cell-cell interactions · ap biology interactions between cells gap junction desmosome tight...
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AP Biology
Cell-Cell Interactions
AP Biology
Tissues
AP Biology
Levels of Organization
AP Biology
Cells stick together to form tissue
AP Biology
Levels of Organization How do individual cells “connect” to
form tissue?
AP Biology
Interactions between cells
Gap junction Desmosome Tight junction Which is anchoring and why?
Which is involved in permeability between cells and how is that permeability mediated?
Which is a communication junction?
Which is most similar to the plasmodesmata (in plants) and why?
AP Biology
Plasma membranes can join together to form tight junctions
Adherens junctions membranes “glued” together by proteins
- pass through both membranes and attach to cytoskeletons
Desmosomes proteins “button” two membranes together
Transport across membranes
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Cells of the proximal renal tubule of the kidney where filtration often takes place have few
fusion sites to allow for leakability, whereas, cells of the urinary bladder (that must hold
urine and not allow it to leak out) contains numerous fusion sites or tight junctions to form
a seal to prevent the flow of materials between epithelial cells.
Tight Junctions Zonulae Occludens
forms a band completely around
the cell fusing cells together and
closing off intercellular space
Fusion site #
often correlates to “leakiness” Fewer fusion sites greater
permeability to water and solutes
More fusion sites less permeable…
How would the # Of fusion sites
Affect permeability?
In what organs would you
expect few fusion sites?
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Tight Junctions Proteins interact
to form tight
junctions
You do not need to know these specific proteins.
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Gap Junctions A gap between neighboring cell membranes
Gap Junction (communicating junction)
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Gap Junctions
Connexin surrounds the pore,
- acts like a hydrophilic ion channel between cells
Individual unit of the gap junction = connexon
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Desmosome Anchoring junctions
Does not surround cell
Adhesion is strengthened by
intermediate filaments (keratin)
Hemidesmosome = half a desmosome
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Plant Cell Wall
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Plasmodesmata Intercellular connections between
adjacent plant cells
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Plasmodesmata
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Summary Adhering junctions:
Desmosome & hemidesmosome
Impermeable junctions:
Tight junctions
Communicating junctions:
Gap junctions (and in plants, plasmodesmata)