waste hazardous substances –-------------------------------------------- – – –m Commodity unknown (S)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S)







Table 6. Shipment Characteristics by Commodity and Mode of Transportation for State ofOrigin: 1993


STCC code, description, and mode of transportation






ALL COMMODITIES

Total 8 120-------------------------------------------- 100.0 23 479 100.0 10 903 100.0 217

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 181----------------------- 2.2 21 .1 9 .1 505Private truck 2 223---------------------------------------------- 27.4 6 026 25.7 276 2.5 43For-hire truck 1 408--------------------------------------------- 17.3 (S) (S) 132 1.2 123Air 31------------------------------------------------------- .4 4 – 6 .1 1 115Rail 391------------------------------------------------------ 4.8 2 010 8.6 833 7.6 416

Inland water (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) 3 242 13.8 757 6.9 363Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water 64------------------------------------------- .8 (S) (S) (S) – (S)Pipeline2 (D)------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)------------------------------ (S) (S) – (S) – (S)Truck and air 100--------------------------------------------- 1.2 14 .1 13 .1 1 040Truck and rail (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and water 141------------------------------------------ 1.7 79 .3 126 1.2 1 483

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 1 011--------------------------------- 12.5 3 392 14.4 6 197 56.8 1 871

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 1 743--------------------------------- 21.5 3 697 15.7 2 350 21.6 730

STCC 01, FARM PRODUCTS

Total 19-------------------------------------------- 100.0 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- 2.0 – 1.6 – (S) (S)Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ (S) – (S) – (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea –--------------------------------- – – – – – –

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 4--------------------------------- 18.4 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

STCC 08, FOREST PRODUCTS

Total –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- – – – – – –Private truck –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –For-hire truck –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes –--------------------------------- – – – – – –



Table 6. Shipment Characteristics by Commodity and Mode of Transportation for State ofOrigin: 1993 mCon.








STCC 09, FRESH FISH OR OTHER MARINEPRODUCTS

Total 1 367-------------------------------------------- 100.0 516 100.0 506 100.0 1 361

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- – – – – – –Private truck –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)For-hire truck 114--------------------------------------------- 8.4 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) – (S)Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) 2 .4 (S) – (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 125------------------------------------------ 9.1 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)--------------------------------- (S) 167 32.3 263 51.9 1 937

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 555--------------------------------- 40.6 249 48.2 158 31.2 1 326

STCC 10, METALLIC ORES

Total (D)-------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (D)----------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Private truck (D)---------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)For-hire truck –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (D)--------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

STCC 11, COALTotal (D)-------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- – – – – – –Private truck (D)---------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)For-hire truck –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail (D)------------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


Multiple Modes



Other Modes












STCC 13, CRUDE PETROLEUM, NATURAL GAS,OR GASOLINE

Total (D)-------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- – – – – – –Private truck –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –For-hire truck (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes


STCC 14, NONMETALLIC MINERALS

Total 16-------------------------------------------- 100.0 (S) (S) 30 100.0 (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- (S) – – – – (S)Private truck 9---------------------------------------------- 55.7 (S) (S) 9 30.3 18For-hire truck 5--------------------------------------------- 32.2 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water –---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S) (S)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)--------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

STCC 19, ORDNANCE OR ACCESSORIESTotal –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Single Modes



Multiple Modes



Other Modes












STCC 20, FOOD OR KINDRED PRODUCTS

Total 1 717-------------------------------------------- 100.0 820 100.0 301 100.0 157

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 12----------------------- .7 5 .6 3 .9 522Private truck 1 099---------------------------------------------- 64.0 549 67.0 39 13.1 58For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 2 .5 205Air (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) – (S)Rail (S)------------------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) – (S)

Inland water (D)---------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – (S)Truck and air 10--------------------------------------------- .6 3 .4 2 .6 775Truck and rail (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and water (S)------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)--------------------------------- (S) 17 2.1 35 11.5 2 036

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 365--------------------------------- 21.2 154 18.8 172 57.1 883

STCC 21, TOBACCO PRODUCTS, EXCLUDINGINSECTICIDES

Total (S)-------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (D)----------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S) (S)For-hire truck –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes


STCC 22, TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTSTotal (S)-------------------------------------------- (S) 1 100.0 – (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)For-hire truck (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 1--------------------------------- 24.1 – 32.3 – (S) (S)











STCC 23, APPAREL OR OTHER FINISHEDTEXTILE PRODUCTS

Total (S)-------------------------------------------- (S) 1 100.0 – 100.0 278

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 1----------------------- 8.4 – 4.8 – 18.5 729Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) 1 71.9 – (S) (S)For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)--------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)

STCC 24, LUMBER OR WOOD PRODUCTS,EXCLUDING FURNITURE

Total 471-------------------------------------------- 100.0 5 323 100.0 933 100.0 (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – – – – (S)Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck 5--------------------------------------------- 1.1 4 .1 (S) – (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 732 78.4 (S)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 4------------------------------------------ .8 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea –--------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Other Modes


STCC 25, FURNITURE OR FIXTURESTotal 19-------------------------------------------- 100.0 5 100.0 1 100.0 149

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Private truck 12---------------------------------------------- 65.2 2 40.1 – (S) (S)For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 1--------------------------------- 2.7 – (S) – (S) (S)











STCC 26, PULP, PAPER, OR ALLIED PRODUCTS

Total 197-------------------------------------------- 100.0 294 100.0 585 100.0 269

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 24----------------------- 12.3 5 1.5 2 .4 480Private truck 28---------------------------------------------- 14.3 12 4.1 – – 44For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – – (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- (S) – – – – (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water (S)------------------------------------------ (S) 11 3.9 21 3.6 1 828


Other Modes


STCC 27, PRINTED MATTER

Total (S)-------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S) –For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –Air –------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ (S) – (S) – – –Truck and air (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) –Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ (S) – (S) (S) (S) –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)--------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –

STCC 28, CHEMICALS OR ALLIED PRODUCTS

Total 478-------------------------------------------- 100.0 2 777 100.0 4 296 100.0 155

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 5----------------------- 1.1 – – – – 405Private truck 117---------------------------------------------- 24.6 37 1.3 2 – 23For-hire truck 53--------------------------------------------- 11.1 46 1.6 13 .3 285Air (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) – – – – 543Rail (D)------------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) – 1 – 669Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (D)--------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)--------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 32 .8 600











STCC 29, PETROLEUM OR COAL PRODUCTS

Total 2 301-------------------------------------------- 100.0 9 084 100.0 (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 1----------------------- .1 – – – – 410Private truck 477---------------------------------------------- 20.7 1 558 17.1 151 5.1 58For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 48 1.6 (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)Rail (D)------------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Inland water (S)---------------------------------------------- – – – – – (S)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 (D)------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)------------------------------ (S) (S) – (S) – (S)Truck and air (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) – (S) – (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)--------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)--------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 169 5.7 542

STCC 30, RUBBER OR MISCELLANEOUSPLASTICS PRODUCTS

Total 39-------------------------------------------- 100.0 8 100.0 2 100.0 241

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 3----------------------- 8.3 – 2.5 – 4.4 464Private truck 19---------------------------------------------- 48.7 5 61.2 – (S) (S)For-hire truck 11--------------------------------------------- 29.1 2 21.6 – 19.0 192Air –------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – (S)Truck and air 2--------------------------------------------- 4.0 – 1.2 – 4.0 1 367Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea –--------------------------------- (S) – (S) (S) (S) (S)

Other Modes


STCC 31, LEATHER OR LEATHER PRODUCTSTotal (S)-------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)Private truck –---------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)For-hire truck –--------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes –--------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)











STCC 32, CLAY, CONCRETE, GLASS, OR STONEPRODUCTS

Total 60-------------------------------------------- 100.0 456 100.0 77 100.0 170

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- (S) – – – – (S)Private truck 35---------------------------------------------- 59.5 376 82.4 14 18.0 56For-hire truck 9--------------------------------------------- 15.8 42 9.2 11 14.4 224Air (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) – – – – (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- .3 – – – – (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ .3 1 .1 1 1.5 1 827


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 13--------------------------------- 21.8 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

STCC 33, PRIMARY METAL PRODUCTS

Total 113-------------------------------------------- 100.0 69 100.0 25 100.0 219

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – .1 – .1 418Private truck 36---------------------------------------------- 32.0 24 34.5 1 2.8 30For-hire truck 56--------------------------------------------- 49.7 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air 2--------------------------------------------- 1.8 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water (S)------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)


Other Modes


STCC 34, FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTSTotal 137-------------------------------------------- 100.0 53 100.0 13 100.0 290

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – (S) – .8 520Private truck 67---------------------------------------------- 49.3 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck 31--------------------------------------------- 22.7 12 22.5 6 47.5 241Air 1------------------------------------------------------- 1.1 – (S) – – (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water –---------------------------------------------- – – (S) – – (S)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)------------------------------ (S) – (S) – – (S)Truck and air 4--------------------------------------------- 3.0 1 1.4 – 3.4 768Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 1------------------------------------------ .5 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 25--------------------------------- 18.3 5 8.9 (S) (S) (S)











STCC 35, MACHINERY, EXCLUDING ELECTRICAL

Total 234-------------------------------------------- 100.0 23 100.0 15 100.0 753

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 6----------------------- 2.8 – 1.4 – 1.2 566Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – – (S)For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S) (S)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water (S)------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ (S) – – – – (S)Truck and air (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ (S) – (S) – (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea –--------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 59--------------------------------- 25.1 5 22.1 7 45.9 1 041

STCC 36, ELECTRICAL MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT,OR SUPPLIES

Total 109-------------------------------------------- 100.0 11 100.0 2 100.0 315

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – 4.4 – 9.6 563Private truck 31---------------------------------------------- 28.7 4 36.4 – 2.7 22For-hire truck 28--------------------------------------------- 25.4 4 38.8 1 24.0 183Air –------------------------------------------------------- .4 – (S) – .4 686Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – (S)Truck and air 4--------------------------------------------- 3.9 – 3.9 – 12.5 858Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)--------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)

Other Modes


STCC 37, TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENTTotal 91-------------------------------------------- 100.0 14 100.0 5 100.0 131

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) 1 5.3 – 7.1 414Private truck 48---------------------------------------------- 52.6 8 55.5 (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck 19--------------------------------------------- 21.3 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air 9--------------------------------------------- 10.2 – 2.8 – 5.9 686Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water (S)------------------------------------------ (S) – (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea –--------------------------------- – – (S) – – (S)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 4--------------------------------- 4.6 – 3.1 – (S) (S)











STCC 38, INSTRUMENTS, PHOTOGRAPHICGOODS, OPTICAL GOODS, WATCHES, ORCLOCKS

Total 8-------------------------------------------- 100.0 – 100.0 – 100.0 201

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Private truck 2---------------------------------------------- 22.6 – 23.9 – (S) (S)For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes


STCC 39, MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS OFMANUFACTURING

Total 56-------------------------------------------- 100.0 (S) (S) – 100.0 257

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 13----------------------- 23.3 – 3.0 – 37.0 592Private truck 37---------------------------------------------- 66.0 (S) (S) – 15.7 37For-hire truck (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) – .9 – (S) (S)Air (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – (S) – – (S)


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – (S)Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- (S) – – – (S) (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ (S) – (S) – (S) (S)


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 4--------------------------------- 7.2 – 1.6 – 29.5 568

STCC 40, WASTE OR SCRAP MATERIALSTotal 7-------------------------------------------- 100.0 65 100.0 48 100.0 1 010

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- – – – – – –Private truck –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –For-hire truck (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water –---------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 1------------------------------------------ 9.2 10 15.1 18 37.6 1 828


Other Modes












STCC 41, MISCELLANEOUS FREIGHT SHIPMENTS

Total 30-------------------------------------------- 100.0 4 100.0 1 100.0 (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)----------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) 3 57.3 – (S) (S)For-hire truck 7--------------------------------------------- 21.6 1 17.1 – 34.1 492Air (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – 6.7 1 203Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ (S) – (S) – (S) (S)


Other Modes


STCC 42, CONTAINERS, CARRIERS OR DEVICES,SHIPPING, RETURNED EMPTY

Total (S)-------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – 100.0 566

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- – – – – – –Private truck –---------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)For-hire truck (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Inland water (D)---------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Great Lakes –---------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Pipeline2 –------------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ (S) – (S) – (S) (S)


Other Modes


STCC 48, WASTE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ORWASTE HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

Total –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –

Single Modes



Multiple Modes



Other Modes












COMMODITY UNKNOWN

Total (S)-------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –----------------------- – – – – – (S)Private truck (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) – (S) (S)For-hire truck (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)Rail –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –------------------------------ – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------------------------- (S) – (S) – – (S)Truck and rail –--------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline2 –---------------------------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –-------------------------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------------------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (D)--------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes –--------------------------------- (S) – (S) – (S) (S)





1Average miles and ton-miles are based on the estimated distance traveled, not on Great Circle Distance. See the " Mileage Calculations" section of this report for explanation. Calculationof average miles per shipment excludes shipments of STCC 27, Printed Matter. See " About the Data" section of this report for further explanation.




