celtic mythology
DESCRIPTION
Overview of gods and goddesses of Celtic mythology.TRANSCRIPT
Celtic Mythology
The Gaels, Gauls, Britons, Irish, and Galatians were all Celtic.
7th or 8th century B.C. First evident.
Romans name: Galli and the Greeks name: Keltoi– both meaning barbarians.
3rd to 5th century B.C. Occupied much of Europe north of the Alps.
2nd to 3rd century B.C.Arrived in British Island and Ireland, probably displacing and absorbing exiting tribes.
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The Book of Invasions
This mythology roughly parallel migrations of various people groups to Ireland.
Leabhar Gahbala
• Partholonians• Nemedians• Formorians• Fir Bolg• Tuatha de
Danann• Milesians
Pseudo-history.
One group of gods conquers the older group ReflectsInvasions of one people group after another
Tuatha De DanannMeans Tribes of the Gods
equivalent to Greek Olympians
Formorians equivalent to greek Titans
Mother GoddessWaters, Fertility,
Abundance & Protection
Mother of the Tuatha de Dannan
Danu
Bile
Shining one“Sacred Tree”
Welsh: King Beli MawrGreek: Zeus
Spring holiday “Beltane” build a bonfire to celebrate spring.
daghdha
Eochaidh Ollathair – The All Father
God of earth, magic, time, protector of crops
Symbols:ClubCauldronHarp
Unique to Irish Pantheon
HARPDuring a war, a rival tribe stole Dagda’s harp and took it to an abandoned castle. Dagda followed the tribe and called to the harp. The harp came to Dagda and he struck the chords. The harp let out the Music of Tears and everyone in the castle began to cry. Dagda struck the chords again and the harp played the Music of Mirth and all the warriors began to laugh. Then, Dagda struck the chords a final time and the harp let out the Music of Sleep. Everyone but Dagda fell into a deep sleep, allowing him to escape with his magical harp unharmed.
Harp continues to be a Celtic symbol
BRIGIDThree daughters of Daghdha
Goddess of Sovereignty, Fertility, Poetry,Craftsmanship.Healing.
Fire
Welsh: Cerridwyn
Angus or aengus og
God of love, beauty, dreams
Son of DaghdhaLover of Caer
Symbols:HarpFour white birds
Unique to Irish Pantheon
Mannan mac lir
God of the Sea
Otherworld
NUADAGod of War, weapons, oceans, poetry, writing, magic
First Leader, kingSilver handAbilities :LeadershipInvincible Sword
Welsh – NuddBritish – NodensRoman – NeptuneNorse – Tyr (also lost a hand)
Read his story here
Dian cecht
God of healing
Abilities:CraftsHealing
Welsh – Bran the BlessedGreek – Apollo
LugH
Sun godAbilities: Champion (battle), Craftsman,Poet, Historian,Sorcerer
Symbol & gift –Long Spear
Read his story here
The Morrigan Goddess of battle, strife, fertility, fate
Abilities: Assist or hinder warriorsSovereignty
Symbol: Raven
One of the Babd trioWelshSimilar to: Valkyries
Eponia
Eponia also worshipped by Germans and RomansWelsh – Rhiannon(ushered dead into afterlife)Greek - Demeter
Goddess of Horses, Fertility, Crops
Symbols: Cornucopia, Crops
balor
God of deathOne-eyed giant (The Greeks had those too!)
Fomorian – Evil Giants (similar to the Titans or Frost Giants)
Welsh - Ysbaddaden, Chief of Giants
Read his story here
donn
Lord of the dead
Father of the Irish race
Millesian – came after the Tuatha de Danann
Welsh celtic mythology
Otherworld
avalonWelsh called their Otherworld Annwyn or Afallon.
Eventually the Arthurian Legends called it Avalon.
faeries
Sidhe– a portal into the Otherworld, a parallel universe where fairy folk dwell.
The myth is that the Tuatha de Danann retreated to the otherworld and appear in this one as fairies
Leprechauns
Tricksters
Spend most of their time making shoes.
banshee
Fairy woman who screams when someone is about to die.
Scottish – Bean Nighe
Stone of destiny
• Stone of Destiny is used as part of the coronation ceremony for kings of Ireland and Britain. The Irish stone sits on a hill at Tara. The mainland stone was brought by Gaels from Ireland to Scotland and resided in Scone. It’s travelled over the British isles between Britain, Scotland, Wales. In 1996 it was returned to Scotland and sits with the crown jewels in Edinburgh Castle
Cu Chulainn
Celtic HeroAKA Setana
Strong, brave ( like Achilles)
Demi-god son of Lugh
Also known as the Hound of Chulainn
The hound of culann
Finn Mac Cool
AKA FIONN MAC CUMHAILL
Giant hunter-warrior
The Fianna
druid
“OAK – KNOWER”Priests of Celtic religion
MythologySeers, magicians, wizards, foretell future, shape-shifters
Tales with welsh celtic roots
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
King Arthur