cap-00 - introduction - copia

8/6/2019 Cap-00 - Introduction - Copia

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emte. M . R AM OSP .T .L .A . - 4 4 0Air lin e Insbu~RA::.212TransportPilot

Study and Prepare for the AirlineTransport Pilot and AircraftDispatcher FAA Knowledge Tests

Effective June 11, 2001 AllFAAAirline Transport Pilot and Aircraft DispatcherQuestions included Organized by subject Answers, Explanations, References and additional studyMaterial included for each chapter Includes the official FAAComputerized TestingSupplement Plus ... helpful tips and instructions for the FAAKnowledge Test

Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc.Newcastle, Washington


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About the Contributors/dine Transport Pilot Test Prep2002 Edition

Aviation ~Sl:!p~i1~s.,&AG~delJlics,Inc.7005 132nd Place SENewcastle," Washington 98059-3153425 235.1500www.asa2fly.com

2001 ASA, IncFAA Questions herein are from United States govern-ment sources and contain current information as of:June 11, 2001.

None of the material in this publication supersedesany documents, procedures or regulations issued by theFederal Aviation AdministrationASA assumes no responsibility for any errors oromissions. Neither is any liabil ity assumed for damagesresulting from the use of the information containedherein.

Important: This Test Prep should be sold with and usedin conjunction with Computerized Testing Supplementfor Airline Transport Pilot and Aircraft Dispatcher(FAA-CT -8080-7B).ASA reprints the FAA test f igures and legends con-tained within this government document, and it is alsosold separately and available from aviation retailersnationwide. Order #ASA-CT-8080-7B

ASA-TP-ATP-02ISBN 1-56027-435-2

Printed in the United States of America02 01 5 4 3 2 1

About ASA:.Aviat ion Suppl ies & Academics, Inc. (ASA) isan industry leader inthe development and saleot'aviatlon sup-plies and publications for pilots, flight instructors, flight engi-neers, and aviation maintenance technicians. We manufactureand publ ish more than 200 products for the aviation industry.Aviators are invi ted to cal l1-800-ASA-2-FL Y for a free copy ofour catalog Visit ASA on the web: www.asa2fly.com

ii ASA 2002 Airline Transport Pilot Test Prep

Charles L. RobertsonAssociate Professor, UND AerospaceUniversity of North DakotaCharles Robertson as flight instructor, associate professor andmanager of training at UND Aerospace, contributes a vital andsubstantial combination of pilot and educator to ASA's review-ing team. After graduating with education degrees from FloridaState University in 1967, and Ball State Universi ty in 1Q 7 5 , he.began his USAF career as Chief of avionics branch, 58th Milhtary Airl ift Squadron, and went on to flight instruction, trainingfor aircraft systems, and airport managing, While gaining manythousands of hours flying international passenger and cargo,aerial refueling and airl ift missions As Division Chief in 1988,Robertson directed the Strategic Air Command's "Alpha AlertForce," coordinating daily flight training operations. H e holdsthe CFI Airplane Land, Multi-Engine, Single-Engine and Instru-ment, the ATP Airplane Land and Multi-Engine, CommercialPilot, Advanced and Instrument Ground Instructor licenses