Table 7. Shipment Characteristics by State of Destination for State of Origin: 1993[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

State of Destination



Number(thousands) Percent Number (millions) Percent

Total 8 120---------------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 23 479 100.0 10 903 100.0

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut (S)---------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Maine (S)--------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Massachusetts (S)------------------------------------------------------- (S) – – – –New Hampshire –------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –Rhode Island –--------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Vermont –------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey (S)---------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) – (S) –New York 4------------------------------------------------------------ – – – (S) –Pennsylvania (S)--------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois –--------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Indiana –-------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Michigan (S)------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Ohio –---------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Wisconsin –----------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa –---------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Kansas –-------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Minnesota –----------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Missouri –------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Nebraska –------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –North Dakota –-------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –South Dakota –-------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware –------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –District of Columbia –--------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Florida (S)-------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Georgia (S)------------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Maryland –------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –

North Carolina –------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –South Carolina (D)------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Virginia –-------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –West Virginia –--------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama (S)------------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Kentucky –------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –Mississippi –----------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Tennessee –----------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas –------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –Louisiana (S)------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –Oklahoma –----------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Texas 13--------------------------------------------------------------- .2 (S) – (S) –

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona (S)-------------------------------------------------------------- – (S) – (S) –Colorado –------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –Idaho –--------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Montana –------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Nevada (D)-------------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)New Mexico –--------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Utah –---------------------------------------------------------------- – – – (S) –Wyoming –------------------------------------------------------------ – – – – –

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska 6 558-------------------------------------------------------------- 80.8 19 394 82.6 3 753 34.4California 211------------------------------------------------------------ 2.6 (S) (S) (S) (S)Hawaii –--------------------------------------------------------------- – – – – –Oregon 429-------------------------------------------------------------- 5.3 2 431 10.4 4 445 40.8Washington 730---------------------------------------------------------- 9.0 791 3.4 675 6.2




1Ton-miles based on the estimated distance traveled, not on Great Circle Distance. See the " Mileage Calculations" section of this report for further explanation.


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Appendix A.Comparability With Previous Surveys

The Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) restores a dataprogram on commodity flows that the Census Bureauconducted as a part of its 5-year economic census pro-gram from 1963 through 1977. The Census Bureau lastpublished commodity flow data for the 1977 CommodityTransportation Survey (CTS). Data collected for a modified1983 CTS did not meet the Census Bureau quality

standards, and were not published. Funding was notavailable to conduct the 1987 CTS. The following tableshows a comparison of the 1977, 1983, and 1993 surveys.For the 1993 CFS, the Census Bureau incorporated improve-ments identified from the evaluation of previous surveysand additional research.

Item 1977 19831 1993

1. Industry coverage All manufacturers All manufacturers Manufacturers (minor exceptions)

Selected mining establishments Mining (except mining servicesand oil and gas extraction)

Grain wholesalersPetroleum bulk plants

All wholesale

Video tape distributers

Catalog mail-order houses

Auxiliaries (e.g., warehouses)

2. Sample size Approximately 20,000 estab-lishments selected from theCensus of Manufactures’universe of 350,000

Approximately 71,000 estab-lishments selected from a uni-verse of approximately 339,000in-scope establishments onthe 1982 SSEL

Approximately 200,000 estab-lishments selected from a uni-verse of approximately 800,000in-scope establishments on the1992 SSEL

3. Survey methodology Respondents took a sampleof all shipments for theprevious year.

For each sampled shipment,respondents reported data,including commodity code

Respondents summarized dataon their shipments for theprevious year

No shipment sampleNo reporting of commodity

Respondents took a sample oftheir individual outbound ship-ments for a 2-week period dur-ing each of the four calendarquarters of 1993

For each sampled shipment,respondents reported data,including commodity code

4. Mode of transpor-tation

Rail Piggyback railRail

Rail

For-hire motor carrier, ICCFor-hire motor carrier, non-ICC

Motor carrier For-hire truck

Private truck Private truck Private truck

Air Air Air

Water Water Inland water and/ or Great LakesDeep sea water

Pipeline Pipeline

Parcel delivery Parcel delivery Parcel deliveryCourierU.S. Postal Service

Other Other Other/ unknown

APPENDIX A A–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

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Item 1977 19831 1993

5. Data items requestedon questionnaire

For each shipment:Total valueValue of each commodity

Aggregated data for 1983:Total value of productsshipped and services

For each shipment:Total value

Total weightWeight of each commodity

Total weight of productsshipped

Total percent of weightexported

Total percent of weightshipped < 25 miles

Total weight

All commodities Major commodity

Primary mode of transporta-tion

All modes of transportation

Origin (considered as estab-lishment’s mailing address)

Origin (considered as estab-lishment’s mailing address)

Origin (respondent provided;could be other than mailingaddress)

Destination For each State of destination:Total weight shippedPercent of weight, bymode

Percent of weightexported

DestinationContainerized (Y/ N)Hazardous material (Y/ N)Export (Y/ N)

1The 1983 survey results were not published because post survey evaluation uncovered significant deficiencies in the quality of the data.

A–2 APPENDIX A TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 1 SESS: 19 OUTPUT: Thu Feb 29 13:59:38 1996 / pssw02/ disk2/ economic/ tc92cf/ 0/ 14apdxb

Appendix B.Reliability of the Data

RELIABILITY OF THE ESTIMATES

An estimate based on a sample survey potentiallycontains two types of errors—sampling and nonsampling.Sampling errors occur because the estimate is based on asample, not on the entire universe. Nonsampling errorscan be attributed to many sources in the collection andprocessing of the data. The accuracy of a survey result isaffected jointly by the two types of errors. The following isa description of the sampling and nonsampling errorsassociated with the estimates computed from the 1993Commodity Flow Survey (CFS).

MEASURES OF SAMPLING VARIABILITY

Because the estimates were based on a sample, exactagreement with the results that would be obtained from acomplete census of establishments in the CFS frame usingthe same enumeration procedure was not expected. How-ever, because each establishment in the Standard Statis-tical Establishment List (SSEL) in the specified StandardIndustrial Classifications (SIC) had a known probability ofbeing selected into the sample, it is possible to estimatethe sampling variablity of the estimates.

The standard error of the estimate is a measure of thevariability among the values of the estimate computedfrom all possible samples of the same size and design.Thus, it is a measure of the precision with which anestimate from a particular sample approximates the resultsof a complete enumeration. The coefficient of variation isthe standard error of the estimate divided by the valuebeing estimated. It is expressed as a percent. Note thatmeasures of sampling variablity, such as the standard erroror coefficient of variation, are estimated from the sampleand are also subject to sampling variability. Coefficients ofvariation for number of shipments, dollar value, shipmentweight (tons), and ton-miles estimates are shown in tablesB-1 through B-7 in this appendix. Standard errors for thecorresponsing percentage estimates are also shown there.

The standard errors and coefficients of variation pre-sented in these tables permit certain confidence state-ments about the sample estimates. The particular sampleused in this survey was one of a large number of samplesof the same size that could have been selected using thesame design. In about 9 out of 10 (90 percent) of thesesamples, the estimates would differ from the results of a

complete enumeration by less than 1.65 times the stan-dard error of the estimate. In about 19 out of 20 (95percent) of the samples, the estimates would differ fromthe result of a complete enumeration by less than twice thestandard error of the estimate.

To illustrate the computations involved in the aboveconfidence statements as related to the dollar valueestimates, assume that an estimate of shipment valuepublished in table 6 is $10,750 million for a particularcommodity and mode of transportation, and that thecoefficient of variation for this estimate, as given in appen-dix A, table B-6 is 1.8 percent, or 0.018. Multiplying$10,750 million by 0.018 yields the standard error, $194million. Typical practice is to construct a 90- or 95-percentconfidence interval. Multiplying $194 million by 1.65 gives$320 million. Therefore, a 90-percent confidence interval is$10,430 million to $11,070 million ($10,750 million plus orminus $320 million). If corresponding confidence intervalswere constructed for all possible samples of the same sizeand design, approximately 9 out of 10 (90 percent) of theintervals would contain the figure obtained from a com-plete enumeration. Similarly, a 95-percent confidence inter-val is $10,362 million to $11,138 million ($10,750 millionplus or minus $388 million).

To illustrate the computations involved related to thepercentage estimates, assume that the percentage esti-mate of shipment value published in table 6 is 25 percentfor a particular commodity and mode of transportation, andthat the standard error of this estimate, as given inappendix A, table B-6 is 2.2 percent, or 0.022. Multiplying2.2 percent by 1.65 gives 3.6 percent. So a 90-percentconfidence interval is 21.4 percent to 28.6 percent (25percent plus or minus 3.6 percent.) If corresponding con-fidence intervals were constructed for all possible samplesof the same size and design, approximately 9 out of 10 (90percent) of the intervals would contain the figure obtainedfrom a complete enumeration.

NONSAMPLING ERRORS

As calculated for this report, the standard error andcoefficient of variation measures sampling errors but doesnot measure any systematic biases in the data. Bias is thedifference, averaged over all possible samples of the samesize and design, between the estimate and the true valuebeing estimated.

APPENDIX B B–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

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In the CFS as in other surveys nonsampling errors canbe attributed to many sources: (1) inability to obtaininformation about all cases in the sample, (2) responseerrors, (3) definitional difficulties, (4) differences in theinterpretation of questions, (5) mistakes in coding orrecoding the data obtained, and (6) other errors of collec-tion, response, coverage, and estimation. These nonsam-pling errors also occur in complete censuses.

Some sources of error are specific to the CFS: (1) Somerespondents may have sampled incorrectly when selectinga sample of their documents, (2) some reporters may haveused but not reported other units for their measurements—tonsinstead of pounds, dollars instead of thousands of dollars,etc., (3) on any shipment selected for sample, only themajor commodity (by weight) was reported; secondarycommodities within shipments were not recorded. Althoughunlikely, this might lead to a net undercoverage of some

secondary commodities. These and other problems couldyield a bias of undetermined amount in certain estimates.

Another possible source of bias in estimating the num-ber of shipments, value, shipment weight (tons), andton-miles is the imputation of missing data and for datawhich fail edit. Any systematic error in the imputationprocedure can introduce bias into the estimates.

Although no direct measurement of the biases due tononsampling error has been obtained, precautionary stepswere taken in all phases of the collection, processing, andtabulation of the data in an effort to minimize their influ-ence.

Biases in the published estimates are due in large partto imputing data for nonrespondents and for data which failedit. The overall imputation rate for the survey was 30 to 40percent.

B–2 APPENDIX B TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

TIPS UPF [DMD_PSYS,R_HEMMIG] 4/ 11/ 96 14:55:41 DPVX01 TLP:BTI.TCV;1 11/ 29/ 95 10:29:21 DATA:TIPS.INP;323 3/ 29/ 96 14:30:11 UPF:GPO_TCV_3_02 PAGE: 1TSF:TIPS92-14552785.DAT;1 4/ 11/ 96 14:55:29 UTF:TIPS93-14552785.DAT;1 4/ 11/ 96 14:55:29 META:TIPS96-14552785.DAT;1 4/ 11/ 96 14:55:38

Table B–1. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportationfor the State of Origin: 1993


Value Tons Ton-miles

Coefficient ofvariation of number

Standard error ofpercentage





Average miles pershipmentm

coefficient ofvariation

All modes 14.6--------------------- – 15.7 – 20.9 – 10.9

SINGLE MODES

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 12.6---- .6 21.1 – 21.6 – 2.9Private truck 21.9--------------------------- 2.5 33.4 4.9 24.5 1.8 10.5For-hire truck 46.3-------------------------- 3.9 (S) (S) 17.2 1.2 28.5Air 35.9------------------------------------ .2 34.5 – 41.7 .1 24.1

Rail 40.5----------------------------------- 1.8 40.6 3.0 40.5 7.2 23.6Inland water (S)--------------------------- (S) 49.2 4.6 42.8 2.6 26.5Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water 46.8------------------------ .4 (S) .1 (S) (S) (S)Pipeline (D)------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

MULTIPLE MODES

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)----------- (S) (S) – (S) – (S)Truck and air 29.4--------------------------- .4 24.7 – 33.4 .1 11.9Truck and rail (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and water 42.2------------------------ .6 27.6 .1 25.2 .4 18.1

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 26.7-------------- 2.5 29.4 6.7 28.4 10.8 12.6

OTHER MODES

Other and unknown modes 13.7-------------- 3.4 31.5 3.1 41.6 3.4 10.6

Note: For description of the development and uses of measures of reliability, see Appendix B, Reliability of the Data.

(S) Data do not meet publication standards due to high sampling variability or other reasons.


– Represents date cells equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure

Table B–2. Measures of Reliability for ShipmentCharacteristics by Total Modal Activity for State ofOrigin: 1993


Ton-miles





Total 20.9--------------------------------------------- – 10.9

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier, total 21.6------------------- – 2.9Truck, total 13.5------------------------------------------------ 2.3 7.5Air, total 24.2-------------------------------------------------- .1 12.5Rail, total 40.6------------------------------------------------- 7.2 23.6Inland water, total 23.7------------------------------------------ 2.6 11.1

Great Lakes, total 100.0------------------------------------------ – (S)Deep sea water, total 28.2-------------------------------------- 9.5 15.8Pipeline, total (S)---------------------------------------------- (S) (S)Other and unknown modes, total 41.6---------------------------- 3.4 10.7




– Represents data cell equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure

TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY Alaska APPENDIX B B–3


Table B–3. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportationand Distance Shipped for State of Origin: 1993









ALL MODESTotal 14.6---------------------------------------------- – 15.7 – 20.9 –

Less than 50 miles 22.2----------------------------------------- 4.1 28.5 8.7 31.8 2.250 to 99 miles 40.3--------------------------------------------- 1.6 (S) (S) 43.1 .4100 to 249 miles 20.1------------------------------------------- .5 (S) (S) (S) (S)250 to 499 miles 24.5------------------------------------------- 1.5 40.3 5.6 38.2 8.3500 to 749 miles 27.0------------------------------------------- 1.5 (S) (S) (S) (S)

750 to 999 miles 39.8------------------------------------------- 2.0 46.0 1.4 (S) (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles 14.3---------------------------------------- 2.1 (S) (S) (S) (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles 30.5---------------------------------------- 2.4 30.7 6.0 30.7 12.02,000 miles or more 25.4---------------------------------------- 1.6 30.3 .8 28.1 4.0

SINGLE MODES

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 12.6------------------ – 21.1 – 21.6 –

Less than 50 miles 27.0----------------------------------------- 1.9 43.7 7.6 61.9 (S)50 to 99 miles 34.9--------------------------------------------- 1.1 33.2 .7 43.4 .3100 to 249 miles 16.4------------------------------------------- 1.2 36.1 1.7 32.9 1.1250 to 499 miles 19.6------------------------------------------- 2.5 23.6 4.3 22.8 4.5500 to 749 miles 25.3------------------------------------------- 4.4 26.2 5.4 26.6 5.0

750 to 999 miles 43.7------------------------------------------- 2.7 44.9 1.8 46.7 3.11,000 to 1,499 miles 40.3---------------------------------------- 1.8 42.9 1.1 47.4 2.01,500 to 1,999 miles 31.3---------------------------------------- .6 36.8 .5 34.9 .92,000 miles or more 28.7---------------------------------------- 6.5 43.9 3.1 40.3 6.1

Private truck 21.9------------------------------------------ – 33.4 – 24.5 –

Less than 50 miles 20.2----------------------------------------- 3.7 37.1 4.4 40.6 7.750 to 99 miles 42.6--------------------------------------------- 2.0 (S) (S) 47.1 3.1100 to 249 miles 31.1------------------------------------------- .9 41.0 .9 33.6 2.9250 to 499 miles 38.4------------------------------------------- 1.3 45.3 1.3 41.2 5.7500 to 749 miles 35.3------------------------------------------- .3 (S) (S) 65.9 (S)

750 to 999 miles 87.4------------------------------------------- – 93.8 – 88.6 –1,000 to 1,499 miles 90.6---------------------------------------- – 84.2 – 84.2 –1,500 to 1,999 miles (S)---------------------------------------- .1 99.9 – 99.7 .12,000 miles or more (S)---------------------------------------- – (S) .1 99.1 (S)

For-hire truck 46.3----------------------------------------- – (S) (S) 17.2 –

Less than 50 miles (S)----------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 43.9 8.350 to 99 miles 16.8--------------------------------------------- 2.1 (S) (S) 48.5 3.8100 to 249 miles 25.1------------------------------------------- 2.6 14.5 .4 15.9 2.0250 to 499 miles 35.0------------------------------------------- 4.5 39.2 2.9 42.3 7.3500 to 749 miles 39.7------------------------------------------- 1.8 46.1 2.0 46.1 6.8

750 to 999 miles 100.0------------------------------------------- – 100.0 – 100.0 –1,000 to 1,499 miles (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 90.7 (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 79.4 (S)2,000 miles or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) – 59.7 (S)

Air 35.9---------------------------------------------------- – 34.5 – 41.7 –

Less than 50 miles –----------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles 100.0--------------------------------------------- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S)100 to 249 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) 90.7 (S) 94.1 (S)250 to 499 miles 48.4------------------------------------------- 13.2 36.8 10.2 36.3 9.8500 to 749 miles 46.0------------------------------------------- 2.6 74.1 (S) 83.8 (S)

750 to 999 miles 37.1------------------------------------------- 9.8 46.5 9.6 47.4 11.21,000 to 1,499 miles (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 79.1 (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles –---------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) 99.6 (S) 99.5 (S)

Rail 40.5--------------------------------------------------- – 40.6 – 40.5 –

Less than 50 miles (D)----------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50 to 99 miles –--------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 100.0 (S)250 to 499 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –

750 to 999 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –---------------------------------------- – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –---------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – –

Inland water (S)------------------------------------------ (S) 49.2 – 42.8 –

Less than 50 miles (S)----------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)50 to 99 miles (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100 to 249 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)500 to 749 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)


Great Lakes –------------------------------------------- – – – – –

Less than 50 miles –----------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –--------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –250 to 499 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –500 to 749 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –


Deep sea water 46.8--------------------------------------- – (S) (S) (S) (S)

Less than 50 miles –----------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –--------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –250 to 499 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

B–4 Alaska APPENDIX B TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Table B–3. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportationand Distance Shipped for State of Origin: 1993 mCon.









SINGLE MODESmCon.

Deep sea water mCon.750 to 999 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles –---------------------------------------- – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –---------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – –

Pipeline (D)----------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Less than 50 miles (D)----------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50 to 99 miles (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100 to 249 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –250 to 499 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –


MULTIPLE MODES

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)------------------------ (S) (S) (S) 91.5 (S)

Less than 50 miles (S)----------------------------------------- (S) 82.1 (S) 94.3 (S)50 to 99 miles 69.9--------------------------------------------- (S) 66.7 (S) 66.7 4.6100 to 249 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) 55.8 (S) 54.6 (S)500 to 749 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


Truck and air 29.4------------------------------------------ – 24.7 – 33.4 –

Less than 50 miles 55.7----------------------------------------- (S) 59.2 .2 74.4 .150 to 99 miles 26.1--------------------------------------------- .9 46.0 1.3 43.1 .4100 to 249 miles 23.6------------------------------------------- 2.5 45.5 3.9 41.3 3.0250 to 499 miles 19.3------------------------------------------- 4.8 34.7 8.4 32.5 7.5500 to 749 miles 24.2------------------------------------------- 4.3 31.9 6.0 31.4 4.2

750 to 999 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 58.4 (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles 34.2---------------------------------------- 1.1 29.0 1.2 28.4 2.11,500 to 1,999 miles (S)---------------------------------------- (S) 69.5 (S) 66.7 (S)2,000 miles or more 47.5---------------------------------------- 3.2 (S) (S) 68.3 (S)

Truck and rail (D)----------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Less than 50 miles –----------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –--------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –500 to 749 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –


Truck and water 42.2--------------------------------------- – 27.6 – 25.2 –

Less than 50 miles –----------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles –--------------------------------------------- – – – – –100 to 249 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)250 to 499 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 100.0 (S)500 to 749 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) 44.8 11.0 46.6 10.6

750 to 999 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)1,000 to 1,499 miles 42.9---------------------------------------- 13.5 34.7 12.0 34.8 12.41,500 to 1,999 miles 45.3---------------------------------------- 1.6 49.6 .6 48.6 .72,000 miles or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –------------------------------------- – – – – –



Rail and water –----------------------------------------- – – – – –



Inland water and Great Lakes –-------------------------- – – – – –




Table B–3. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportationand Distance Shipped for State of Origin: 1993 mCon.









MULTIPLE MODESmCon.

