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CEMIE-Redes

Table 5

Technologies for Distribution Management

Discussion topics, background and questions

Cuernavaca, Morelos, México

September 2018

Contents

1 TECHNOLOGIES FOR DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT ................................. 3

1.1 Description of working group .................................................................... 3

1.2 Background .............................................................................................. 4

1.2.1 Distribution Management ...................................................................... 6

1.2.2 Architecture Model ................................................................................ 6

1.2.3 Cybersecurity ........................................................................................ 8

1.2.4 Standardization ..................................................................................... 9

1.2.5 Human Resource Training .................................................................. 10

1.2.6 Technology Megatrends ...................................................................... 11

1.3 Guide questions for panelists ................................................................. 11

1.4 Program .................................................................................................. 13

1.5 Panelists proposed ................................................................................. 17

3

Table 5 - Technologies for Distribution Management

1. TECHNOLOGIES FOR DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT

1.1. Description of working group

This document describes the main topics addressed by the Working Group 5 “Technologies

for Distribution Management”, as well as background and technological trends for Electricity

Distribution Management in the international context. A set of guiding questions are proposed

to panelists to be answered or commented in the workshop in order to facilitate the identification

of the national priorities.

The Working Group 5 aims to identify the main challenges and priorities to incorporate new

technologies in processes for the Management of the Electric Distribution Power System

(General Distribution Networks or RGD by its acronym in Spanish).

The Working Group 5 considers two panels; topics of interest include, but are not limited to,

the following:

1. Technologies for Distribution Operation and Management.

o Advanced Distribution Automation (ADA) (technologies, barriers and limitations).

o Weather, Demand and Distributed Generation forecast. Optimization

techniques.

o Operation Planning and Operation Management (short and very short term).

o Distribution Operation Modeling and Analysis (DOMA).

o Distribution losses reduction.

o Adaptive protections.

o Energy Quality (EQ).

o Big Data and Analytics (BDA).

o Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning.

o Predictive and prescriptive models for information on the Distribution processes.

o Demand Response (DR) and Demand Side Management (DSM).

2. Technologies for Power Distribution Planning.

o Forecast in the medium and long-term of the Distributed Generation capacity,

energy and demand. Optimization techniques.

o Planning strategies for transport electrification.

o Capacity to integrate microgrids in the Distribution Networks.

o New configurations of Distribution Networks.

o Network analysis and optimal power flows.

o Automation of Distribution planning methodologies.

o Simulation models considering the transport electrification, renewable integration

and sustainable electric microgrids.

o Electrification of remote communities.

4


Additionally, a transversal topics panel is included: "Transversal Information and

Communications Technologies (ICT) to promote the development of the Smart Grid" this

Cross-Working Group panel is included in a plenary session with the following main topics:

3. Transversal Topics in plenary session.

o Enterprise architecture.

o Communications networks for Information Technologies (IT) and Operation

Technologies (OT).

o IT and OT cybersecurity.

o Interoperability and semantic interoperability.

o Geographical information systems.

1.2. Background

World electrical energy consumption is increasing at the rate of 1.4%/year1, with an associated

increase in greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions that negatively affecting the climate around

the globe. Thus, a fundamental transformation of the world’s power systems is under way to

deliver zero-emissions power to an increasingly electricity-hungry world2.

For example, eighteen cities in the United States have committed to maximize renewable

energy consumption up to 100%. California, which now gets only about 25% of its energy from

renewable energy, has signed to cut emissions to 40% below 1990 levels by 20303.

Meeting this challenge requires a transition from the power grid that today relies on coal and

gas power plants, to a future grid that can be largely powered by decentralized renewable

energy sources, and which can dynamically adjust supply and demand in order to handle the

intermittency of solar and wind power4.

The Smart Grids Innovation Challenge – Mission Innovation, stablishes that Smart grid

implementation involves a series of actions, which starts with innovation in technology to

address the interfacing issues related to renewable energy sources, implementing models and

studying various shortcomings related to the different sub systems such as energy storage,

on/off grid operations, integration of large amount of decentralized renewable power in

distribution networks and developing technologies at the level of consumers for demand side

management (demand response)5.

