cctv systems video compression
DESCRIPTION
CCTV SYSTEMSTRANSCRIPT
No Slide Title© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the
event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of
disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
CCTV Digital Basics
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Objectives
Department
Define video compression
Identify and describe different video compression techniques
Describe the different video file formats and their intended uses
Determine the relationships between image capture, compression type, file size and record time
Determine the image capture and compression options for a given need using a reference table
Unit 2 – Video Compression
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Department
Compression terms
Compression – The reducing of digital data by looking at numerical repeating patterns or similarities.
Compression engines – Software tools used to perform file compression.
Algorithms – Special procedures or formulas used by compression engines to calculate and solve repetitive mathematical problems.
Codec – Generic term referring to the software and/or hardware used to transform and/or compress data to signals or signals to data.
(code/decoder or compress/decompress)
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Department
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Benefits of video compression:
Less storage required – allows for more image data in less storage space, reducing file storage cost.
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Department
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Benefits of video compression:
Less storage required – allows for more image data in less storage space, reducing file storage cost.
Faster file transfer rates – allows for increased flexibility and speed in transmitting video data. Reduced transmission bandwidth requirements.
The challenge of video file compression is in achieving the proper balance between file size compression and image quality.
File compression is expressed as a ratio:
Original file size – to – New file size
(such as 30:1)
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 Bytes(1.5 KB)
File size and recording requirements
Video File Type
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
File compression types
Lossy Compression – The loss of some file data by the elimination of redundant or unnecessary information.
Most video compression engines use some sort of ”lossy” compression
Lossless Compression – The reduction of file size in such a way that no data information is lost and is completely restored upon uncompressing.
Often used for software programs, spreadsheets and text data
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Video has two dimensions that can be compressed
1) The individual video files of each frame generated by the camera
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Video has two dimensions that can be compressed
1) The individual video files of each frame generated by the camera.
Intra-frame compression
Also known as
Full Frame Refresh
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Video has two dimensions that can be compressed
2) The sequence of action between the different video frames.
Inter-frame compression
Also known as Conditional Refresh
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Inter-frame compression
Little change between video frames allows for great image compression ratios
High Compression
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
H.320 – A lossy standard mainly for video conferencing, using real-time, two way video transmission. Consists of sub-standards
H.221 – multiplexing, audio, video and control information
H.261 – file coding/decoding and compression techniques (similar to MPEG compression)
H.323 – standards for networks (TCP/IP)
H.324 – standards for analog modem connections and lines
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
JPEG – An intra-frame lossy standard designed for storage of individual frame data files.
Usually use with individual graphic/photo image files
M-JPEG – Applies the individual JPEG compression to the sequence of video frames.
Used widely in security, because of ability to access individual captured frames
Also called Motion-JPEG
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
MPEG – A lossy compression that uses both Inter-frame and Intra-frame alogithms. A family of MPEG compression standards exist:
MPEG-2 – Created for digital TV, and provides a number of quality selection options.
Provides standards for interlacing video frames to meet the needs of broadcast TV, HDTV, and DVD
Requires substantial computing power for compression
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
MPEG-4 – A lossy, Inter-frame compression that is Wavelet based. It uses object coding to identify and separate motion for stationary data.
Primarily designed for streaming media, CD distribution, videophones, and broadcast TV
Compression is good for graphics, text, 2-D and 3-D animation (video gaming).
Wavelet – Uses whole frame, wave form analysis compression. It compares data differences and passes the sum differences along.
Provides high compression with less artifacts
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
JPEG vs. Wavelet Compression
JPEG 40:1
Wavelet 40:1
JPEG 176:1
Wavelet 176:1
Wavelet 1000:1
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Wavelet Intra-frame Full Frame Refresh Lossy
Intra-frame Full Frame Refresh Lossy
Inter-frame Conditional Refresh Lossy
Typical Compression (same quality)
Image quality & Image retrieval
Image quality & Image retrieval
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Answer the review questions
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
CCTV Digital Basics
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Objectives
Department
Define video compression
Identify and describe different video compression techniques
Describe the different video file formats and their intended uses
Determine the relationships between image capture, compression type, file size and record time
Determine the image capture and compression options for a given need using a reference table
Unit 2 – Video Compression
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Department
Compression terms
Compression – The reducing of digital data by looking at numerical repeating patterns or similarities.