Jackie SpanitzDirector of Curriculum DevelopmentAviat ion Supplies & Academics, Inc ..Jackie Spanitz earned a bachelor of science degree with West-ern Michigan University (WMU), inAviation Technology and Op-erations-Pilot option. In her masters program at Embry-RiddleAeronautical University, she earned a degree in AeronauticalScience, specializing in Management As Director of CurriculumDevelopment for ASA, Jackie oversees new and existing prod-uct development, ranging from textbooks and flight computersto flight simulation software products, and integration ofthessproducts into new and existing curricula. She provides techni-cal support, research for product development and project man-agement. Jackie holds the CFI Airplane, Land, Single-Engineand Instrument, Commercial Airplane, Land, SinglecEngine,Multi-Engine and Instrument, and Advanced and InstrumentGround Instructor certif icates; she is the author of Guide to theBiennial Flight Review, Private Pilot Syllabus, Instrument Rat-ing Syllabus, and Commercial Pilot Syllabus, and technical edi-tor for ASA's Test Prep series.Cliff SeretanClif f Seretan began flying in 1979 to f ind fulf illment beyond asuccessful management career in state government Over thenext several years, he added on certificates and ratings whilegaining experience through flying coast-to-coast in light aircraft;then, his f light instructor certif icate enabled him to more eco-nomically pursue two of his passions-flying and teaching. Clifftaught primary and advanced flight students in the Northeastin a variety of aircraft . In the last few years, he has had the op-portunity to diversify his business.with aviation management aswell as analysis and development of aviat ion computer prod-ucts and flight simulator programs. Clif f holds a CommercialCertif icate with an Instrument Rating for Single and Multi-En-gine Land Airplanes and CFI forAirplane Land and Instrument.With undergraduate and graduate degrees inthe Arts, Sciencesand Management from New York University, Connecticut Col-lege and the State University of New York at Stony Brook, hebrings to ASA a blend of aviation and business skills that com-bine a unique perspective with in-depth SUbject knowledge
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Contents

InstructionsPreface . .. . . vUpdate Information. viDescription of the Tests viiProcess for Taking a Knowledge Test viiiComputer Testing Designees ixUse of Test Aids and Materials xCheating or Other Unauthorized Conduct... . xiValidity of Airman Test Reports. .. xiRetesting Procedures. ............. .... xiEligibil ity Requirements for theAirline Transport Pilot Certificate........... ..xiii

Test-Taking Tips . xivSuggested Materials for the ATP Certificate xvASA Test Prep Layout.i.i,.. .xvi

Chapter 1 RegulationsApplicable Regulations.... .. . ,1-3The ATP Certificate .. "............. . 1-3Flight Engineer Requirements , 1-7Flight Attendants ., , 1-8Experience and Training Requirements. ...1-9Part 135Flight Crew Requirements .. 1-17Flight Crew Duty Time Limits ," . ...1-26Dispatching and Flight Release ". . 1-29Fuel Requirements , 1-36Carriage of Passengers and Cargo.. . 1-39Part 135Carriage of Passengers andCargo Requirements 1-47Emergency Equipment and Operations , 1-50Part 135Oxygen Requirements. . 1-62National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) 1-67Part 135Regulations ; 1-69Helicopter Regulations 1-85

Chapter 2 Equipment, Navigation,and Facilities

Inoperative Equipment 2-3Pitot-Static Instruments .' .. . 2-4Safety of Flight Equipment . 2-9Communications . .. 2-13Navigation Equipment .. .. 2-14Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI).. .. 2-19Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) .,.. . ' 2-25Long Range Navigation Systems, 2-26Approach Systems ' 2-30

Instructions

GPS .Airport Lighting and Marking, ..Approach Lighting .. .. .2~39.2-42..... 2-49

Chapter 3 AerodynamicsLift and Draq, 3-3Critical Engine and VMC . 3-7Maneuvering Flight.... ,.. . 3-9Stability. .. .. 3-11High Speed Flight ,. 3- 13Primary Flight Controls .." 3-16Tabs ,... . 3-19High-Lift Devices .. 3-21Helicopter Aerodynamics .. ............., ,.. ...... 3-22

Chapter 4 Pe~rformanceEngine Performance..... 4-3Helicopter Systems ..... , 4: . -BTakeoff Performance Terminology " ,. .. 4-9Calculating "V" Speeds " 4-138-727 "V" Speeds .. 4-138-737 "V" Speeds . .4'-13DC-9 "V" Speeds .. . .. .4-13

Calculating Takeoff Power .4-178-727 Takeoff EPR .. f. 4-178-737 Takeoff EPR... .. 4-17Climb Performance , , .4-19DC-9 Performance Tables.... .. 4-198-737 Climb Performance Tables .. ,..4~208-737 Climb and Cruise Power Tables 4-20Cruise Performance , 4-25Landing Considerations 4-26Landing Performance Tables and Graphs 4-30Miscellaneous Performance 4-36Engine-Out Procedures.. . 4-43Beech 1900Aircraft Performance.. .4-48