Inland water and Great Lakes mCon.750 to 999 miles –------------------------------------------- – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –---------------------------------------- – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –---------------------------------------- – – – – –2,000 miles or more –---------------------------------------- – – – – –

Inland water and deep sea 26.7----------------------------- – 29.4 – 28.4 –

Less than 50 miles –----------------------------------------- – – – – –50 to 99 miles 100.0--------------------------------------------- – (S) (S) (S) (S)100 to 249 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)250 to 499 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 98.8 –500 to 749 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 100.0 (S)

750 to 999 miles (S)------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)1,000 to 1,499 miles 31.3---------------------------------------- 3.9 32.0 3.3 31.8 2.81,500 to 1,999 miles 40.7---------------------------------------- 13.7 32.2 15.7 31.3 16.42,000 miles or more (S)---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

OTHER MODES

Other and unknown modes 13.7---------------------------- – 31.5 – 41.6 –

Less than 50 miles 30.6----------------------------------------- 6.2 (S) (S) (S) (S)50 to 99 miles (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100 to 249 miles 40.2------------------------------------------- .1 47.6 – 49.7 –250 to 499 miles 45.1------------------------------------------- 3.0 46.8 4.1 43.4 2.1500 to 749 miles 48.1------------------------------------------- 3.2 (S) (S) (S) (S)

750 to 999 miles (D)------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)1,000 to 1,499 miles 26.9---------------------------------------- 7.1 (S) (S) (S) (S)1,500 to 1,999 miles 46.9---------------------------------------- 2.8 43.8 1.3 35.1 1.62,000 miles or more 34.1---------------------------------------- 3.4 34.7 6.4 34.1 11.6







Table B–4. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportationand Shipment Size for State of Origin: 1993











ALL MODESTotal 14.6-------------------------- – 15.7 – 20.9 – 10.9

Less than 50 lb 7.2------------------------ .8 23.3 .1 22.7 .1 11.550 to 99 lb 10.4----------------------------- .2 9.3 – 7.2 – 13.1100 to 499 lb 7.3-------------------------- .9 19.9 .1 16.3 .1 18.7500 to 749 lb 12.2-------------------------- .3 14.7 – 14.6 – 22.7750 to 999 lb 29.9-------------------------- .4 (S) (S) (S) .1 (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 16.8----------------------- 2.4 20.2 .7 17.9 .3 20.310,000 to 49,999 lb 22.7--------------------- 2.3 28.7 2.7 8.0 4.6 27.250,000 to 99,999 lb 37.5--------------------- 2.3 34.0 5.3 25.5 2.4 40.7100,000 lb or more 21.1--------------------- 4.8 21.6 7.6 23.7 7.0 34.9

SINGLE MODESParcel, U.S. Postal Service, orcourier 12.6---------------------------- – 21.1 – 21.6 – 2.9

Less than 50 lb 9.3------------------------ 5.6 31.2 8.0 24.2 6.7 3.150 to 99 lb 40.9----------------------------- 4.7 21.6 1.5 20.1 1.3 6.1100 to 499 lb 24.8-------------------------- 6.3 20.9 6.4 22.8 5.5 4.1500 to 749 lb (S)-------------------------- (S) 40.3 2.6 48.1 2.6 8.6750 to 999 lb (S)-------------------------- (S) 47.6 1.9 (S) (S) (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb –----------------------- – – – – – –10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –--------------------- – – – – – –

Private truck 21.9---------------------- – 33.4 – 24.5 – 10.5

Less than 50 lb 14.3------------------------ 1.8 11.9 .1 11.4 .1 8.750 to 99 lb 12.0----------------------------- .5 13.3 .1 27.2 .1 20.3100 to 499 lb 15.4-------------------------- 2.2 25.0 .4 31.3 .9 10.2500 to 749 lb 15.2-------------------------- .6 20.6 .2 32.5 .5 25.1750 to 999 lb 43.0-------------------------- 1.2 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 19.3----------------------- 3.9 22.8 2.5 22.6 6.4 22.110,000 to 49,999 lb 13.9--------------------- 2.9 23.9 5.4 27.4 3.0 38.350,000 to 99,999 lb 25.0--------------------- 4.2 (S) (S) 42.5 9.6 41.9100,000 lb or more (S)--------------------- (S) 49.2 6.3 39.0 6.7 (S)

For-hire truck 46.3--------------------- – (S) (S) 17.2 – 28.5

Less than 50 lb 24.7------------------------ 2.2 36.2 1.0 35.8 .2 12.750 to 99 lb 37.4----------------------------- .7 17.6 – 18.2 – 13.6100 to 499 lb 19.2-------------------------- 2.6 12.4 .2 17.6 .7 11.6500 to 749 lb 19.2-------------------------- .5 18.6 .1 23.2 .1 12.2750 to 999 lb 32.4-------------------------- .3 26.2 – 41.2 .2 19.2

1,000 to 9,999 lb 28.2----------------------- 4.7 (S) (S) 25.1 3.8 36.310,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) 21.6 5.1 (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) 29.4 6.6 (S)100,000 lb or more (S)--------------------- (S) 33.2 2.7 (S) (S) (S)

Air 35.9-------------------------------- – 34.5 – 41.7 – 24.1

Less than 50 lb (S)------------------------ (S) 52.3 6.2 44.7 1.0 17.150 to 99 lb 37.1----------------------------- 1.6 40.9 .6 40.4 .7 29.8100 to 499 lb 44.9-------------------------- 6.9 32.2 9.6 35.0 10.6 27.8500 to 749 lb 40.4-------------------------- 9.0 44.3 8.9 (S) (S) (S)750 to 999 lb (S)-------------------------- (S) 55.8 3.3 50.9 (S) (S)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 38.3----------------------- 8.8 49.2 15.7 (S) (S) (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –--------------------- – – – – – –

Rail 40.5------------------------------- – 40.6 – 40.5 – 23.6

Less than 50 lb –------------------------ – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –----------------------------- – – – – – –100 to 499 lb 100.0-------------------------- – 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)500 to 749 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb 100.0----------------------- .1 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) .8 (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) 23.6

Inland water (S)---------------------- (S) 49.2 – 42.8 – 26.5

Less than 50 lb –------------------------ – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –----------------------------- – – – – – –100 to 499 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –500 to 749 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)----------------------- (S) (S) (S) 96.0 10.5 (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb 100.0--------------------- – 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)100,000 lb or more (S)--------------------- (S) 49.9 17.8 45.0 17.4 (S)

Great Lakes –----------------------- – – – – – –



Deep sea water 46.8------------------- – (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)




Table B–4. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportationand Shipment Size for State of Origin: 1993 mCon.











SINGLE MODESmCon.

Deep sea water mCon.1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)----------------------- (S) 100.0 10.4 100.0 (S) (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)50,000 to 99,999 lb (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100,000 lb or more (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Pipeline (D)--------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Less than 50 lb –------------------------ – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –----------------------------- – – – – – –100 to 499 lb (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb (D)----------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)10,000 to 49,999 lb (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50,000 to 99,999 lb (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)100,000 lb or more (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

MULTIPLE MODES

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)---- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Less than 50 lb 72.8------------------------ 10.2 48.7 10.5 69.9 10.5 (S)50 to 99 lb 61.7----------------------------- 10.2 75.6 10.4 74.0 10.5 (S)100 to 499 lb (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)500 to 749 lb 100.0-------------------------- 2.9 100.0 2.7 100.0 (S) (S)750 to 999 lb (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

1,000 to 9,999 lb (D)----------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –--------------------- – – – – – –

Truck and air 29.4---------------------- – 24.7 – 33.4 – 11.9

Less than 50 lb 21.3------------------------ 4.9 15.1 2.9 24.4 1.9 13.450 to 99 lb 33.1----------------------------- 3.9 19.2 3.4 23.3 2.3 19.2100 to 499 lb 36.8-------------------------- 1.7 24.9 3.5 32.0 3.4 12.4500 to 749 lb (S)-------------------------- (S) 48.5 1.8 (S) (S) (S)750 to 999 lb (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

1,000 to 9,999 lb 34.1----------------------- 6.7 28.8 9.2 36.0 7.4 42.210,000 to 49,999 lb (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –--------------------- – – – – – –

Truck and rail (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


1,000 to 9,999 lb (D)----------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more (D)--------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Truck and water 42.2------------------- – 27.6 – 25.2 – 18.1

Less than 50 lb 100.0------------------------ – 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)50 to 99 lb 84.2----------------------------- .1 91.7 – 89.0 – (S)100 to 499 lb 54.2-------------------------- 1.2 55.6 .1 57.7 .1 (S)500 to 749 lb 87.1-------------------------- .2 90.7 .1 92.6 .1 (S)750 to 999 lb –-------------------------- – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)----------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb 44.2--------------------- 7.7 30.7 6.6 28.1 5.4 12.250,000 to 99,999 lb 73.0--------------------- .2 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)100,000 lb or more (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –----------------- – – – – – –



Rail and water –--------------------- – – – – – –



Inland water and Great Lakes –------ – – – – – –




Table B–4. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportationand Shipment Size for State of Origin: 1993 mCon.











MULTIPLE MODESmCon.

Inland water and Great Lakes mCon.1,000 to 9,999 lb –----------------------- – – – – – –10,000 to 49,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –--------------------- – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –--------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water and deep sea 26.7--------- – 29.4 – 28.4 – 12.6


1,000 to 9,999 lb (S)----------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) .5 (S)10,000 to 49,999 lb 27.6--------------------- 12.2 25.3 15.1 32.6 15.5 16.650,000 to 99,999 lb (S)--------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) .7 (S)100,000 lb or more 30.1--------------------- 12.5 30.2 15.5 29.4 15.9 18.5

OTHER MODES

Other and unknown modes 13.7-------- – 31.5 – 41.6 – 10.6

Less than 50 lb 26.7------------------------ 1.2 32.4 .1 38.8 .1 16.250 to 99 lb 19.7----------------------------- .3 16.4 – 12.0 – 14.9100 to 499 lb 17.0-------------------------- .9 20.7 .2 24.7 .3 9.0500 to 749 lb 24.0-------------------------- .6 25.7 .1 26.3 .1 9.1750 to 999 lb 26.1-------------------------- .3 25.9 .1 30.3 .1 11.3

1,000 to 9,999 lb 26.7----------------------- 2.3 20.2 1.2 23.3 1.1 6.910,000 to 49,999 lb 22.6--------------------- 3.5 18.3 3.4 25.8 5.4 9.950,000 to 99,999 lb 42.0--------------------- 2.2 35.8 5.9 45.1 8.5 12.8100,000 lb or more 18.1--------------------- 5.1 36.6 8.9 (S) (S) (S)







Table B–5. Estimated Coefficients of Variation for Shipment Characteristics by Commodityfor State of Origin: 1993

STCCcode Commodity description

Value Tons Ton-milesAverage miles per

shipment

ALL COMMODITIES

Total 14.6--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15.7 20.9 10.9

01 Farm products 38.3--------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) 63.1 (S)08 Forest products –-------------------------------------------------------------------------- – – –09 Fresh fish or other marine products 28.8-------------------------------------------------------- 26.8 35.1 9.410 Metallic ores (D)----------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D)11 Coal (D)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D)

13 Crude petroleum, natural gas, or gasoline (D)--------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D)14 Nonmetallic minerals 28.4--------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) 46.7 (S)19 Ordnance or accessories –----------------------------------------------------------------- – – –20 Food or kindred products 40.7----------------------------------------------------------------- 36.4 34.0 39.721 Tobacco products, excluding insecticides (S)--------------------------------------------------- (S) 96.2 (S)

22 Textile mill products (S)---------------------------------------------------------------------- 37.9 50.6 (S)23 Apparel or other finished textile products (S)--------------------------------------------------- 40.3 34.7 33.624 Lumber or wood products, excluding furniture 38.9----------------------------------------------- 37.3 32.5 (S)25 Furniture or fixtures 25.2----------------------------------------------------------------------- 33.2 44.8 37.426 Pulp, paper, or allied products 33.5------------------------------------------------------------- 39.1 41.4 21.8

27 Printed matter (S)--------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) –28 Chemicals or allied products 29.8-------------------------------------------------------------- 38.8 37.0 36.529 Petroleum or coal products 24.9---------------------------------------------------------------- 28.0 (S) (S)30 Rubber or miscellaneous plastics products 12.9-------------------------------------------------- 15.9 32.8 16.931 Leather or leather products (S)--------------------------------------------------------------- 71.7 93.8 (S)

32 Clay, concrete, glass, or stone products 10.9---------------------------------------------------- 17.7 45.2 32.933 Primary metal products 22.1------------------------------------------------------------------- 34.1 35.8 22.134 Fabricated metal products 12.9----------------------------------------------------------------- 40.8 23.4 18.035 Machinery, excluding electrical 23.0------------------------------------------------------------- 29.2 33.3 16.836 Electrical machinery, equipment, or supplies 19.5------------------------------------------------ 19.4 20.2 23.3

37 Transportation equipment 18.2----------------------------------------------------------------- 21.0 31.7 35.038 Instruments, photographic goods, optical goods, watches, or clocks 32.3--------------------------- 38.6 34.8 43.539 Miscellaneous products of manufacturing 23.7--------------------------------------------------- (S) 19.7 15.240 Waste or scrap materials 44.0----------------------------------------------------------------- 47.3 30.8 25.641 Miscellaneous freight shipments 48.2----------------------------------------------------------- 43.4 46.2 (S)

42 Containers, carriers or devices, shipping, returned empty (S)------------------------------------- (S) 31.4 26.148 Waste hazardous materials or waste hazardous substances –---------------------------------- – – –m Commodity unknown (S)--------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) 85.9 (S)







Table B–6. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Commodity and Mode ofTransportation for State of Origin: 1993

STCC code, description, and mode oftransportation










ALL COMMODITIES

Total 14.6-------------------------- – 15.7 – 20.9 – 10.9

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 12.6---- .6 21.1 – 21.6 – 2.9Private truck 21.9--------------------------- 2.5 33.4 4.9 24.5 1.8 10.5For-hire truck 46.3-------------------------- 3.9 (S) (S) 17.2 1.2 28.5Air 35.9------------------------------------ .2 34.5 – 41.7 .1 24.1Rail 40.5----------------------------------- 1.8 40.6 3.0 40.5 7.2 23.6

Inland water (S)--------------------------- (S) 49.2 4.6 42.8 2.6 26.5Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water 46.8------------------------ .4 (S) (S) (S) .1 (S)Pipeline (D)------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)----------- (S) (S) – (S) – (S)Truck and air 29.4--------------------------- .4 24.7 – 33.4 .1 11.9Truck and rail (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and water 42.2------------------------ .6 27.6 .1 25.2 .4 18.1

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 26.7-------------- 2.5 29.4 6.7 28.4 10.8 12.6

Other Modes


STCC 01, FARM PRODUCTS

Total 38.3-------------------------- – (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 45.1---- 8.5 43.9 9.8 52.1 (S) (S)Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water –--------------------------- – – – – – –Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air (D)--------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 100.0------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea –-------------- – – – – – –

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 40.7-------------- 8.8 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

STCC 08, FOREST PRODUCTS

Total –-------------------------- – – – – – –

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –---- – – – – – –Private truck –--------------------------- – – – – – –For-hire truck –-------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes –-------------- – – – – – –



Table B–6. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Commodity and Mode ofTransportation for State of Origin: 1993 mCon.











STCC 09, FRESH FISH OR OTHERMARINE PRODUCTS

Total 28.8-------------------------- – 26.8 – 35.1 – 9.4

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –---- – – – – – –Private truck 90.2--------------------------- – 85.4 – 84.5 – (S)For-hire truck 44.0-------------------------- 4.2 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air (S)------------------------------------ (S) 60.9 (S) 60.9 – (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water –--------------------------- – – – – – –Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water (S)------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) .9 (S)Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air (S)--------------------------- (S) 41.6 .4 (S) 1.1 (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 48.9------------------------ 6.9 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)-------------- (S) 47.8 10.1 44.4 12.0 22.0

Other Modes


STCC 10, METALLIC ORES

Total (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (D)---- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Private truck (D)--------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)For-hire truck –-------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (D)-------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

STCC 11, COAL

Total (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –---- – – – – – –Private truck (D)--------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)For-hire truck –-------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail (D)----------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


Multiple Modes



Other Modes















STCC 13, CRUDE PETROLEUM,NATURAL GAS, OR GASOLINE

Total (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –---- – – – – – –Private truck –--------------------------- – – – – – –For-hire truck (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes


STCC 14, NONMETALLICMINERALS

Total 28.4-------------------------- – (S) (S) 46.7 – (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 58.9---- (S) 58.6 .1 62.5 .3 (S)Private truck 40.0--------------------------- 10.9 (S) (S) 45.7 13.4 21.1For-hire truck 47.5-------------------------- 11.4 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water 100.0--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 100.0 (S) (S)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)-------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

STCC 19, ORDNANCE ORACCESSORIES

Total –-------------------------- – – – – – –

Single Modes



Multiple Modes



Other Modes















STCC 20, FOOD OR KINDREDPRODUCTS

Total 40.7-------------------------- – 36.4 – 34.0 – 39.7

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 26.9---- .8 20.1 .6 29.0 1.6 8.5Private truck 46.0--------------------------- 9.1 40.8 8.8 43.4 5.4 21.5For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 25.8 2.7 19.0Air (S)------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) 3.6 (S)Rail (S)----------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) .4 (S)

Inland water (D)--------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water (S)------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck 100.0----------- – 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)Truck and air 49.4--------------------------- .6 46.7 .4 46.7 1.7 30.6Truck and rail (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and water (S)------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)-------------- (S) 49.9 1.7 47.9 5.2 24.2

Other Modes


STCC 21, TOBACCO PRODUCTS,EXCLUDING INSECTICIDES

Total (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (D)---- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 85.2 (S) (S)For-hire truck –-------------------------- – – – – – –Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes


STCC 22, TEXTILE MILLPRODUCTS

Total (S)-------------------------- (S) 37.9 – 50.6 (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 74.5 (S) 76.0 (S) (S)Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) 53.8 (S) 70.1 (S) (S)For-hire truck (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air (D)--------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 45.2-------------- 11.2 48.4 11.9 59.5 (S) (S)














STCC 23, APPAREL OR OTHERFINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS

Total (S)-------------------------- (S) 40.3 – 34.7 – 33.6

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 41.6---- 7.4 42.8 6.5 39.6 14.4 14.9Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) 46.1 11.6 50.7 (S) (S)For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) 51.9 (S) 63.8 (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air 67.8--------------------------- (S) 82.1 (S) 75.0 (S) (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)-------------- (S) 55.2 (S) 62.0 (S) (S)

STCC 24, LUMBER OR WOODPRODUCTS, EXCLUDINGFURNITURE

Total 38.9-------------------------- – 37.3 – 32.5 – (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 68.7 – 63.7 – (S)Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck 47.1-------------------------- 1.0 43.3 .1 (S) .2 (S)Air 100.0------------------------------------ – 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 45.0 18.5 (S)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air 82.9--------------------------- – 95.3 – 94.4 – (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 45.8------------------------ .8 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 81.4-------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Other Modes


STCC 25, FURNITURE ORFIXTURES

Total 25.2-------------------------- – 33.2 – 44.8 – 37.4

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 66.1 (S) 63.2 (S) (S)Private truck 37.2--------------------------- 13.6 34.4 12.1 57.3 (S) (S)For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 55.1 (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 32.3-------------- 10.3 52.6 (S) 69.8 (S) (S)














STCC 26, PULP, PAPER, ORALLIED PRODUCTS

Total 33.5-------------------------- – 39.1 – 41.4 – 21.8

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 42.6---- 3.3 45.3 1.4 48.2 6.6 21.2Private truck 21.7--------------------------- 17.6 15.1 19.2 34.8 4.8 22.4For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 50.2 6.5 (S)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air 56.9--------------------------- (S) 64.2 – 64.0 .3 (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water (S)------------------------ (S) 45.3 1.1 45.3 1.0 25.8


Other Modes


STCC 27, PRINTED MATTER

Total (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 47.9 (S) –For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –Air 91.1------------------------------------ (S) 97.9 (S) 83.2 .3 –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck 97.1----------- (S) 97.4 (S) 98.8 1.4 –Truck and air (S)--------------------------- (S) 88.8 (S) 71.9 (S) –Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 100.0------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) (S) (S) –


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)-------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) –

STCC 28, CHEMICALS OR ALLIEDPRODUCTS

Total 29.8-------------------------- – 38.8 – 37.0 – 36.5

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 44.1---- .4 38.9 .1 43.3 .1 11.6Private truck 28.0--------------------------- 9.7 35.9 7.1 44.9 1.6 18.5For-hire truck 34.5-------------------------- 4.8 23.3 12.7 37.3 10.3 10.3Air (S)------------------------------------ (S) 62.6 – 49.5 .2 26.7Rail (D)----------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) .2 48.4 1.0 14.8Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (D)-------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)-------------- (S) (S) (S) 38.7 12.0 19.5














STCC 29, PETROLEUM OR COALPRODUCTS

Total 24.9-------------------------- – 28.0 – (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 35.0---- .1 38.7 – 37.6 .1 26.0Private truck 13.1--------------------------- 10.5 17.0 11.7 32.8 8.7 29.2For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 36.9 3.1 (S)Air 100.0------------------------------------ – 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)Rail (D)----------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Inland water (S)--------------------------- .1 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline (D)------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)----------- (S) (S) .3 (S) 2.4 (S)Truck and air (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) .2 (S) .8 (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)-------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes (S)-------------- (S) (S) (S) 41.7 4.1 22.6

STCC 30, RUBBER ORMISCELLANEOUS PLASTICSPRODUCTS

Total 12.9-------------------------- – 15.9 – 32.8 – 16.9

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 29.8---- 1.7 24.1 .6 24.1 1.2 7.1Private truck 16.2--------------------------- 6.4 25.7 7.2 51.4 (S) (S)For-hire truck 26.0-------------------------- 5.6 20.8 5.2 23.8 9.4 20.2Air 80.1------------------------------------ (S) 77.7 (S) 78.0 (S) (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck 100.0----------- – 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)Truck and air 43.7--------------------------- 1.2 49.5 1.0 39.2 2.1 23.5Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 100.0-------------- (S) 100.0 (S) (S) (S) (S)

Other Modes


STCC 31, LEATHER OR LEATHERPRODUCTS

Total (S)-------------------------- (S) 71.7 (S) 93.8 (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 100.0---- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 .3 (S)Private truck 95.8--------------------------- (S) 83.6 (S) 82.5 14.9 (S)For-hire truck 100.0-------------------------- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 .9 (S)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 90.7-------------- (S) 91.3 (S) 94.5 (S) (S)














STCC 32, CLAY, CONCRETE,GLASS, OR STONE PRODUCTS

Total 10.9-------------------------- – 17.7 – 45.2 – 32.9

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 65.2---- (S) 83.7 – 81.3 .1 (S)Private truck 12.8--------------------------- 7.1 19.9 5.7 27.9 11.2 17.7For-hire truck 29.9-------------------------- 5.0 36.0 3.5 48.8 9.5 20.9Air (S)------------------------------------ (S) 100.0 – 100.0 .1 (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air 44.0--------------------------- .2 70.9 – 60.6 .1 (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 44.8------------------------ .2 47.8 – 47.8 1.8 25.8


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 42.9-------------- 7.6 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

STCC 33, PRIMARY METALPRODUCTS

Total 22.1-------------------------- – 34.1 – 35.8 – 22.1

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 42.1 .1 40.5 .2 19.3Private truck 24.1--------------------------- 7.7 30.3 5.8 43.7 1.6 10.2For-hire truck 40.5-------------------------- 8.4 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air 54.4------------------------------------ (S) 60.7 (S) 60.7 .3 (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air 43.3--------------------------- .7 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water (S)------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)


Other Modes


STCC 34, FABRICATED METALPRODUCTS

Total 12.9-------------------------- – 40.8 – 23.4 – 18.0

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 52.3 (S) 44.1 1.1 13.3Private truck 18.7--------------------------- 5.3 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck 33.8-------------------------- 8.3 38.1 9.8 48.6 13.0 18.3Air 44.3------------------------------------ .4 62.8 (S) 58.7 .5 (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water 100.0--------------------------- – 100.0 (S) 100.0 .1 (S)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck (S)----------- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 1.1 (S)Truck and air 16.2--------------------------- .7 34.7 1.5 27.6 3.7 25.2Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 45.4------------------------ .6 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)


Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 34.8-------------- 6.1 42.7 4.1 (S) (S) (S)














STCC 35, MACHINERY,EXCLUDING ELECTRICAL

Total 23.0-------------------------- – 29.2 – 33.3 – 16.8

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 28.1---- .6 34.0 .8 45.0 .7 12.6Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 60.7 8.0 (S)For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air (S)------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 100.0 (S) (S)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water (S)------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck 100.0----------- (S) 100.0 – 100.0 – (S)Truck and air (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 97.0------------------------ (S) 99.5 (S) 99.8 (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 100.0-------------- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 1.1 (S)

Other Modes


STCC 36, ELECTRICALMACHINERY, EQUIPMENT, ORSUPPLIES

Total 19.5-------------------------- – 19.4 – 20.2 – 23.3

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 43.6 1.7 35.3 3.7 19.4Private truck 34.6--------------------------- 8.1 35.3 9.4 35.6 1.6 19.5For-hire truck 23.3-------------------------- 6.1 38.0 9.3 31.4 7.8 28.7Air 40.1------------------------------------ .5 52.6 (S) 47.1 .3 24.8Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck 100.0----------- – 100.0 – 100.0 .1 (S)Truck and air 23.8--------------------------- 1.5 32.7 3.3 40.1 5.3 15.0Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (S)-------------- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)

Other Modes


STCC 37, TRANSPORTATIONEQUIPMENT

Total 18.2-------------------------- – 21.0 – 31.7 – 35.0

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 41.1 2.1 42.7 4.2 16.9Private truck 24.2--------------------------- 7.3 29.7 8.4 (S) (S) (S)For-hire truck 36.9-------------------------- 5.2 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air 29.7--------------------------- 3.2 47.2 1.3 31.3 6.2 41.5Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water (S)------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) (S) (S) (S)

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea 100.0-------------- – 100.0 (S) 100.0 .1 (S)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 39.6-------------- 5.9 41.5 7.2 51.2 (S) (S)














STCC 38, INSTRUMENTS,PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS,OPTICAL GOODS, WATCHES,OR CLOCKS

Total 32.3-------------------------- – 38.6 – 34.8 – 43.5

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 57.1 (S) 59.2 (S) (S)Private truck 34.9--------------------------- 13.1 33.7 14.1 87.8 (S) (S)For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) 68.9 (S) 93.0 (S) (S)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes



Other Modes


STCC 39, MISCELLANEOUSPRODUCTS OFMANUFACTURING

Total 23.7-------------------------- – (S) (S) 19.7 – 15.2

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 27.3---- 4.6 19.7 5.1 22.4 8.0 10.2Private truck 28.8--------------------------- 5.8 (S) (S) 46.8 5.7 20.4For-hire truck (S)-------------------------- (S) 46.0 1.8 52.4 (S) (S)Air (S)------------------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)Rail 100.0----------------------------------- – 100.0 (S) 100.0 .5 (S)


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck 100.0----------- .1 100.0 .1 100.0 – (S)Truck and air 64.5--------------------------- (S) 58.2 .1 85.2 (S) (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 100.0------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)


Other Modes


STCC 40, WASTE OR SCRAPMATERIALS

Total 44.0-------------------------- – 47.3 – 30.8 – 25.6

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –---- – – – – – –Private truck –--------------------------- – – – – – –For-hire truck (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air –------------------------------------ – – – – – –Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water 100.0--------------------------- (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 .2 (S)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 47.8------------------------ 15.2 48.7 15.2 48.7 15.0 25.8


Other Modes















STCC 41, MISCELLANEOUSFREIGHT SHIPMENTS

Total 48.2-------------------------- – 43.4 – 46.2 – (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier (S)---- (S) 90.8 (S) 93.4 (S) (S)Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) 47.9 13.1 62.1 (S) (S)For-hire truck 47.8-------------------------- 9.1 47.4 10.2 48.2 13.1 44.4Air (S)------------------------------------ (S) 71.4 (S) 71.3 (S) (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air (S)--------------------------- (S) 59.1 (S) 49.9 4.6 34.1Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 100.0------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)


Other Modes


STCC 42, CONTAINERS,CARRIERS OR DEVICES,SHIPPING, RETURNED EMPTY

Total (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 31.4 – 26.1

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier –---- – – – – – –Private truck 59.0--------------------------- (S) 59.0 (S) 59.9 .2 (S)For-hire truck (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air 100.0------------------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –

Inland water (D)--------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Great Lakes –--------------------------- – – – – – –Deep sea water –------------------------ – – – – – –Pipeline –------------------------------- – – – – – –

Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air –--------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water 100.0------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 (S) (S)


Other Modes


STCC 48, WASTE HAZARDOUSMATERIALS OR WASTEHAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

Total –-------------------------- – – – – – –

Single Modes



Multiple Modes



Other Modes















COMMODITY UNKNOWN

Total (S)-------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Single Modes

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier 77.2---- .4 87.4 .3 95.8 2.7 (S)Private truck (S)--------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 83.0 (S) (S)For-hire truck (D)-------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Air 100.0------------------------------------ (S) 100.0 (S) 100.0 8.5 (S)Rail –----------------------------------- – – – – – –


Multiple Modes

Private truck and for-hire truck –----------- – – – – – –Truck and air 58.8--------------------------- (S) 61.3 (S) 53.3 11.3 (S)Truck and rail –-------------------------- – – – – – –Truck and water –------------------------ – – – – – –

Truck and pipeline –---------------------- – – – – – –Rail and water –------------------------- – – – – – –Inland water and Great Lakes –------------ – – – – – –Inland water and deep sea (D)-------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Other Modes

Other and unknown modes 65.5-------------- (S) 71.5 (S) 83.9 (S) (S)







Table B–7. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by State of Destination forState of Origin: 1993

State of Destination








Total 14.6---------------------------------------------- – 15.7 – 20.9 –

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut (S)------------------------------------------------ – 96.8 – 96.6 –Maine (S)----------------------------------------------------- – 78.7 – 94.5 –Massachusetts (S)--------------------------------------------- (S) 70.6 – 69.4 –New Hampshire 57.6-------------------------------------------- – 65.2 – 64.8 –Rhode Island 82.1----------------------------------------------- – 76.2 – 78.4 –Vermont 60.4--------------------------------------------------- – 72.2 – 81.7 –

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey (S)------------------------------------------------ (S) (S) .1 (S) 2.1New York 36.3-------------------------------------------------- – 52.6 – (S) –Pennsylvania (S)----------------------------------------------- – 83.1 – 89.2 –

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois 66.0----------------------------------------------------- – 82.0 – 81.2 –Indiana 68.2---------------------------------------------------- – 68.3 – 70.3 –Michigan (S)--------------------------------------------------- – 74.9 – 81.7 –Ohio 46.9------------------------------------------------------ – 55.9 – 60.3 –Wisconsin 60.5------------------------------------------------- – 64.3 – 62.5 –

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa 74.6------------------------------------------------------ – 99.6 – 99.7 –Kansas 75.7---------------------------------------------------- – 86.9 – 83.3 –Minnesota 43.6------------------------------------------------- – 71.9 – 64.7 –Missouri 55.3--------------------------------------------------- – 54.7 – 51.8 –Nebraska 99.6-------------------------------------------------- – 100.0 – 100.0 –North Dakota 78.9---------------------------------------------- – 89.1 – 96.6 –South Dakota 100.0---------------------------------------------- – 100.0 – 100.0 –

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware –-------------------------------------------------- – – – – –District of Columbia 86.0----------------------------------------- – 82.5 – 90.5 –Florida (S)---------------------------------------------------- – 74.2 – 67.6 –Georgia (S)--------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Maryland 61.7-------------------------------------------------- – 78.1 – 77.7 –

North Carolina 90.6--------------------------------------------- – 99.2 – 99.3 –South Carolina (D)--------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)Virginia 70.7---------------------------------------------------- – 42.1 – 47.6 –West Virginia 68.9----------------------------------------------- – 71.3 – 66.2 –

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama (S)--------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)Kentucky 66.7-------------------------------------------------- – 76.5 – 86.1 –Mississippi 100.0------------------------------------------------- – 100.0 – 100.0 –Tennessee 61.3------------------------------------------------- – 73.8 – 75.2 –

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas 72.4-------------------------------------------------- – 93.0 – 93.1 –Louisiana (S)-------------------------------------------------- – 74.0 – 68.0 –Oklahoma 97.8------------------------------------------------- – 99.3 – 99.6 –Texas 37.7----------------------------------------------------- .1 (S) – (S) .1

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona (S)---------------------------------------------------- – (S) – (S) –Colorado 55.3-------------------------------------------------- – 95.5 – 96.0 –Idaho 91.8----------------------------------------------------- – 90.9 – 97.2 –Montana 70.2--------------------------------------------------- – 97.5 – 92.7 –Nevada (D)---------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)New Mexico 59.0----------------------------------------------- – 50.6 – 46.4 –Utah 62.6------------------------------------------------------ – 99.8 – (S) –Wyoming 76.4-------------------------------------------------- – 72.9 – 73.1 –

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska 17.5---------------------------------------------------- 2.6 20.2 6.9 31.7 10.4California 46.8-------------------------------------------------- .8 (S) (S) (S) (S)Hawaii 67.4----------------------------------------------------- – 86.4 – 78.0 –Oregon 44.9---------------------------------------------------- 2.5 39.0 6.3 40.6 12.0Washington 17.3------------------------------------------------ 2.2 45.8 1.3 40.8 3.1






JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 1 SESS: 10 OUTPUT: Thu Feb 29 13:59:48 1996 / pssw02/ disk2/ economic/ tc92cf/ 0/ 14apdxc

Appendix C.Sample Design, Survey Methodology, and Estimation

SAMPLE DESIGN

The sample for the Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) is astratified three-stage probability design where the first-stage sample units are establishments, the second-stageunits are 2-week periods of 1993, and the third-stage unitsare shipments. In a probability sample, (1) there aredistinct samples that can be selected, (2) each sample hasa known probability of selection, and (3) one of the distinctsamples is chosen.

In the first stage, approximately 200,000 domestic estab-lishments were selected from a universe of 800,000 estab-lishments engaged in mining, manufacturing, wholesale,and selected retail and service activities, as well asauxiliaries (e.g., warehouses) of multiestablishment com-panies. Establishments classified in farming, forestry, fish-ing, oil and gas extraction, government, construction, ortransportation, and most establishments in retail and ser-vices are not covered by the CFS.

Establishments were selected from the 1992 StandardStatistical Establishment List (SSEL) of business establish-ments with paid employees. The SSEL, maintained by theBureau of the Census, is a central multipurpose comput-erized name and address file of all known multiestablish-ment firms, and single-establishment employer firms. Estab-lishments having 1991 payroll and classified in the kinds ofbusiness of interest to the survey were eligible for selec-tion.

The establishments in the survey universe were strati-fied by Standard Industrial Classification1 (SIC), NationalTransportation Analysis Region (NTAR), and Type of Opera-tion Code (TOC). (The Department of Transportation (DOT)developed the NTAR’s to create geographic regions thatcould be used in conjunction with other DOT data tomeasure and analyze nationwide patterns of transportationdemands and activities.) Within each stratum (1) theestablishments were divided into certainty and noncer-tainty establishments based on employment size, (2) cer-tainties (typically large firms) were automatically selected,and (3) a sample of noncertainty establishments wasselected with probability proportional to estimated size,where the measure of size was based on annual payroll.The manner in which the sample was selected ensured

that, if an establishment was twice as large as anotherestablishment, it would typically have twice the chance ofbeing selected. The final sample contained 106,362 cer-tainty establishments and 90,814 noncertainty establish-ments.