The Smart Grid Innovation Challenge aims, over the next decade, to develop and demonstrate

the use of smart grid technologies and storage in a variety of grid applications, including the

demonstration of robust, reliable operation of MW-sized micro grids in diverse geographic

1 International Energy Outlook 2016, May 11, 2016, Washington, D.C. 2 Smart Grids Innovation Challenge – Mission Innovation, 2018, (http://mission-innovation.net/our-work/innovation-challenges/smart-grids-challenge/). 3 L.A.’s Quest to Cut Fossil Fuels”, The New York Times, Editorial (http://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/10/12/opinion/las-quest-to-cut-fossil-fuels.html?smid=tw-share&referer=https://t.co/7SrgcbYeva). 4 Smart Grids Innovation Challenge – Mission Innovation, 2018, (http://mission-innovation.net/our-work/innovation-challenges/smart-grids-challenge/). 5 Smart Grids Innovation Challenge – Mission Innovation, 2018, (http://mission-innovation.net/our-work/innovation-challenges/smart-grids-challenge/).

http://mission-innovation.net/our-work/innovation-challenges/smart-grids-challenge/

http://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/10/12/opinion/las-quest-to-cut-fossil-fuels.html?smid=tw-share&referer=https://t.co/7SrgcbYeva



5


conditions. By 2030, the objective is to develop technology solutions that can accommodate

100% renewable based power plants in large-scale scenarios across the globe6.

During 2017 the Mexican Secretariat of Energy (SENER by its acronym in Spanish), published

the latest version of the Smart Grid Program7, stablishing projects that could be developed by

the National Energy Control Center (CENACE by its acronym in Spanish), Transporters

(Transmission Operators) and Distributors (Distribution Operators), in the short, medium and

long terms.

The Mexican Electricity Industry Law (LIE by its acronym in Spanish) considers as a

fundamental premise the deployment of Smart Grids to improve efficiency, reliability, quality

and safety of the National Power System. Smart Grids must incorporate advanced

measurement, monitoring, communication and operation technologies, among others, to

enable open and not improperly discriminatory access to the National Power System

(Transmission and Distribution power systems), allowing the integration of clean and

renewable energy 8.

In the document9, the vision of the Distribution Operator is established, which states that the

Smart Grid will ensure the operation of the Electric Distribution Power System in conditions of

Efficiency, Quality, Reliability, Cybersecurity and Sustainability in an economically feasible

way. The goal is to guarantee the order and capacity of the Electric Distribution Power System

(RGD by its acronym in Spanish), to operate in optimal conditions of technical losses. This

operation must ensure the correct measurement and data acquisition, restauration of non-

failed sections in medium voltage circuits in less than 5 minutes, implementation of

interoperability strategies in distribution systems, reduction of operation and maintenance costs

through asset management strategies, and the guarantee of open and not improperly

discriminatory access to the Distributed Generation and load centers (such as electric

vehicles), by:

• Increasing the reliability of Electric Distribution Power System.

• Reducing energy losses in Distribution.

• Increasing the Energy Quality and electric power.

• Operating the processes with new technologies that allow cost reduction.

In the same way, the projects that the Distribution Operator could continue implementing in

their respective processes are described, which include, remote operation and automatism in

Distribution networks; Geographical Information System of the Distribution networks;

Advanced Measurement Infrastructure. In the same document, three fundamental principles

are stablished for the objectives achievement: Smart Grid Enterprise Architecture, enterprise

telecommunications and Cybersecurity.

6 Smart Grids Innovation Challenge – Mission Innovation, 2018, (http://mission-innovation.net/our-work/innovation-challenges/smart-grids-challenge/). 7 SENER, Programa de Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes, México 2017. 8 SENER, Programa de Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes, México 2017. 9 SENER, Programa de Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes, México 2017.