Beech 1900Cruise Tables ' ., 4-59Helicopter Performance .. 4-64Flight Planning Graphs and Tables .4-73Typical Flight Logs . . .. 4-79Computation of Temperature atCruise Altitude..... . .. ....4-79Computation of True Airspeed UsingMach Number 4-80

Specific Bange........... .. . . ..4-80Continued

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Instructions

Chapter 5 Weight and BalanceCenter of Gravity Computation " 5-3Stabilizer Trim Setting . 5-9Changing Loading Conditions .. 5-11Beech 1900 Weight and Balance. . 5-16Helicopter Weight and Balance : 5-26Helicopter Weight and Balance: CG Shifts , .. 5-28Helicopter Weight and Balance: Load Limits 5-29Helicopter Weight and Balance: Lateral CG.... 5-31Floor Loading Limits 5-33

Chapter 6 Flight OperationsAirspace ; ,... ... 6-3NOTAMs (NOtices To AirMen) : 6-14Items on the Flight Plan . ' 6 -16Alternate Airport Planning . 6 -19ATC Clearances : 6-22Takeoff Procedures . 6-26Instrument Approaches 6-27Landing ..: 6 -33Communications .. 6 -34Speed Adjustments....... 6 -37Holding : : 6-38Charts...... . " 6 '-45

Chapter 7 Emergencies, Hazards,and Flight Physiology"-. ,.Flight Emergencies and Hazards " 7-3F.=Ughthysiology " 7-11

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Chapter 8 Meteorology andWeather Services

The Atmosphere.... . 8-3Weather Systems....... 8-7Stability and Instability of Air .. . 8-9Fog and Rain 8-12Thunderstorms.......................... . 8-14Wind $hear . , , :.8-18Frost and Ice " ; 8-24Turbulence , $-31Arctic and Tropical Weather Hazards 8-34Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) 8~35The Weather Depiction Chart.. ,"c 8-38The Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) ; 8-39Enroute Forecasts .,..... . , , 8':"'41Surface Analysis andConstant Pressure Charts 8-45Prognostic Charts , ~ 8 "":48Reports and Forecasts of Hazardous Weather .. 8-50

PIREPs ., ~ 8-54

Cross-Referenc;es:. '.A: Answer, Subject Matter Knowledge Code,Category & Page Number .... A-1 through A-168: Subject Matter Knowledge Code

& Question Number 8,-1 through B-14


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Update Information

Free Test Updates 'or the One-Year Lifecycleof Test Prep BooksThe FAA releases a new test database each spring, and makes amendments to this database approxi-mately twice a year. However, a small number of questions may be withheld from the public fo r a periodof time while the FAA gathers statistics and validates these questions. This means the questions arenot available to the public via the internet-posted databases, but they are being issued at the FAAtesting centers. In each of these cases, ASA has worded the question to the best of our knowledge,basing it on current figure books, regulations, and procedures, as well as the type of question asked inprevious tests.

The questions described above make up a very small percentage of the overall database and areidentified by the symbol" (printed after the explanation and prior to the subject matter knowledge code-see Page xvi, "ASA Test Prep Layout") ..You can feel confident that you will be prepared for your FAAKnowledge Exam by using the ASA test prep products. ASA publishes test books each July and staysabreast of all changes to the tests, as well as the new questions that have been validated, and poststhese changes on the ASA website as a Test Update, Visit the ASA website before taking your test to becertain you have all the current information:

www.asa2fly.com

vi ASA2002Airiine Transport Pilot Test Prep
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Description of the Tests Instructions,

All test questions are the objective, multiple-choice type; with three answer choices.Each question canbe answered by the selection of a single response. The answer to some questions depend on the re-sponse to a previous question to calculate the correct answer.The tests are designed to test an applicant's knowledge in many subject areas. An applicant for anairline transport pilot certificate or added rating should rev i .ew the appropriate sections of 14 CFR Part61 for the specific knowledge areas on each fest. An applicant taking the airline transport pilot (14 CFR121) airplane test wili be tested on Part 121 as one of the knowledge areas. An applicant taking theairline transport pilot (14 CFR 135) airplane test will be tested on Part 135 as one of the knowledgeareas. All other knowledge areas are not specified as being for Part 121 or Part 135, and the questionsmay be used on any of the tests.An applicant for an aircraft dispatcher certificate should review the appropriate sections of 14 CFRPart 65 for the specific knowledge areas on the test The applicant will be tested on Part 121 as one ofthe knowledge areas. If Part 135 commuter operators (as defined in DOT Part 298) are required to haveaircraft dispatchers in the future, Part 135 questions will be added to the test The aircraft dispatcherapplicant isnot.required to have the flying skills of an airline transport pilot but is expected to have thesame knowledge.