Compression engines – Software tools used to perform file compression.
Algorithms – Special procedures or formulas used by compression engines to calculate and solve repetitive mathematical problems.
Codec – Generic term referring to the software and/or hardware used to transform and/or compress data to signals or signals to data.
(code/decoder or compress/decompress)
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Department
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Benefits of video compression:
Less storage required – allows for more image data in less storage space, reducing file storage cost.
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Department
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Benefits of video compression:
Less storage required – allows for more image data in less storage space, reducing file storage cost.
Faster file transfer rates – allows for increased flexibility and speed in transmitting video data. Reduced transmission bandwidth requirements.
The challenge of video file compression is in achieving the proper balance between file size compression and image quality.
File compression is expressed as a ratio:
Original file size – to – New file size
(such as 30:1)
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 Bytes(1.5 KB)
File size and recording requirements
Video File Type
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
File compression types
Lossy Compression – The loss of some file data by the elimination of redundant or unnecessary information.
Most video compression engines use some sort of ”lossy” compression
Lossless Compression – The reduction of file size in such a way that no data information is lost and is completely restored upon uncompressing.
Often used for software programs, spreadsheets and text data
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Video has two dimensions that can be compressed
1) The individual video files of each frame generated by the camera
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Video has two dimensions that can be compressed
1) The individual video files of each frame generated by the camera.
Intra-frame compression
Also known as
Full Frame Refresh
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Video has two dimensions that can be compressed
2) The sequence of action between the different video frames.
Inter-frame compression
Also known as Conditional Refresh
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Inter-frame compression
Little change between video frames allows for great image compression ratios
High Compression
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
H.320 – A lossy standard mainly for video conferencing, using real-time, two way video transmission. Consists of sub-standards
H.221 – multiplexing, audio, video and control information
H.261 – file coding/decoding and compression techniques (similar to MPEG compression)
H.323 – standards for networks (TCP/IP)
H.324 – standards for analog modem connections and lines
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
JPEG – An intra-frame lossy standard designed for storage of individual frame data files.
Usually use with individual graphic/photo image files
M-JPEG – Applies the individual JPEG compression to the sequence of video frames.
Used widely in security, because of ability to access individual captured frames
Also called Motion-JPEG
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
MPEG – A lossy compression that uses both Inter-frame and Intra-frame alogithms. A family of MPEG compression standards exist:
MPEG-2 – Created for digital TV, and provides a number of quality selection options.
Provides standards for interlacing video frames to meet the needs of broadcast TV, HDTV, and DVD
Requires substantial computing power for compression
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
No Compression Color Video (460 TVL) = 650,000 Bytes (65 KB)
Medium Compressed Color Video (Standard resolution) = 15,000 (1.5 KB)
Video compression standards
MPEG-4 – A lossy, Inter-frame compression that is Wavelet based. It uses object coding to identify and separate motion for stationary data.
Primarily designed for streaming media, CD distribution, videophones, and broadcast TV
Compression is good for graphics, text, 2-D and 3-D animation (video gaming).
Wavelet – Uses whole frame, wave form analysis compression. It compares data differences and passes the sum differences along.
Provides high compression with less artifacts
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
JPEG vs. Wavelet Compression
JPEG 40:1
Wavelet 40:1
JPEG 176:1
Wavelet 176:1
Wavelet 1000:1
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 2 – Video Compression
Wavelet Intra-frame Full Frame Refresh Lossy
Intra-frame Full Frame Refresh Lossy
Inter-frame Conditional Refresh Lossy
Typical Compression (same quality)
Image quality & Image retrieval
Image quality & Image retrieval
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Answer the review questions
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital