carrie paige – epa region 6, dallas david cole – epa oaqps, rtp, nc introduction to air permits...
TRANSCRIPT
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Carrie Paige – EPA Region 6, DallasDavid Cole – EPA OAQPS, RTP, NC
Introduction to Air Permits
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What is an air permit?
• Permission to construct (preconstruction) or operate a facility that releases air pollution
• Tool to keep air pollution limited and enforceable
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What air pollutants are addressed in permits?
• 6 NAAQS “Criteria” Pollutants: SO2, PM, CO, O3, NO2, and Pb
• 187 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP)
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Two types of air permits
• New Source Review (NSR) Permits (preconstruction)
• Title V Operating Permits (after construction)
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NSR Permits(preconstruction)
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NSR (preconstruction) Permits
• Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD)– preconstruction review in attainment
areas; CAA Title I, Part C
• Nonattainment NSR– preconstruction review in NAAs– CAA Title I, Part D
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Components of NSR
New Source Review(NSR)
(preconstruction)
Major NSRin attainmentareas (PSD)
Major NSRin
nonattainmentareas (NA NSR)
Minor NSRin all areas
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Why is NSR important?
• Tool for bringing SIPs into compliance with the NAAQS
• Protects national parks and wilderness areas
• Requires control equipment (e.g. scrubber)
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Requirements of PSD
Facilities in a NAAQS attainment area must
• Install Best Available Control Technology (BACT)
• Perform air quality analysis • Perform class I area analysis to
assess impacts on national parks and wilderness areas
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Requirements of NA NSR
Facilities in a nonattainment area must
• Install Lowest Achievable Emission Rate (LAER) technologies
• Obtain emission offsets• Perform alternative site analysis• Show statewide facility compliance
with air regulations10
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When does a facility need a NSR permit?
• If it is a new source of pollution OR
• If it is an existing source of pollution that makes changes that increase emissions (modified)
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How are pre-construction permits connected to the NAAQS and SIPs?
• Typically one part of a SIP or TIP • Designed to
– Help areas that have healthy air quality maintain their air quality
– Help areas that have unhealthy air quality improve their air quality until it meets national standards (NAAQS)
• Federally enforceable when approved into SIP or TIP
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Operating Permits
Part 70 (Title V)
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Operating permit requirements
• Title V of the CAA
• National program delegated to the states; can be delegated to tribes
• Does not impose new requirements but puts all existing requirements in one permit
• 5-year term
• Applies to major sources and sources subject to NSPS, MACT, acid rain, other regulations
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What is the purpose of the Title V operating permits program?
Title V improves compliance and makes enforcement easier
• Roll all applicable requirements, including terms from NSR permits, into one document
• Require reports and certifications• Add source-specific monitoring (sometimes)• Increase public access to permit records• Make terms of title V permits federally
enforceable
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What goes into a Title V permit?
Title V Permit
Title I
Nonattainment
Air Toxics
Title
IV
Acid R
ain
Existin
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Requi
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State PermitPrograms
NS
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Title VII
Enforcement
Contains all applicable requirements
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Permits – public involvement
• All CAA permits require notice and comment period (NSR and Title V)
• Generally, each state requires a minimum of– Publication in a newspaper– 30-day comment period
• Permit Appeals– Follows state mechanism, but each state must have
mechanism for appeal– Generally, only those who commented on original permit
can appeal issuance of permit
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Permitting Process:
Who does what ?
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Who is involved in the permitting process?
Permit Applicant (Company with the Facility)
Permitting Authority
EPA Public
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Citizen suits (CAA Section 304)
• Citizens can directly sue any source for– Violating permits – State or national standards– Constructing a major emitting source without a
permit• Citizens can also sue EPA for failure to perform
a duty that is not discretionary
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Summary
• Preconstruction permits focus primarily on the six criteria pollutants
• PSD permits in attainment areas and nonattainment NSR permits require sources to install pollution controls
• Title V operating permits promote compliance and enforcement
• Title V permits contain all the applicable requirements for a source
• Both preconstruction and operating permits are federally enforceable when EPA approves them 21
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More information
• Next air permits training – Spring 2015• EPA tribal NSR resourceshttp://www.epa.gov/nsr/• EPA’s tribal NSR training webpage (past
training/webinars)http://www.epa.gov/air/tribal/tribalnsrtraining.html• Title V permitting in Indian countryhttp://www.epa.gov/airquality/permits/indperm.html
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Questions?
Carrie PaigeEPA Region 6
David ColeEPA OAQPS
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