The following tests each contain 80 questions and 3 hours are allowed for taking each test:Test CodeATP Airline Transport Pilot-Airplane (14 CFR Part 121)' Focus on questions marked ALL, 121ATA Airline Transport Pilot-Airplane (14 GFR Part 135): Focus on questions marked ALL, 135ATH Airline Transport Pilot-Helicopter (14 CFR Part 135): Focus on questions marked ALL, RTCADX Aircraft Dispatcher' Focus on questions marked ALL, DSP

The following tests each contain 50 questions and 2.5 hours are allowed for taking each test:Test CodeARA Airline Transport Pilot-Airplane-Added Rating (14 CFR Part 135):Focus on questions marked 135ARH Airline Transport Pilot-Helicopter-Added Rating (14 CFR Part 135):Focus on questions marked RTC

Note: All applicants transitioning from A TP airplane andlor helicopter need to take the additional knowl-edge test For example, an applicant adding a helicopter rating to an existing A TP-Airplane certificatewill need to take the 50-question add-on test.A score of 70 percent must be attained to successfully pass each test.

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instructions

Process for Taking a Knowledge TestThe Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has available hundreds of computer testing centers world-wide. These testing centers offer the full range of airman knowledge tests, except for the flight navigator.The flight navigator knowledge test is given by the Flight Standards District Offices (FSDO). Refer to thelist of computer testing designees (CTOs) at the end of this section.

The first step in taking a knowledge test is the registration process. You may either call the testingcenters' 1-800 numbers or simply take the test on a walk-in basis. If you choose to use the 1~800number to register, you will need to select a testing center, schedule a test date, and make financialarrangements for test payment. You may register for tests several weeks in advance, and you maycancel your appointment according to the CTD's cancellation policy. If you do not follow the ere'scancellation policies, you could be subject to a cancellation fee.The next step in taking a knowledge test is providing proper identification. Although no prior autho-rization is necessary, except in the case of failure, to take any airline transport pilot, aircraft dispatcher,or flight navigator knowledge test, proper identification is required. Testing center personnel will notbegin the test until your identification is verified.Proper identification contains your photograph, signature, date of birth (must show that you will meetthe age requirement for the certificate sought before the expiration date of the Airman Test Report), andactual residential address, if different from your mailing address.Before you take the actual test, you will have the option to take a sample test. The actual test is timelimited; however, you should have sufficient time to complete and review your test.Upon completion of the knowledge test, you will receive your Airman Test Report, with the testingcenter's embossed seal, which reflects your scoreThe Airman Test Report lists the subject matter knowledge codes for questions answered incor-rectly. The total number of subject matter knowledge codes shown on the Airman Test Report is notnecessarily an indication of the total number of questions answered incorrectly. Study these knowledgeareas to improve your understanding of the subject matter, See the Subject Matter Knowledge Code/Question Number Cross-Reference in the back of this book for a complete list of which questions applyto each subject matter knowledge code.Your instructor is required to provide instruction on each of these knowledge areas listed on yourAirman Test Report and to complete an endorsement of this instruction. The Airman Test Report mustbe presented to the examiner prior to taking the practical test During the oral portion of the practicaltest, the examiner is required to evaluate the noted areas of deficiency.Should you require a duplicate Airman Test Report due to loss or destruction of the original, send asigned request accompanied by a check or money order for $1 payable to the FAA . Your request shouldbe sent to the Federal Aviation Administration, Airmen Certification Branch, AFS-760, P.o.. Box 25082,Oklahoma City, OK 73125.

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--- --._- --------------Instructions

Computer Testing DesigneesThe following is a list of the computer testing designees authorized to give FAA knowledge tests. Thislist should be helpful in case you choose to register for a test or simply want more information. The. latestlisting of computer testing center locations may be obtained through the FAA website: http://afs600.faa.gov,then select AFS630, Airman Certification, Computer Testing Sites.

Computer Assisted Testing Service (CATS)1849 Old Bayshore HighwayBurlingame, CA 94010Applicant inquiry and test registration: 1~800~947~4228From-outslde the u.s.: (650) 2S9~8S50LaserGrade Computer Testing16209 S.E. McGillivray, Suite LVancouver, WA 98683Applicant inquiry and test registration: 1-800-211-2753 or 1~800-211-2754From outside the US.: (360) 896-9111

International pilots who want to apply for an FAA certificate based on their .LCADforeiqn certificatesshould go to the nearest FAA Flight Standards District Office (FSDO). Phone numbers for these officeswill be found in the blue pages of the local telephone book. This will ailow you to fly a U.S.-registeredaircraft while in the U.S. If you hold instrument privileges on your foreign license, you can take a 50-question knowledge test (Instrument Rating----'Foreign Pilot), and if you pass it, have instrument privi-leges added to this FAA private pilot certificate.If you are outside of the U.S., you will have to go in person to an FAA International Field Office (iFO)and apply for an FAA private pilot certificate. When outside of the U.S. you will only be authorized to flya U.S.-registered aircraft.

International Field Offices (iFO)1. Brussels, Belgium (32-2) 508.2721FAA C/O American Embassy, PSC 82 Box 002, APO AE 097102. Frankfurt, Germany (49-69) 69.705.111FAA CIO IFO EA-33 Unit 7580, APO AE 090503. London, England (44-181) 754.88.19FAA C/O American Embassy, PSC 801 Box 63, FPO AE 09498-40634. Singapore (65) 543-1466FAA C/O American Embassy, PSC 470 AP 96507-0001

These special certificates will not allow you to fly for hire in the U.S. To qualify for a "clean" FAA com-mercial pilot certificate or higher, you must meet the full certification requirements of 14 CFR Part 61, forthe level of certificate you are requesting. Your current, logged flying time will count towards the re~qulred experience. However, all required training, knowledge, and practical tests must be completed.

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http://afs600.faa.gov%2C/http://afs600.faa.gov%2C/


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Instructions

Use of Test Aids and MaterialsAirman knowledge tests require applicants to analyze the relationship between variables needed tosolve aviatlon problems, in addition to testing for accuracy of a mathematical calculation. The intent isthat all applicants are tested on concepts rather than rote calculation ability, It is permissible to usecertain calculating devices when taking airman knowledge tests, provided they are used within thefollowing guidelines. The term "calculating devices" is interchangeable with such items as calculators,computers, or any similar devices designed for aviation-related activities.1. Guidelines for use of test aids and materials. The applicant may use test aids and materials withinthe guidelines listed below, if actual test questions or answers are not revealed.

a. Applicants may use test aids, such as scales; straightedges, protractors, 'plotters, navigationcomputers, log sheets, and all models of aviation-oriented calculating devices that are directlyrelated to the test. In addition, applicants may use any test materials provided with the testb. Manufacturer's permanently inscribed instructions on the front and backof such aids listed in1(a), e.g., formulas, conversions, regulations, signals, weather data, holding pattern diagrams,frequencies, weight and balance formulas, and air traffic control procedures are permissible.c. The test proctor may provide calculating devices to applicants and deny them use of their per-sonal calculating devices if the applicant's device does not have a screen that indicates alJmemory has been erased. The test proctor must be able to determine the calculating device'serasure capability. The use of calculating devices incorporating permanent or continuous typememory circuits without erasure capability is prohibited.d. The use of magnetic cards, magnetic tapes, modules, computer chips, or any other device uponwhich prewrltten programs or information related to the test can be stored and re t r ie ve d is pro-hibited. Printouts o t data will be surrendered at the completion of the test if the calculating deviceused incorporates this design feature.e. The use of any booklet or manual containing instructions related to the use of the applicant'scalculating device is not permitted.f. Dictionaries are not allowed in the testing areag. The test proctor makes the final determination relating to test materials and personal posses-sions that the applicant may take into the testing area.

2. Guidelines for dyslexic applicant's use of test aids and materials. A dyslexic applicant may requestapproval from the local Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) to take an airman knowledge testusing one of the three options listed in preferential order:a. Option One. Use current testing facil i t ies and procedures whenever possible.b. Option Two. Applicants may use Franklin Speaking Wordmaster to facilitate the testing pro-cess. The Wordmaster is a self-contained electronic thesaurus that audibly pronounces typedin words and presents them on a display screen. It has a built-in headphone jack for pr ivatelistening. The headphone feature will be used during testing to avoid disturbing others.c. Option Three. Applicants who do not choose to use the first or second option may request a testproctor to assist in reading specific words or terms from the test questions and supplementmaterial. In the interest of preventing compromise of the testing process, the test proctor shouldbe someone who is non-aviation oriented. The test proctor will provide reading assistance only,with no explanation of words or terms. The A i rm a n Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630, willassist in the selection of a test site and test proctor.

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Instruct ions

Cheating or Other Unauthorized ConductComputer testing centers must follow strict security procedures to avoid test compromise. These proce-dures are established by the FAA and are covered in FAA Order 8080,6, Conduct of Airman KnowledgeTests. The FAA has directed testing centers to terminate a test at any time a test proctor suspects acheating incident has occurred, An FAA investigation will then be conducted. If the investigation deter-mines that cheating or unauthorized conduct has occurred, then any airman certificate or rating that youhold may be revoked, and you will be prohibited for 1 year from applying for or taking any test for acertificate or rating under 14 CFR Part 61.

Validity of Airman Test ReportsFor an Airman Test Report to be valid, it must be dated within the 24-calendar month period precedingthe month you complete the practical test If the Airman Test Report expires before completion of thepractical test, you must retake the knowledge testThe 24-month limitation does not apply if you:1.. are employed as a flight crewmember by a certificate holder under 14 CFR Parts 121, 125, or 135 atthe time of the practical test and have satisfactorily accomplished that operator's approved:

a. pilot in command aircraft qualification training program that is appropriate to the certificate andrating sought; andb. qualification training requirements appropriate to the certificate and ratings sought; or

2. are employed as a flight crewmember in scheduled U.S. military air transportoperations at the timeof the practical test, and have accomplished the pilot in command aircraft qualification training pro-gram that is appropriate to the certificate and rating sought.

Retesting ProceduresIfyou receive a grade lower than 70 percent and wish to retest, you must present the following to testingcenter personnel. failed Airman Test Report; and a written endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying that additional instruction has beengiven, and the instructor finds you competent to pass the test. If you decide to retake the test inanticipation of a better score, you may retake the test after 30 days from the date your last test wastaken. The FAA will not allow you to retake a passed test before the 30-day period has lapsed. Priorto retesting, you must give your current Airman Test Report to the test proctor. The last test takenwill reflect the official score.

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Eligibility Requirements f o rthe Airline Transport Pilot Certificate' Inst ruct ions

TO be eligible for an Airline Transport Pilot Certificate, a person must:1. Be at least 23 years old.2. Be of good moral character.3. Read, write and understand English, and speak it without impediment that would interfere withradio conversation.4. Have a current Third-Class Medical Certificate.5. Pass a knowledge examination on the appropriate subjects.6. Pass an oral and flight check on the subjects and maneuvers in the Airline Transport Pilot and TypeRating Practical Test Standards (#ASA~8081-5D).7. Have a Commercial Pilot Certificate or foreign or military equivalent.8. For an Airplane rating have:

a. 250 hours PIC flight time in an airplane including 100 hours cross-country and 25 hours at nightb. 1,500 hours pilot flight time including:

i. 500 hours cross-country fl ight timeii . 100 hours night time; andiii. 75 hours actual or simulated instrument time, 50 hours of which were in actual flight

(See 14 CFR Part 61 for alternate ways to qualify time.)9. For a rotorcraft ca.tegory and helicopter class rating, have 1,200 hours pilot time including:

a. 500 hours cross-country flight timeb. 100 hours night time, at least 15 hours in helicoptersc. 200 hours in helicopters including 75 hours PIC timed. 75 hours of actual or simulated instrument time with at least 50 hours in flight and 25 hours PICtime in helicopters.

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TestYaking,T'ips:'._~- 0-. ~ -x

Follow these time-proven tips, which will help you develop a skillful, smooth approach to test-taking:1. In order to maintain the integrity of each test, the FAA may rearrange the answer stems to appearin a different order on your test than you see in this book. For this reason, be careful to fully under-stand the intent of each question and corresponding answer while studying, rather than memorizethe A, B, C answer choice.2. Take with you to the testing center proof of eligibility for this certificate, photo I.D., the testing fee,calculator, flight computer (ASA's E6-B, Micro E6-B which has the high-speed wind correction slide,or CX-2 Pathfinder), plotter, magnifying glass, and a sharp pointer, such as a safety pin.3. '(our first action when you sit down should be to write on the scratch paper the weight and balanceand any other formulas and information you can remember from your study. Remember, some of

the formulas may be on your E6-B.4. Answer each question in accordance with the latest regulations and guidance publications.5. Read each question carefully before looking at the possible answers. You should clearly under-stand the problem before attempting to solve it.6. After formulating an answer, determine which answer choice corresponds the closest with youranswer. The answer chosen should completely resolve the problem.7. From the answer choices given, it may appear that there is more than one possible answer. How-ever, there is only one answer that is correct and complete. The other answers are either incom-plete, erroneous, or represent popular misconceptions.8. If a certain question is difficult for you, it is best to mark it for REVIEW and proceed to the otherquestions. After you answer the less difficult questions, return to those which you marked forreview and answer them. Be sure to untag these questions once you've answered them. The re-view marking procedure will be explained to you prior to starting the test Although the computershould alert you to unanswered questions, make sure every question has an answer recorded.This procedure will enable you to use the available time to the maximum advantage.9. Perform each math calculation twice to confirm your answer. If adding or subtracting a column ofnumbers, reverse your direction the second time to reduce the possibility of errors.10. When solving a calculation problem, select the answer nearest to your solution. The problem hasbeen checked with various types of calculators; therefore, if you have solved it correctly, your an-swer will be closer to the correct answer than any of the other choices.11. Remember that information is provided in the FAA Legends and FAA Figures.12. Remember to answer every question, even the ones with no completely correct answer, to ensurethe FAA gives you credit for a bad question.13. Take your time and be thorough but relaxed. Take a minute off every half-hour or so to relax thebrain and the body. Get a drink of water halfway through the test.

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InstructionsSuggested Materials forthe ATPCertificate

Aircraft Basic ScienceThe following are some of the publications and products recommended tor the ATP certificate:

Aircraft PowerplantsASA-ANAAC 00-30AC 00-46AC 60-22AC 61-107

AC 90-23AC 90-48AC 90-87AC 91-32AC91-13AC 91-50AC 120-27AC 120-38AC 120-43AC 120-48AC 121.195AC 150/5340-1ASA-AC61-23CASA-8083-1ASA~8083-3ASA-FAR-AMTASA-FAR-FeASA-8081-5 DASA-AC65-9AASA-ACOO-6AASA-ACOO-45EASA-8083-21ASA-8083-15ASA-ATP-02ASA-TW-ATP-02ASA-ON-TOP

(McGraw-'-Hill)(McGraw-Hili)

Aerodynamics for Naval AviatorsRules of Thumb for Avoiding or Minimizing Encounters with Clear Air TurbulenceAviation Safety Reporting ProgramAeronautical Decision MakingOperations o f Aircraft at Altitudes Above 25,000 Fe~t MSL andlor Mach Numbers(MMo) Greater Than .75Aircraft Wake TurbulencePilots' Role in Collision AvoidanceHelicopter Dynamic RolloverSafety In and Around HelicoptersCold Weather Operation of AircraftImportance of Transponder Operation and Altitude ReportingAircraft Weight and Balance ControlTransport Category Airplanes Cabin Ozone ConcentrationsThe Influence of Beards on Oxygen Mask EfficiencyCommunication and Coordination Between Flight Crewmembers and