In the second stage, establishments selected for theCFS were asked to report for a predetermined 2-weekperiod in each of the four quarters of calendar year 1993.Entire 2-week periods were used to reduce the effect ofany daily or weekly bias. Each week of the quarter begana different 2-week reporting period, resulting in 13 possiblereporting periods originating in the first quarter. Eachsampled establishment was randomly assigned one ofthese thirteen 2-week reporting periods in the first quarter.To avoid potential quarterly cycles, reporting periods insubsequent quarters were assigned so that an establish-ment did not report at the same time each quarter. In all,responses were obtained for 8 out of 52 weeks during1993.

In the third stage of sampling, for each of the 2-weekperiods determined in the second stage, a reporting estab-lishment selected a systematic sample of its shipmentsfrom its files. The questionnaire provided sampling instruc-tions that typically resulted in a sample of between 20 and50 shipments being selected each quarter.

SURVEY METHODOLOGY

The 1993 CommodityFlowSurvey(CFS) is an establishment-based shipper survey that used mailout/ mailback datacollection. Respondents were asked to select a sample oftheir outbound shipments and to report, for each sampledshipment, the major commodity, weight, value, transporta-tion mode(s), origin, destination, and indicators of whetherthe shipment was an export, hazardous material, or con-tainerized. For exports we also collected the mode ofexport and city and country of destination. For multi-commodity shipments, the respondents were instructed toreport the commodity that made up the greatest percent-age of the shipment’s weight.

Two report forms were used for the survey—theCFS-1000 (the primary questionnaire) and the CFS-2000,which was sent in the fourth quarter to a subsample ofestablishments. The CFS-2000 contained additional ques-tions about the establishment’s transportation equipmentand access to shipping facilities. See appendix E forsample questionnaires.

1Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Super-intendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,D.C 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

APPENDIX C C–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 2 SESS: 9 OUTPUT: Thu Feb 29 13:59:48 1996 / pssw02/ disk2/ economic/ tc92cf/ 0/ 14apdxc

ESTIMATION

Estimates in this survey are derived from weightedshipment data and are then adjusted using several factorsto account for nonresponse, undercoverage, and responseerrors. Selected establishments reported for a sample oftheir shipments. We weighted these shipments to repre-sent the establishment’s shipments for the year. Eachestablishment’s data were then weighted by the inverse ofthe establishment’s probability of being selected into thesample, which allows data from selected establishments to

represent nonselected establishments. We also used resultsfrom the economic census of Mineral Industries, Manufac-tures, Wholesale, Retail, and Service to construct adjust-ment factors at the establishment level and at the SIClevel. We adjusted individual establishments to the Censusto correct for sampling error and nonsampling error in theselection of shipments within the establishment. We per-formed the SIC-level adjustment to correct for samplingerror in the selection of establishments and to account forundercoverage and establishment nonresponse.

C–2 APPENDIX C TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 1 SESS: 14 OUTPUT: Thu Feb 29 13:59:56 1996 / pssw02/ disk2/ economic/ tc92cf/ 0/ 14apdxd

Appendix D.Standard Transportation Commodity Classification CodeInformation

The commodities shown in this report are classified inaccordance with the Standard Transportation CommodityClassification (STCC) system, published by the Associa-tion of American Railroads.1

We provided respondents with a listing of STCC codesand descriptions at the five-digit level to use in assigning acommodity code for each shipment. For shipments ofmore than one commodity, we instructed respondents touse the five-digit code for the major commodity, defined asthe commodity of greatest total weight in the shipment.

For this report, we aggregated the STCC codes to thetwo-digit level.

The following provides a description of each STCC codepresented in this report.

STCCcode Commodity description STCC

code Commodity description

01 Farm products 30 Rubber or miscellaneous plastics products08 Forest products 31 Leather or leather products09 Fresh fish 32 Clay, concrete, glass, or stone products

33 Primary metal products10 Metallic ores 34 Fabricated metal products11 Coal 35 Machinery, excluding electrical13 Crude petroleum, natural gas or gasoline 36 Electrical machinery, equipment, or supplies14 Nonmetallic ores, minerals, excluding fuels 37 Transportation equipment19 Ordnance or accessories 38 Instruments, photographic goods, optical

goods, watches, or clocks20 Food and kindred products 39 Miscellaneous products of manufacturing21 Tobacco products, excluding insecticides22 Textile mill products 40 Waste or scrap materials not identified by23 Apparel or other finished textile products or producing industry

knit apparel 41 Miscellaneous freight shipments24 Lumber or wood products, excluding furniture 42 Containers, carriers or devices, shipping,25 Furniture or fixtures returned empty26 Pulp, paper, or allied products 48 Waste hazardous materials or waste27 Printed matter hazardous substances28 Chemicals or allied products29 Petroleum or coal products -- Commodity unknown

1For additional information on the STCC system, contact: STCCTechnical Committee, c/ o Committee Secretary, Association of AmericanRailroads, 50 F Street, NW, Room 5603, Washington, DC 20001-1564.Telephone number 202-639-2332; fax number 202-639-2312.

APPENDIX D D–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 1 SESS: 13 OUTPUT: Thu Feb 29 14:00:04 1996 / pssw02/ disk2/ economic/ tc92cf/ 0/ 14apdxe

Appendix E.Sample Report Forms and Instructions

The sample report forms and instructions are shown on the following pages.

Note: The CFS-2000 was sent to a subsample of establishments to obtain additional informationabout the use of transportation equipment and facilities.

APPENDIX E E–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

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E–2 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

BUREAU OF THE CENSUSFORM(9-2-92)

CFS-1000

YOUR RESPONSE IS REQUIRED BY LAW. Title 13, United States Code, requires businesses and other organizations thatreceive this questionnaire to answer the questions and return the report to the Census Bureau. By the same law, YOURCENSUS REPORT IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by Census Bureau employees and may be used only for statisticalpurposes. Further, copies retained in respondents’ files are immune from legal process.

Item A

Is this establishment’s physical location the same as the address shown in the label?

OMB No. 0607-0753: Approval Expires 12/31/94

CONTINUE ON PAGE 2

CENSUS OF TRANSPORTATION

FOR ASSISTANCE IN COMPLETING THIS FORM, CALL 1-800-528-3049

(Please correct any error in name, address, and ZIP Code)

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS1201 East 10th Street Jeffersonville IN 47132-0001

ESTABLISHMENT NAME

Please read the accompanying instructions before completing this questionnaire. The sampling instructions beginning onpage 2 of the questionnaire describe how to take a sample of your outbound shipments covering the two-week periodshown above. You should use your sales invoices, bills of lading, and any other file of shipping documents whichrepresents your total outbound shipments (or deliveries).

PHYSICAL LOCATION (PO boxes or rural routes are not physical locations.)

1

2

In operation

Item C

Item D ORIGIN OF SHIPMENTSDuring the two-week period, did any of your shipments (or deliveries) originatefrom locations other than this physical location?

No — Skip to Item E on page 2. Enter an "A" as the origincode in column (k) of item F for all shipments.

Yes — Enter the City, State, and ZIP Code of these other locations in rows B, C, and D.

Origin code City State ZIP Code

ABCD

Location in mailing address or in Item C.

Does your Census File Number (CFN) shown in the address box above,begin with a "0" (zero)?

Yes — Include shipments from those other locations in your sampling, and use theappropriate origin code (A, B, C, or D) in column (k) of item F forall shipments selected. Now skip to Item E.

No — Do any of these other locations keep their own records for these shipments?

Yes — Omit shipments from these other locations that maintain theirown records from your sampling.

No — Include shipments from these other locations in your sample,and place the appropriate origin code (A, B, C, or D) in column (k)of item F for all shipments selected.

1 2Yes No — Enter physical location below.

Number and street

City, town, village, etc. State ZIP Code

Month/Day/Year

1

2

—

1

2

1

2

—

RETURNTO

Item F, Shipment Characteristics — Beginning on page 2, provide the information requested for each of your sampledshipments. If book figures are not available for weight, value, etc., please provide an estimate.

Item B OPERATIONAL STATUS OF ESTABLISHMENT — Mark (X) the ONE box which best describes this establishment during the 2-week period shown above.

Is the establishment name shown in the mailing address correct?

1 Yes 2 No — Enter correct name.

INSTRUCTIONS

3 Ceased operation — Give date

Temporarily orseasonally inactive


TRANSPORTATION–COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY APPENDIX E E–3

1

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3

4

5

6

7

8

9

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Page 2 FORM CFS-1000 (9-2-92)

SAMPLE SELECTION INSTRUCTIONS

1. Enter your total numberof shipments for the 2-weekperiod.

If your total number of shipments is 40 or less,provide data for every shipment during the 2-weekperiod in Item F. If the number of shipments is 41 ormore, continue with steps 4 and 5 to select theshipments to report.

2. Find the range in column (1) at right that includes thenumber entered in 1 above. Put an (X) in column (2)beside it.

3.

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Shipment

NumberDate

Total

Value(Dollars) Weight

(Pounds)Code

Description(Largest weight)

Commodity

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(e) (f) (g)M D

Mode of transport codesfor columns (i) and (n)

2 — Private truck3 — For-hire truck

Mil. Thou. Dol.

Item F SHIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS

1 — Parcel delivery, courier, or U.S.Postal Service

4 — Railroad

NOTE — Remove any voided invoices, creditmemoranda, etc. from the files, if possible, beforeestimating the total number of shipments.

Item E SOURCE DOCUMENT

Please mark (X) the main document that youwill use to obtain the requested information.

1 Sales invoices

2 Bills of lading

CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE. —

Number ofshipments

Mark (X)one(2)

"Take every" number

(3)

Expectedsample size

(4)(1)

0–40

41—100

101—200

201—400

401—800

801—1600

2

5

10

20

40

Call Census1–800–528–3049

1–40

20—50

20—40

20—40

20—40

20—40

Select every shipment

1601 ormore

3 Other — Specify

Continued

TRANSPORTATION–COMMODITY FLOW SURVEYAPPENDIX EE–4

Page 3FORM CFS-1000 (9-2-92)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

PLEASE CONTINUE ON PAGE 4.

If 176 is entered in 1, mark (X) the third row of thetable. The "Take every" number is 5. Begin countingwith the first shipment in the file and select the 5th

5. Sample validation — After sample selection is done,compare the number of selected shipments to theexpected sample size in column (4). If the number ofselected shipments is above or below the range,recheck the sample selection.

EXAMPLE:

SAMPLE SELECTION INSTRUCTIONS — Continued

Ha

zard

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ria

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Y/N

) Domesticmode(s) oftransport

Enter all thatapply using

codes shownbelow. C

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?(Y

/N)

Ori

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(h) (i) (j) (k)

(l) (o)

Domestic destination(or port/airport/border crossing

of exit for exports)

City State ZIP Code

Foreign destination(for export shipments only)

City

Lin

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(p)E

xp

ort

? (

Y/N

)(m)

Ex

po

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(n)Country

8 — Air 0 — Unknown

4. Note the "Take every" number in column (3) next tothe "X" you marked in column (2). Beginning with thefirst shipment in the file for the period, count theshipments until you reach the "Take every" number.Select that shipment as the first one to report on initem F.

Continuing with the next shipment, begin countingfrom 1 until you reach the "Take every" number again.Select that shipment. Continue this process until youreach the end of the file.

