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CEEn-CPST-0

Knight Bypass Flow Measurement

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C2K2

Colt SargentClayton PetersonKristen Amendola

Kyler LaRose

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Introduction

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Our objective is to improve the current method of calculating flow through the Knight Diversion. We narrowed our research down to an improved orifice flow method, with a changing orifice constant, and multiple methods using a flow meter.

Our conclusion is that the Sontek IQ Series ultrasonic flow meter is the best option for this situation.

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Project Tasks and Deliverables

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▪ We have developed multiple options for the CUWCD to improve their current method of flow measurement through the Knight Diversion Bypass.

▪ A final report was has been prepared to describe our findings and discuss the suggested improvement methods. This includes a general price estimate for each method.

▪ A poster has been prepared to give a brief overview of our project and final suggestions.

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Design and Analysis

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▪ The current method of calculating flow for the diversion includes aspreadsheet that calculates the flow using the orifice flow equation. Thespreadsheet assumes a coefficient of discharge of 0.7. This constantcoefficient of discharge likely causes erroneous flow measurements.

▪ Using field measurements and collecting field data it is possible to improveupon the current method, by improving the current coefficient of discharge.This means that for each amount the slide gate is open the coefficientwould likely be slightly different.

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Design and Analysis Cont’d

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▪ In order to determine fluid velocity, and subsequent discharge, an ultrasonic flow meter usesreflected ultrasonic sound. Relative motion is determined by a measurement of frequencychange between the ultrasonic source, the receiver, and the fluid carrier. The transmitters sendpulsating ultrasonic waves in a predefined frequency from one side to the other. The differencein frequency is proportional to the average fluid velocity. The current type we would propose is aSontek IQ Ultrasonic Flowmeter including a pipe ring, unit, and data organization software for$10,650.

▪ Magnetic flow meters work by generating a magnetic field through the section of pipe at whichthey are located. When a conductive liquid flows through this field, a voltage signal is created.This can be used to determine the flow. Magmeters are accurate, low maintenance, and ideal fordirty liquids. However, they are the most expensive option we examined.

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Discussion of Results

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▪ By using the District’s current assets that measure flow on the other side of the diversion, the District could estimate the flow out of the bypass line. Then using this estimate, back calculate for a more accurate coefficient of discharge for the orifice flow equation. By obtaining multiple measurements a regression could estimate the coefficient for all opening amounts which are currently monitored by an electronic actuator.

▪ A correctly installed magnetic flowmeter can accurately measure flow through the pipe even when not flowing full. Installation would require excavation and removal of a section of the pipe for the meter to be inserted. This would have to be the most invasive method and would have the highest cost.

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Discussion of Results Cont’d

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▪ Traditional ultrasonic flowmeters would require access to the outside portion of the pipe to install ultrasonic transducers. The more transducers the more accurate the flow measurement. Due to the need to mount transducers the pipe would have to be excavated and a vault installed around the flowmeter. This would greatly increase the price of the project.

▪ The Sontek IQ series instead is installed all inside of the pipe with connecting wires running the rest of the length of the pipe to the end where it is then routed to a data collection point. This avoids unnecessary excavation hassle.

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Conclusions

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▪ When discerning the current method used to calculate flow, it was found that the measurement is an orifice flow equation, which takes into account the percent-open sluice gate and assumes a constant coefficient of discharge. This method can be improved by obtaining different flow measurements from the field, and then back calculating for an estimated coefficient of discharge that would be representative of the sluice line. This is also the cheapest option.

▪ The Magnetic Flow Meter method presents a way to measure flow accurately. This type of meter would require installation on a buried section of the pipe and the cost of installation is high but does not require the time for research that the method above would require. This is the most expensive option.

▪ The Sontek-IQ Series Ultrasonic Flow Meter is the best option. The cost of this meter is low compared to other ultrasonic or magnetic flow meters and provides accurate flow rate readings. The system is compatible with on-site electronic data collection. Since the meter is installed within the pipe, there is no need for external construction either.

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Recommendations

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It is our recommendation that the Central Utah Water Conservancy District install a Sontek-IQ Series ultrasonic flow meter to measure discharge through the sluice line at Knight Diversion Dam. The system is compatible with on-site electronic data collection, as requested. Since the meter is installed within the pipe, there is no need for external construction.

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Any Questions?

The End

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