Flight AttendantsOperational Landing Distances for Wet Runways; Transport Category AirplanesStandards for Airport MarkingsPilot's Handbook of Aeronautical KnowledgeAircraft Weight and Balance HandbookAirplane Flying HandbookFederal Aviation Regulations: Aviation Maintenance TechniciansFederal Aviation Regulations: Flight Crew (Parts 1,25,63,65, and 121)ATP Practical Test StandardsAirframe and Powerplant Mechanics General HandbookAviation WeatherAviation Weather ServicesRotorcraft Flying HandbookInstrument Flying HandbookAirline Transport Pilot Test Prep BookAirline Transport Pilot Test PrepwareOn Top IFR Proficiency Platform Software

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ASA Test Prep LayoutThe FAA questions have been sorted into chapters according to subject matter. Within' eachchapter, the questions have been further classified and all similar questions grouped together with aconcise discussion of the material covered in each group. This discussion material of "Chapter text" isprinted in a larger font and spans the entire width of the page. Immediately following the FAA Ouestionis ASA's Explanation in italics. The last line of the Explanation contains the Subject Matter KnowledgeCode and further reference (if applicable). See the EXAMPLE below.Figures referenced by the Chapter text only are numbered with the appropriate chapter number,i.e., "Figure 1-1" is Chapter 1's first chapter-text figure. .

Some FAA Questions refer to Figures or Legends immediately following the question number, Le.;"8201. (Refer to Figure 14.)." These are FAA Figures and Legends which can be found in the separatebooklet Computerized Testing Supplement (CT-8080-XX). This supplement is bundled with the TestPrep and is the exact material you will have access to when you take your computerized test We provideit separately, so you will become accustomed to referring to the FAA Figures and Legends as you wouldduring the test. ;

Figures referenced by the Explanation and pertinent to the understanding of that particularquestion are labeled by their corresponding Question number. For example: the caption "Questions 8245and 8248" means the f igure accompanies the Explanations for both Question 8245 and 8248.Answers to each question are found at the bottom of each page, and in the Cross-Hetsrence at theback of this book.

EXAMPLE: Chapter text IFour aerodynamic forces are considered to be basic because they act upon an aircraft during all flightmaneuvers. There is the downward-acting force caJfedWEIGHT which must be overcome by theupward-acting force called LIFT, and there is the rearward-acting force called DRAG, which must beovercome by the forward-acting force called THRUST.

I Category rating. This question maybe found on tests for these ratings.*ALL, 121,135, DSP, RTC _8201. (Referto Figure14.) The four forcesactingonan See separate book: Computerizedairplanein flightare t Testing Supplement (CT~8080-XX)A-lift, weight,thrust,anddragB-ift,weight,grav i ty, andthrust. 0( I FAA question and answer choices jC-ift, grav i ty, power,andfrictionLift, weight, thrust, and drag are the four basic - 0 0 ( I Explanation !aerodynamic forces acting on an aircraft in ffight.A ~ This symbol indicates a questionH300) -AC 61-23C, Chapter 1 0#.Answer (B) is incorrect because the force of gravity isalways the same that is temporarily not publiclynumber and reacts with the airplane's mass to produce a different available from the FAA, which hasweight for almost every airplane, Answer (C) is incorrect because been researched and edited by ASA.weight is the final product of gravity,thrust is the final product of power,and drag is the final product of friction. Power, gravity, and friction areonly parts of the aerodynamic forces of ffight. - Code line. FAA's Subject Matter1 Knowledge Code In parentheses,Incorrect answer explanation. Reasons why followed by further referencesanswer choices are incorrect explained here. where applicable.

* No_te:The FAA does not identify whidl questions are on the different ratings' tests. Unless the wording of a question is pertinent to only onerating category, it may be found on any of the testsAU. = All operations 121", 14 CFR Part 121 operations135 = 14 CFR Part 135 operations DSP = Dispatcher RTC = Rotorcraft

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