5 — Inland water and/or Great Lakes6 — Deep sea water

7 — Pipeline 9 — Other mode

NOTE – If your sample of shipments includes anyvoided invoices, credit memoranda, etc., write "VOID"in column (b) for that shipment. Leave the rest of theline blank.

shipment to report in Item F. Now beginning with the

6th shipment, count off 5 more, and select the 10thshipment. Resume counting with the 11th and selectthe 15th, 20th shipment, etc. until you reach the end ofthe file. You will have selected 35 shipments to reporton in Item F.


Lin

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Shipment

NumberDate

Total


(Pounds)Code


16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

Commodity

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(e) (f) (g)M D

36

37

38

39

40



Page 4 FORM CFS-1000 (9-2-92)

Mil. Thou. Dol.

Item F SHIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS — Continued


4 — Railroad

Continued


Ha

zard

ou

sm

ate

ria

l? (

Y/N

)

Domesticmode(s) oftransport


codes shownbelow. C

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?(Y

/N)

Ori

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(h) (i) (j) (k)

(l) (o)



City State ZIP Code


City

7 — Pipeline8 — Air

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(p)

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

Ex

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Y/N

)

(m)

Ex

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(n)Country


9 — Other mode0 — Unknown



41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

Page 6 FORM CFS-1000 (9-2-92)

REMARKS

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Shipment

NumberDate

Total


(Pounds)Code


Commodity

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(e) (f) (g)M D



Mil. Thou. Dol.



4 — Railroad

Name of person to contact regarding this report – Please print Telephone number – Include area code

Item G CERTIFICATION

Continued

Signature Title

Date


Page 7FORM CFS-1000 (9-2-92)

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codes shownbelow. C

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(h) (i) (j) (k)

(l) (o)



City State ZIP Code


City

Lin

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(p)

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50E

xp

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? (

Y/N

)

(m)

Ex

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(n)Country




THANK YOU FOR COMPLETING YOUR REPORT

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E–9

Item D

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCEBUREAU OF THE CENSUS

FORM(7-7-93)

CFS-2000

YOUR RESPONSE IS REQUIRED BY LAW. Title 13, United States Code, requires businesses and other organizations thatreceive this questionnaire to answer the questions and return the report to the Census Bureau. By the same law, YOURCENSUS REPORT IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by Census Bureau employees and may be used only for statisticalpurposes. Further, copies retained in respondents’ files are immune from legal process.

Item A

Is this establishment’s physical location the same as the address shown in the label?

OMB No. 0607-0753: Approval Expires 12/31/94

CONTINUE ON PAGE 2

CENSUS OF TRANSPORTATION

FOR ASSISTANCE IN COMPLETING THIS FORM, CALL 1-800-528-3049

(Please correct any error in name, address, and ZIP Code)

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS1201 East 10th Street Jeffersonville IN 47132-0001

ESTABLISHMENT NAME

NOTE NEW ITEMS: G, H, I, and J on pages 6 – 8.

PHYSICAL LOCATION (PO boxes or rural routes are not physical locations.)

1

2

In operation

Item C

ORIGIN OF SHIPMENTSDuring the two-week period, did any of your shipments (or deliveries)originate from locations other than this physical location?

No — Skip to Item E on page 2. Enter an "A" as the origincode in column (k) of item F for all shipments.

Yes — Enter the City, State, and ZIP Code of these other locations in rows B, C, and D.

Origin code City State ZIP Code

ABCD

Location in mailing address or in Item C.

Does your Census File Number (CFN) shown in the address box above,begin with a "0" (zero)?

Yes — Include shipments from those other locations in your sampling, and use theappropriate origin code (A, B, C, or D) in column (k) of item F forall shipments selected. Now skip to Item E.

No — Do any of these other locations keep their own records for these shipments?

Yes — Omit shipments from these other locations that maintain theirown records from your sampling.

No — Include shipments from these other locations in your sample,and place the appropriate origin code (A, B, C, or D) in column (k)of item F for all shipments selected.

1 2Yes No — Enter physical location below.

Number and street

City, town, village, etc. State ZIP Code

Month/Day/Year

1

2

—

1

2

1

2

—

RETURNTO

Item B OPERATIONAL STATUS OF ESTABLISHMENT — Mark (X) the ONE box which best describes this establishment during the 2-week period shown above.

Is the establishment name shown in the mailing address correct?

1 Yes 2 No — Enter correct name.

INSTRUCTIONS

3 Ceased operation — Give date

Temporarily orseasonally inactive


Please complete these items even if you have no shipments to report duringthe two-week reporting period.


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

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Page 2 FORM CFS-2000 (7-7-93)

SAMPLE SELECTION INSTRUCTIONS

1. Enter your total numberof shipments for the 2-weekperiod.

If your total number of shipments is 40 or less,provide data for every shipment during the 2-weekperiod in Item F. If the number of shipments is 41 ormore, continue with steps 4 and 5 to select theshipments to report.

2. Find the range in column (1) at right that includes thenumber entered in 1 above. Put an (X) in column (2)beside it.

3.

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Shipment

NumberDate

Total


(Pounds)Code Description

Commodity

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(e) (f) (g)M D



Mil. Thou. Dol.

Item F SHIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS


4 — Railroad

NOTE — Remove any voided invoices, creditmemoranda, etc. from the files, if possible, beforeestimating the total number of shipments.

Item E SOURCE DOCUMENT

Please mark (X) the main document that youwill use to obtain the requested information.

1 Sales invoices

2 Bills of lading

CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE. —

Number ofshipments

Mark (X)one(2)

"Take every" number

(3)

Expectedsample size

(4)(1)

0–40

41—100

101—200

201—400

401—800

801—1600

2

5

10

20

40

Call Census1–800–528–3049

1–40

20—50

20—40

20—40

20—40

20—40

Select every shipment

1601 ormore

3 Other — Specify

Continued


Page 3FORM CFS-2000 (7-7-93)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15


If 176 is entered in 1, mark (X) the third row of thetable. The "Take every" number is 5. Begin countingwith the first shipment in the file and select the 5th

5. Sample validation — After sample selection is done,compare the number of selected shipments to theexpected sample size in column (4). If the number ofselected shipments is above or below the range,recheck the sample selection.

EXAMPLE:

SAMPLE SELECTION INSTRUCTIONS — Continued

Ha

zard

ou

sm

ate

ria

l? (

Y/N



codes shownbelow. C

on

tain

eri

zed

?(Y

/N)

Ori

gin

co

de

(h) (i) (j) (k)

(l) (o)



City State ZIP Code


City

Lin

e N

o.

(p)E

xp

ort

? (

Y/N

)(m)

Ex

po

rt m

od

e

(n)Country

8 — Air 0 — Unknown

4. Note the "Take every" number in column (3) next tothe "X" you marked in column (2). Beginning with thefirst shipment in the file for the period, count theshipments until you reach the "Take every" number.Select that shipment as the first one to report on initem F.

Continuing with the next shipment, begin countingfrom 1 until you reach the "Take every" number again.Select that shipment. Continue this process until youreach the end of the file.


7 — Pipeline 9 — Other mode

NOTE – If your sample of shipments includes anyvoided invoices, credit memoranda, etc., write "VOID"in column (b) for that shipment. Leave the rest of theline blank.

shipment to report in Item F. Now beginning with the

6th shipment, count off 5 more, and select the 10thshipment. Resume counting with the 11th and selectthe 15th, 20th shipment, etc. until you reach the end ofthe file. You will have selected 35 shipments to reporton in Item F.


Lin

e N

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Shipment

NumberDate

Total



16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

Commodity

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(e) (f) (g)M D

36

37

38

39

40



Page 4 FORM CFS-2000 (7-7-93)

Mil. Thou. Dol.



4 — Railroad

Continued


Ha

zard

ou

sm

ate

ria

l? (

Y/N

)

Domesticmode(s) oftransport


codes shownbelow. C

on

tain

eri

zed

?(Y

/N)

Ori

gin

co

de

(h) (i) (j) (k)

(l) (o)



City State ZIP Code


City


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Page 5FORM CFS-2000 (7-7-93)

(p)

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17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

Ex

po

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Y/N

)

(m)

Ex

po

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od

e

(n)Country





41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

Page 6 FORM CFS-2000 (7-7-93)

Lin

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Shipment

NumberDate

Total



Commodity

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(e) (f) (g)M D



Mil. Thou. Dol.



4 — Railroad

Item G AVAILABILITY AND USE OF ON-SITE SHIPPING FACILITIES

Continued

In column (b), mark "Yes" or "No" for each type of shipping facility to indicate whether or not this type of facilityexisted on-site during 1993. For each "Yes" in column (b), mark "Yes" or "No" in column (c) to indicate whether ornot you used the facility on your premises for outbound shipments during 1993.

Type of shipping facility

(a)

Was a shipping facility of this typeon your premises during 1993?

Did you use this facility on yourpremises for outbound shipmentsduring 1993?

1. Rail siding

Waterway dock, Great Lakes

Waterway dock, inland water

Airport/landing strip capable ofhandling your shipments

Pipeline terminal

Yes

No

(b) (c)

2.

3.

5.

6.

Yes

No

Waterway dock, deep sea water4.

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2


Page 7FORM CFS-2000 (7-7-93)

Ha

zard

ou

sm

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ria

l? (

Y/N



codes shownbelow. C

on

tain

eri

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?(Y

/N)

Ori

gin

co

de

(h) (i) (j) (k)

(l) (o)



City State ZIP Code


City

Lin

e N

o.

(p)

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50E

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? (

Y/N

)

(m)

Ex

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(n)Country




Item H USE OF OFF-SITE SHIPPING FACILITIES

In column (b), mark "Yes" or "No" for each type of shipping facility to indicate whether or not you used an off-sitefacility of that type for outbound shipments during 1993. For those marked "Yes", enter the miles to that off-sitefacility in column (c), and the mode of transport used to reach that facility in column (d). The modes are listed below.

Type of shipping facility

(a)

Did you use this type of off-sitefacility for outboundshipments during 1993?

Distance to the off-site facility of thistype that you used most in 1993

1. Rail siding

Waterway dock, Great Lakes

Waterway dock, inland water

Airport/landing strip capable of handling your shipments

Pipeline terminal

Yes

No

(b) (c)

2.

3.

5.

6.

Waterway dock, deep sea water

4.

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

(Report in miles - estimates areacceptable)

Mode of transport used to reach that facility

(d)

(Enter a code from the list below)


1 – Trailer on Flat Car (TOFC)

2 – Private Truck

3 – For-Hire Truck

4 – Rail

7 – Air

8 – Other

5 – Water

6 – Pipeline

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2


Page 8 FORM CFS-2000 (7-7-93)

Item I USE AND AVAILABILITY OF TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT

During 1993, did this location use any of the following types of equipment for outbound shipments? Please check yes or no. For eachequipment type in Item 1 below enter the approximate percentage of your total outbound rail shipments that used that type of railcar. These percentages should add to 100%. If you had no rail shipments, leave the percentages blank.

Equipment

(a)

Was this type of equipmentused for outbound shipments

during 1993?

Percentage of total rail shipments

1. Rail cars that:

Your company owned/leased

Trucks with 6 or more tires ortruck-tractors that:

Aircraft that your company owned or leased

Barges that your company owned or leased

Yes

No

(b) (c)

a.

2.

4.

5.

Truck trailers that your company owned or leased3.

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

A common carrier owned/leasedb.

Another party owned/leased (e.g. receiver)c.

Your company owneda.

Your company leased, with driverb.

Your company leased, without driverc.

Other equipment that your company owned or leased – Specify6.

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Item J

During 1993, who generally decided on the mode of transportation for your outbound shipments? Mark (X) appropriate box.

Your company Receiver of shipment Other

Remarks

Name of person to contact regarding this report – Please print

Signature

Telephone number – Include area code Date

Title

Item K CERTIFICATION

TRANSPORTATION DECISIONS

1 2 3

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2