6


The document10 defines two Smart Grid projects for the Distribution Operator:

• Energy balance management of the Distribution networks for the Electricity Market in

Mexico (MEM by its acronym in Spanish).

• Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS).

1.2.1. Distribution Management

Traditionally, in Distribution utilities, the processes for Distribution Management has been

supported by various technologies that enable a large number of functions. With Smart Grids,

new functional capacities are incorporated allowing the integration of advanced functions,

including some new ones that evolve with the penetration of the Electricity Market and the

integration of renewable energies. Among the main technological trends in this context, are:

New generation of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA); Outage Management

System (OMS); Workforce Management System (WFM) and Mobile Workforce Management

(MWM); Distribution Management System (DMS) and Advanced Distribution Management

System (ADMS); Distribution Operation Modeling and Analysis (DOMA); Demand Response

Management System (DRMS); Substation Automation System (SAS), Feeder Automation

System (FAS), Fault location, isolation and service restoration (FLISR) and Advanced

Distribution Automation (ADA); VARs and Voltage and Control (VVC); Electrical Energy

Storage System (EESS); Distributed Energy Resources Management System (DERMS); Big

Data and Analytics; Advanced Measurement Infrastructure (AMI) and Measurement Data

Management System (MDM); Asset Management System (AMS); Interactive Voice Response

System (IVR); Load modeling and forecasting; Distributed Generation, Power and Energy

forecasting system; Microgrids management system (interconnection and controlled isolation);

among others.

1.2.2. Architecture Model

The Smart Grid implementation must be orderly, comprehensive and exhaustive; it must

consider all actors involved, interested, organisms and regulators, as well as the applicable

standards, methodologies, technologies, laws and regulations. To achieve such broad

objectives in an integral manner, it is necessary to start the process by defining a general

architecture, in which the foundations to support the functional operations that should be part

of the strategy are well defined.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) defined the architecture for the

interactions between seven domains of the Smart Grid11. The NIST model is a reference

framework for the unified definition of the components that will integrate the Smart Grid vision;

it is a widely accepted framework that includes an important identification of standards ready

to be adopted and the definition of the interoperability strategy to achieve adequate interaction

between all components in all domains.

10 SENER, Programa de Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes, México 2017. 11 NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 3.0, September 2014.

7


Main view of the NIST Smart Grid conceptual model. Source: NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid

Interoperability Standards, 2014.

As part of the evolution of the model towards global standardization, the European Commission

jointly with the CEN-CENELEC-ETSI institutions, developed the Smart Grid Architecture Model

(SGAM), which is based on the NIST, GWAC and TOGAF models, among others. The SGAM

has been adopted by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in the IEC 62357-1

standard12.

12 IEC 62357-1 TR Ed.2. “Power systems management and associated information exchange – Part 1: Reference architecture” (IEC, 2016).

8


Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM). Source: IEC 62357-1 TR Ed.2. (IEC, 2016).

1.2.3. Cybersecurity

The “Cyber Security Metrics for the Electric Sector” framework13 developed by EPRI seeks to

answer the following questions:

• How can the electric power industry scientifically measure cyber security risks and the

effectiveness of cyber security controls based on quantitative, repeatable data?

• What metrics should be calculated and what data is required to calculate the metrics?

• Is there a way to standardize the metrics for industry-level data aggregation and bench-

marking?

The following figure summarizes the hierarchical organization of 59 proposed metrics, 3 at the

strategic level, 11 at the tactical level and 45 at the operational level.

13 EPRI, Cyber Security Metrics for the Electric Sector, 2017.

9


Cyber Security Metrics Pyramid. Source: EPRI (2017).

Approximately 120 to 150 data points provide the quantitative foundation for the metrics,

consisting of operational statistics collected from various points in utility operations14.

This framework considers the Cyber Security Framework (CSF)15 of National Institute of

Standards and Technology (NIST), NERC CIP, NIST SP 800-53 and NISTIR 7628 standards,

as well as the Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2)16.

1.2.4. Standardization

There are many standards, recommendations and best practices for the Smart Grid

implementation; many of them were not explicitly developed for the Smart Grid, but they are of

high value to achieve its aims and functions. Particularly, IEEE and IEC have more than 200

standards available. Other institutions such as W3C, IETF, ANSI, NIST and NERC have many

specifications, recommendations and guides, in addition to laws and regulations applicable to

each country.

Next figure shows a Smart Grid Standards Map made by International Electrotechnical

Commission (IEC). It is a dynamic map organized by domains (as defined by NIST and SGAM).

This map allows an agile overview of ready standards, in order to be considered as part of the

Smart Grid strategy and vision.

14 EPRI, Cyber Security Metrics for the Electric Sector, 2017. 15 NIST, Cyber Security Framework, (https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework). 16 DOE, The Electricity Subsector C2M2 (ES-C2M2), (https://www.energy.gov/ceser/activities/cybersecurity-critical-energy-infrastructure/energy-sector-cybersecurity-0-0)

https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework

https://www.energy.gov/ceser/activities/cybersecurity-critical-energy-infrastructure/energy-sector-cybersecurity-0-0

10


IEC Smart Grid Standards Map. Source: IEC web site, available in www.iec.ch. (IEC, 2018)

1.2.5. Human Resource Training

In the area of human resource training, it has been estimated that Mexico needs to train a

minimum of 135,000 high-level experts and technicians in different specialties over the next

four years to meet the requirements of the Energy Sector17.

Currently, different technologies are being applied for training of highly specialized human

resources, from full and partial scope simulators, training systems with virtual reality (immersive

and non-immersive), augmented reality, mixed reality, to platforms such as Massive Online

Open Courses (MOOC).

17 SENER, Programa estratégico de formación de recursos humanos en materia energética, December 15, 2014.

http://www.iec.ch/

11


1.2.6. Technology Megatrends

In a broader context that influences the technological development applicable to the processes

of Distribution Management, the following megatrends has been identified:

• Big Data & Analytics (BDA).

• Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Everything (IoE) or Internet of Energy.

• Cybersecurity, data protection, and privacy.

• Cloud Computing.

• Active user participation (producer/consumer - prosumer).

• Energy management (residential, commercial and industrial).

• Renewable energy integration.

• Energy storage.

• Impact of climate change on business models.

• IT and OT integration.

1.3. Guide questions for panelists

Questions for panelists:

1. What are the main commitments of the Distribution utility that could be supported

through the Smart Grid technologies?

2. What are the main benefits and barriers for the incorporation of new technology in the

processes of Distribution Management?

3. Industrial processes in general and electrical in particular, are generating a large amount

of data that is becoming very difficult to manage in order to obtain the highest possible

value for the utility. What is the best strategy for the management of a large amount of

data and the application of advanced tools for processing and analyzing big and small

data?

4. What new analytical, statistical or heuristic models should be considered to face current

and future challenges in Distribution Management?

5. What strategies, technologies, models and systems should be developed and applied

in the near future to achieve the objectives in terms of reducing losses in Distribution

networks?

6. What characteristics should the demonstration projects have in order to obtain the

experience that will allow the results to be scaled up to a Smart Grid technology

deployment strategy?

7. The Distribution Management process must be prepared to face the challenge of

transport electrification, the integration of clean renewable energies and sustainable

electric micro-grids. What tools, mechanisms and knowledge have to be considered,

developed and evolved to face this challenge in a safe, reliable and profitable way for

Distribution networks?

8. With the Smart Grid, the Distribution Planning process is facing the evolution in the

integration of Distributed Generation. What are the new requirements that are added to

the traditional Planning tools?

12


Questions for transversal topics panel:

9. In the context of cybersecurity for IT and OT, what is the current and future strategy with

the incorporation or adoption of the Smart Grid?

10. Which are the most relevant criteria that must be taken into account in order to define

and adopt a practical and flexible enterprise architecture that maximizes the benefits of

the Smart Grid in a Distribution Utility?

11. What strategies, standards and interoperability best practices should be considered for

the integration of advanced functions to support the Distribution Management

processes?

12. The georeferenced digitalization of the Distribution network is an arduous task and

requires information maintenance strategies to maintain its value over time. What

information maintenance and new data incorporation strategies need to be implemented

in GIS systems (approach to the Smart Grid in a Distribution utility)?

13


1.4. Program

September 18, 2018

PANEL 3:

Transversal Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) to promote the development of the Smart Grid

(Plenary Session)

HOURS ACTIVITIES TOPICS GUIDE QUESTION FOR PANELISTS

14:00 - 15:30 h

LUNCH • Enterprise architecture.

• Communications networks in Information Technologies (IT) and Operation Technologies (OT).

• IT and OT cybersecurity.

• Interoperability and semantic interoperability.

• Geographical information systems.

• In the context of cybersecurity for IT and OT, what is the current and future strategy with the incorporation or adoption of the Smart Grid?

• Which are the most relevant criteria that must be taken into account in order to define and adopt a practical and flexible enterprise architecture that maximizes the benefits of the Smart Grid in a Distribution Utility?

• What strategies, standards and interoperability best practices should be considered for the integration of advanced functions to support the Distribution Management processes?

• The georeferenced digitalization of the Distribution network is an arduous task and requires information maintenance strategies to maintain its value over time. What information maintenance and new data incorporation strategies need to be implemented in GIS systems (approach to the Smart Grid in a Distribution utility)?

15:30 -

15.50 h Prasad Enjeti

15:50 -

16.10 h

Pavel Galván García

16:10 -

16:30 h

Luis Carlos Molina Félix

16:30 -

16:50 h

Iván Olivera Romero

16:50 - 17:10 h

Geoff Zeiss

17:10 - 17:40 h

Questions to panelists

14


September 19, 2018. Working Group 5 “Technologies for Distribution Management”

PANEL 1:

Technologies for Distribution Operation and Management


09:00 - 09:30 h

Presentation, objectives and

roles

• Advanced Distribution Automation (ADA)

(technologies, barriers and limitations).

• Weather, Demand and Distributed Generation

forecast. Optimization techniques.

• Operation Planning and Management (short and very

short term).

• Distribution Operation Modeling and Analysis

(DOMA).

• Distribution losses reduction.

• Adaptive protections.

• Energy Quality (EQ).

• Big Data and Analytics (BDA).

• Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning.

• Predictive and prescriptive models for information on

the Distribution processes.

• Demand Response (DR) and Demand Side

Management (DSM).

• What are the main commitments of the Distribution utility that could

be supported through the Smart Grid technologies?

• What are the main benefits and barriers for the incorporation of new

technology in the processes of Distribution Management?

• Industrial processes in general and electrical in particular, are

generating a large amount of data that is becoming very difficult to

manage in order to obtain the highest possible value for the utility.

What is the best strategy for the management of a large amount of

data and the application of advanced tools for processing and

analysis big and small data?

• What new analytical, statistical or heuristic models should be

considered to face current and future challenges in Distribution

Management?

• What strategies, technologies, models, and systems should be

developed and applied in the near future to achieve the objectives in

terms of reducing losses in Distribution networks?

• What characteristics should the demonstration projects have in

order to obtain the experience that will allow the results to be scaled

up to a Smart Grid technology deployment strategy?

09:30 - 10:00 h

José Antonio Vega García

10:00 - 10:30 h

Andrej Souvent

10:30 - 11:00 h

Eduardo Francisco

Caicedo Bravo

11:00 - 11:30 h

Jean Leon Eternod

11:30 - 11:50 h

BREAK

15


PANEL 2:

Technologies for Distribution Planning


11:50 -12:30 h

Guillermo Arizmendi Gamboa

• Forecast in the medium and long-term of the Distributed Generation capacity, energy and demand. Optimization techniques.

• Planning strategies for transport electrification.

• Capacity to integrate microgrids in the Distribution Networks.

• New configurations of Distribution Networks.

• Network analysis and optimal power flows.

• Automation of Distribution planning methodologies.

• Simulation models considering the transport electrification, renewable integration and sustainable electric microgrids.

• Electrification of remote communities.

• The Distribution Management process must be prepared to face the

challenge of transport electrification, the integration of clean

renewable energies and sustainable electric micro-grids. What tools,

mechanisms and knowledge have to be considered, developed and

evolved to face this challenge in a safe, reliable and profitable way

for Distribution networks?

• With the Smart Grid, the Distribution Planning process is facing the

evolution in the integration of Distributed Generation. What are the

new requirements that are added to the traditional Planning tools?

• What characteristics should the demonstration projects have in

order to obtain the experience that will allow the results to be scaled

up to a Smart Grid technology deployment strategy?

12:30 - 13:00 h

Juan Manuel Gers

13:00 - 13.30 h

Hugo Castro

13:30 - 14:00 h

Questions to panelists and conclusions

14:00 - 15:30 h

LUNCH

PANEL 1 and 2: Technologies for Distribution Operation and Management; Technologies for Distribution Planning

HOURS ACTIVITIES TOPICS

15:30 - 16:45 h Session for national priorities Priority topics identification for Smart Grid in Mexico.

16:45 - 17:00 h BREAK

17:00 - 18:00 h Session for national priorities and strategic

projects CEMIE-Redes. Initiatives identification for strategic projects.

16


September 20, 2018. Working Group 5 “Technologies for Distribution Management”

Session for national priorities and strategic projects


09:00 -

09:20 h

Presentation, objectives and roles

• Priority topics identification for Smart Grid in Mexico.

• Initiatives identification for strategic projects.

• Stakeholder identification for each initiative.

• Project leader identification, responsible to fulfill each strategic project proposal (according to CONACYT contents).

• Agreements and next steps for each strategic project.

• What priority topics of Smart Grids in México were identified as part of the needs expressed by the panelists?

• What technologies, strategies, methodologies, standards and best international practices are seen as feasible to be applied in México to address the identified priority topics?

• What time horizon is considered adequate for the development/implementation of each pilot project in México?

• What is the estimated cost of each solution identified?

• Which institutions should / can participate or contribute to the development of each identified solution?

09:20 -

11:30 h

Session for national priorities and strategic

projects

11:30 -

11:50 h BREAK

11:50 -

14:00 h

Session for fulfill the project initiatives

format for strategic projects

14:00 -

15:30 h LUNCH

15:30 -

17:00 h Presentation of strategic projects initiatives for all working groups (plenary session)

17:00 -

17:15 h BREAK

07:15 -

18:00 h Workshop closing and remarks

18:00 h End of the workshop

17


1.5. Panelists proposed

Panel 1: Technologies for Distribution Operation and Management

1. José Antonio Vega García, Head of Distribution Operation Department, CFE-Distribución

(México).

2. Andrej Souvent, Elektroinstitut Milan Vidmar, Head of Electric Power System Control and

Operation Department (Slovenia).

3. Eduardo Francisco Caicedo Bravo, Director of Perception and Intelligent Systems Group,

Universidad del Valle, (Colombia).

4. Jean Leon Eternod, SEL LATAM Technologies Director (México).

Panel 2: Technologies for Distribution Planning

1. Guillermo Arizmendi Gamboa, Head of Distribution Planning Department, CFE-Distribución

(México).

2. Juan Manuel Gers, GERS Inc., Distribution Analysis and Planning (USA).

3. Hugo Castro, ETAP, VP Automation Services at Operation Technology Inc. (USA).

Panel 3: Transversal Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) to promote the development

of the Smart Grid

1. Prasad Enjeti, Texas A&M University College of Engineering (USA)

2. Pavel Galván García, Head of TICs Department, CFE-Distribución (México).

3. Luis Carlos Molina Félix, Laboratorio Privado Big Data (México).

4. Iván Olivera Romero, Director of Technology Development, INAOE (México).

5. Geoff Zeiss, Principal at Between the Poles, GIS expert, Enterprise geospatial solutions for the

utilities (Canada).

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